????? ????
???
?????
??????
??????? ???????
?????? ?
????? ???"?
?
????? ????
. ?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????
????????? ???? ?
??? ?????
, ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????, ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ?
??"?
??????? ????? ????????. ?????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ???"? ?
???? ?????
"
???"???
" (???? ???????????) ?
??? ??????
, ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???, ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ??? ??
????? ???????
.
????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????, ??????:
- ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? (
??"?
)
- ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????.
[1]
[2]
???? 2014 ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????
[3]
.
???? ??2023, ???? ??80 ?????? ???? ????? ????, ???? ??12,000 ???????.
[4]
????
?'???"?
???? ???? ?????? ????? ??
??? ?????
?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????.
[5]
????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????
?? ???????
. ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????
??"?
?????, ???? ?????? ?????
??"?
??
1999
?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?
?????
????, ???? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????.
[6]
?? ?????
??? ??
?????? ??"? ????? ?????? 2012, ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????, ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? 2012. ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????
?????? ?????
,
???? ?????
?
???? ????
, ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??, ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ???????, ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????. ?????, ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? (????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??"?).
?? ???????? ?????? ????? ???"? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?
????
.
[7]
???? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????, ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???"?, ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????. ????? ??? ????? "???? ?????" (???"?).
?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????
????? ?????? ?????
. ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ??????, ?????? ???
??"?
????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ????. ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??"? ????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???"? ???? ?????? ???? ??????. ???? ???"? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ??????.
?????? ?? ???? ??????? ????? "???? ??????????" ????? ?????? ?????? "
??? ?????
", ???? 1959 ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????,
???? ?????
.
[8]
????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??"? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?????.
[9]
?????? ????? ????? ?? ?
????? ??????
. ????
????? ??? ?????
????? ???? ?????? ??????:
????? ?????
,
????? ?? ?????
,
????? ??? ????? ????
, ?????? ?????? ????? ???
????? ?????
, ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???250 ??????? ????.
[10]
???? 1972 ????? ??
????? ?????
, ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????.
[11]
?????? ????? ?????? ?????
????? ???? ???????
, ???? ?? ?????
???? ????
, ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????.
[12]
?????? ???? ??????? ????
1978
??? ???? ?????? ????? ??12 ?? ??1,200 ???????.
[10]
????? ??80 ?? ???? ??20 ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?
??????? ???????
.
[13]
???? 2009 ???? ????????? ?
??"?
?????? ????? ??? ??1,350 ???????, ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???.
[14]
??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????, ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????. ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???, ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????.
??? ???? ?
?????? ???? ??????
, ??? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ????. ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ???1,200 ?????? ???800, ?? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????.
??? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?
??????
???? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??
????? ?????'??
: ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??
?????
, ?????? "????? ?????" ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? "????? ???????". ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????
??"?
?
????? ?????
. ??????? ?????, ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????, ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????, ??????? '?????': ??? ???? ?? ?????? "???? ?????", ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????: ?????? ?????? "???? ???????" (????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??"?), ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????, ????? ????? ???"?, ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?????? "???? ???????" ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????. ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?
???????
?? ???????. ?? ??? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ????, ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?
?"?
?? ?????? (????? = ?????) ???? "??? ????". ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??? ????.
????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ????????. ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????
????? ??????
,
??"?
, ??? ?????? ???????, ?????? ?????? ????, ?? ??????? ?????? ??????.
?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?
????? ????
:
- ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????.
- ?????? ????? ???????, ???? ???????? ?????? ?"????? ?????" ????. ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????.
- ?????? ??????? ??????
????? ???????
, ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????.
?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??
???? ??????
?
???? ???????
, ?????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????,
?????? ??????????
??1997. ??? ?? ??? 1996 ??2000, ????? ?????? ???70 ?????? ??? ????.
[15]
?????, ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?
???? ???????
?? ?? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????. ???? 2005 ????? ?????? ????? ??548 ?"? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? 2005 ??408 ?"? ????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????.
[16]
???? 2008 ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? 24 ?????? ???.
[17]
?????? ??7500 ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??300 ?"? ?????? ?????. ??????? ?? ??????? ???"? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????,
[18]
??? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????, ???? ???????? ???"? ???? ?????? ????? ???????.
[19]
??? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ??? 8000?10000 ?"? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????.
[20]
????, ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????, ??????:
- ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? (
??"?
)
- ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????.
?????? ????? ?????, ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? "?????", ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???? ???.
- ????? ?' ? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? (
????? ?????
, ??"?) ???????? ????? ??????.
- ????? ?' ? ????, ?????? ???? (?? ???? ???? ??????) ?????? ???????? ???? ????, ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ????
???
??
??????
(??? ????? ??????). ????? ???, ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? (
??"?
). ???? ???, ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????.
- ????? ?' ? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????. ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ??????.
- ????? ?' ? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????.
- ????? ?' ? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?', ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????.
???? ??????? ?????, ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?', ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???????, ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????, ???? ???? ?'.
??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????. ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????
?????
?
??????
.
?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??????. ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????. ?????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?"??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????. ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????"? ????? ???
????? ??????
(??"? ????'), ???
????? ???????
(??"? ????'), ???
?????? ??????
(??"? ????'), ???
???? ????
(??"? ????'), ???
??"? ????
(??"? ????'), ???
????? ????
(??"? ????') ??? ???? ?"? (??"? ????'), ??? ???? ???? (??"? ????') ??? ???? ?????? (??"? ????') ??????.
????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????
[
????? ??? ????
|
?????
]
???? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? (?????? ??"?) ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? (??"?),
[2]
??????? ???? (???????? ??????? ????: ??????, ?"???,
??????
???'). ???? ?????? ????? ????, ????? ????? ???? ???????, ??? ??????? ?? ?????. ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???"? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????.
????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???, ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? "???????", ?????? ??????. ?????? ?? ??????, ??? ?????? ????? ?????, ?????? ?? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ????? ???????. ???? 2004 ????? ??? ??"?, ????? ????? ????, ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????.
[21]
????
1982
?????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????
????? ?????
.
[22]
????
1988
???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???. ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????, ?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ???????.
[23]
- ??? ????? ?
??"?
??"?,
???? ?????
?? "????? ??? ?????" ? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ???????. ?? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???? ?????? (???? ??????) ?? ??????? ?????? ?????. ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????. ????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ???"?. ?? ??? ???"?, ???? ?????? ????? ???????, ??? ??????? ????. ??? ??? ?????? ????? (??"?) ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ???? ?????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ???"?, ??????? ???????, ??? ???? ???, ?????? ????.
???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????, ??????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????, ?? ??????? ????.
- ??? ????? ?
????? (????? ????)
?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???, ?? ???? ????. ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???, ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????.
?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????,
????? ???? ?????
?
????? ?????? ????
???? ?????, ?????? ????
2008
. ????? ???? ?? ???? ??21 ?????? ?????? ??
????? ??????
?????? ?????? ?
??????
.
- ??? ????? ?
????? ????? ???? ????
????? ?????? ?
????? ???????
?????? ???
?????? ??????
, ??????? ?????? ??????????, ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????
??????
(
???????
?? ?? + ????). ??? ???? ????, ????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????, ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ??????, ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????.
????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????, ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????, ???? ???????? ????, ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????.
?????? ????? ?????? ?????:
- ????? ????? ??????, ?? ??? ????.
- ????? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????.
- ????? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ??????.
- ?????? ????? ?????, ?? ???, ?????? ??????.
- ????? ????? ??????, ?? ??????.
[24]
?????, ???? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????????
????? 1500 ???? ???????? ?????, ????? ?? ????? ?25 ?????? ??????.
???? ????
???"?
, ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????:
????? ???? ????
?
???????
, ?? ???? ??????, ??????? ??? ???.
- ??? ????? ?
???? ????
???? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??????. ????? ?????? ??? ???? 22 ?????. ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????????? ????? ????. ?????? ?????? ???? ???
????? ???? ???
??????? ???? ?? ???. ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????, ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????.
??2008 ??? ????? ????? "???????" ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????. ?????? ???? ?
????? ???? ?????
???????? ????? "????? ???" ?
??? ????
????? ???? ??????.
????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????:
- ??? ????? ?????? (???) (?????? ????? ???? ????).
- ??? ????? ???? ???? (??????).
- ??? ????? ?????? (???).
??"?: 4 ???? (?????? ????? ????, ?????? ????? ??????).
[25]
???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ??????.
????? ??????
2006
????? ???? ?????? ????'
??? ??????
??"?, ????? ?? ?? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?
??"?
. ??? ??????? ???"? ??? ????? ???????? ?????????, ??? ????? ?????.
????
??? ????
????
???? ????
, ???? ????? ????, ????? ?
????
???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????, ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ???????.
[26]
???? ?? ??? ?? ???? "
?????
" (?????, 2002), ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ?????
?? ????
.
?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????. ????? ?? ??? ??"? ????? ???? ?????????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????.
?? ????? ?????? ??????
?????? ????????
, ?????
2005
, ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ??
??????
???? ????? ????.
[27]
???? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????, ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??????.
[28]
????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????.
[29]
??? ???, ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? (??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????) ?????? ?????? ????????.
[30]
??????? 2007, ?????? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?
?????
, ????? ????? ????? ???? ??
??????
????? ????, ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? 12 ?????? ???????. ?? ???????
?????? ?? ??????
??? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ??"? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????.
[31]
????
?????? ????????
????? ???"? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????.
[32]
???? ????????, ??? ??? ??"? ?????
????? ????
??
????????
?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????, ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????. ?? ???, ????? ?? ?????.
??13 ?????? 2009, ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????
????? ????
, ???? ?? ???????,
???? ???
, ?? ?????? ??
????? ?? ????
??????? ?? ???
?????? ????
?? ?????. ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???????. ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ?? "????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????, ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?
??????
, ??????? ??????? ???? ??"?, ?????, ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??"? ???? ??????? ???????". ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????.
[33]
??2017 ?????
???? ???? ????????
????? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????.
[34]
?????? ????? ??
?????? ???????
????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????. ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????, ??? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???????. ?? ???, ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????????, ????? ??????
???? ???
?
?? ????
???? ????????, ??? ??????
?????? ??????
. ?? ?????? ???, ?????, ??????? ????????? ??????? ???"? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ????, ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????. ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??
????? ?????
.
????
2009
??? 47 ?????? ???? ????? ????, ???? ???? ??7500 ???????.
[35]
??2023, ???? 80 ?????? ???? ????? ????, ???? ??12,000 ???????.
[36]
.
????? ?????? ?????
|
?? ??????
|
??????
|
????? ?????
|
??? ??????
|
?????
|
????? ??? ?????
|
??? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
?????? ???
????
???? ??????
|
????? ?????? ?????, ????? ?? ??? ???
???? ???? ?????????
.
???
????? ???????
???? ????? ??????
|
????? ??????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ???
|
????? ?? ??? ???
???? ???????
, ??? ?? ??? ?? ???????? ????????
|
????? ?????
|
????? ??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ????
|
???? ???? ???
?????? ????
??????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???
???? ?"?
????
????? ????
|
????? ?? ?????
|
???? ????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ???
, ???
???? ????
, ???
??? ??????????
|
????? ?????? ??? ???
????? ?????
, ????? ????? ???
???? ??????????
|
????? ???
|
????? ????
|
?'???"?
|
???
??? ?????
|
????? ?? ??? ???
?????? ?????
|
????? ?????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ??????
|
????? ?? ??? ???
???? ????
|
????? ????? ????
|
?????
|
?'???"?
[37]
|
???
????? ?????
|
???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????
|
????? ??? ?????
|
?????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ??? ???????
|
????? ?
????
?? ??? ???
???? ?????
????
????? ?????
. ???? ?
??? ?????
???? ?????? ?????, ?????
????????
???? ??????.
|
????? ????? ?????
|
????? ?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ?????
, ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????
|
????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????
|
????? ???? ???
|
???? ??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ????
????
???? ????
|
????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????
???? ????
. ???? 1983 ??? ?????? ?????? ???
???? ?????? ????????'
. ???? 2015 ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????.
|
????? ???? ?????
|
????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ???????
|
?????? ????? ??????
????
, ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????
?????
?????? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????
|
????? ??? ?????
|
???? ?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ????
|
????? ?
???? ?????? ??? ?????
, ????? ?????? ???
???? ??????
|
????? ????
|
????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ???? ??????
|
????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ????
|
????? ????? ???? ??????
|
???? ??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ???
????
????? ????????
|
???? ????? ?? ????? ???"?
.
|
????? ??? ?????
|
???? ???????
|
?'??"?
|
??? ?? ?????, ??????? ???
????? ????????
, ???
????? ?? ???
|
???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ???.
|
|
????? ????? ????
|
???? ????
|
?'???"?
|
???
??? ???????
|
?????? ????? ?????? ????
??????
?? ??? ?????? ?? ????
|
????? ???? ??????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
??? ????'??
|
|
????? ?? ????
|
?? ????
|
?'???"?
|
???
?????? ????
|
??? ????? 2009 ????? 2013 ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????.
|
??? ??? ????? ????????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
??"? ????
????
????? ????
|
???? ????? ??????: ???
?????? ???????
|
????? ?????
|
?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ?????????
, ???
?????? ????
???? ???? ???????
|
?????? ?????? ?? ???
????? ?????????
?
?????? ?? ????
.
|
????? ????? ????
|
????? ?????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ?"?
???? ???????
???? ????? ????
|
|
????? ??? ??
|
??? ??
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ?????
????
?? ???? ??????
|
????? ??????? ?
??? ??
|
????? ??????
|
???????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ???? ?????,
??? ????? ?????
[38]
|
????? ?????? ??? ???
????? ??????
, ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????
????? ??????
, ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?'.
|
????? ???
|
?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
??? ????
|
|
????? ???? ????
|
???? ????
|
?'???"?
|
???
?????? ?????
|
?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??"? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???"?.
|
????? ??? ???
|
?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
?????? ???????
???? ??? ????
|
????? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????
|
????? ???? ?????
|
???? ????
|
?'???"?
|
???
?????? ???'??
, ???
???? ??? ???'??
|
????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 2008 ???? ????? ??????? ? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ?????.
|
????? ??? ????
|
????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ???????
, ??? ?"? ??? ???, ??? ?"? ???? ??????
|
????? ?? ???
??? ??"?
, ????? ??? ????? ???? ?
????? ?????? ?????
.
|
????? ????? ????? ?????
|
????? ?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ???
|
|
????? ???
|
???
|
?'???"?
|
??? ???? ?????????'
|
????? ?? ??? ???
????? ?????
|
????? ????? ????
|
????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ???? ???????
|
|
????? ????? ????
|
????? ?????,
?? ????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ????
, ??? ?"?
???? ?????
, ??? ????? ????
|
|
????? ????
|
????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ???? ????
|
???? ?????? ??? ???
???? ??? ?????
(????????) ???????? ?? ??? ???? ????, ???
???? ?????
???? ????? ????? .
??? ????? ????
|
????? ????? ???? ?????
|
???? ?????
|
?'??"?
|
??? ????? ???????
|
|
????? ?? ????
|
?????
|
?'??"?
|
??? ???? ??????
|
????? ??
????? ????? ??????
|
????? ??? ??????
|
????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ?????
|
|
????? ????? ????
|
????? ?????
?
???? ?? ????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ????? ???
|
????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???????,
[39]
?????? ???
????? ?????
???? ????? ?? ??????. ?????? ??? ???? 2008 ??50 ???????.
[40]
[41]
????? ??? ?????. ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? '???? ????' ????.
|
????? ???? ?????
|
?????
|
????"?
|
??? ???? ??????
|
?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????.
|
????? ???? ????? ???????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ??? ??????
|
????? ?? ???
?????? ?? ????
????
????? ???????
,
???? ????? ?? ????? '???? ?????'
|
????? ?????
|
?????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ???? ????
|
|
????? ??? ?????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ????? ???
|
????? ?? ????
("
????? ????
")
???? ??????
????? ?????? ???? ?? ???
????? ???? ????
(???? ????) ???????
?????? ????????
?? ???? ??????, ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ?
???? ????
??
????
?'???"?
???? ????? ??????. ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??2008.
|
????? ????? ???
|
???
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ????
|
????? ?????? ??
????? ?????
|
????? ?????
|
?????
|
?'???"?
|
???
??? ??????
, ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ???
??? ?? ????
|
????? ?????? ??
????? ?????
|
????? ??????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ????
|
|
????? ???? ????
|
??? ??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
????? ?????
|
|
????? ???? ????
|
???????
|
?'???"?
|
???
?????? ??????
|
?????? ?? ?? ??"? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?
?????
, ????? ??? ????? ???? ?
????? ?????? ?????
.
|
?? ?? ???? - ??? ?????
|
?? ????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ??? ???? ??
|
??? ???????
?? ?????
???????
|
????? ??? ????
|
?????
|
?????
|
??? ???? ?"?
|
??? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?
???? 5
, ????? ??? ????? ???? ?
????? ?????? ?????
.
|
????? ????? ????
|
??????
|
?????
|
??? ??? ?????
|
????? ????? ?????? ?????
????? ????
, ?????? ?????? ???, ????????? ?? ?????? ????? ?'.
|
????? ??????? ?????
|
?????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ????? ????
[42]
|
????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ????? "
???????
". ????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???
????? ???
|
????? ??? ?????
|
??? ???
|
?'??"?
|
??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???
|
?????? ????? ????? ?????? ??
????? ???? ????
?????? ???
?????? ??????
, ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????. ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???
|
????? ????? ??? ?????
|
??? ?????
|
?'??"?
|
??? ??? ?????
|
????? ?????? ?????? ??
????? ?????
????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????
|
????? ?????
|
????
???? ?????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ???? ????
|
????? ???????
??? ???? ????
|
????? ???? ?????
|
???? ?????
|
?'???"?
|
??? ????? ?'????
|
|
????? ????? ??????
|
??????
|
?'???"?
|
???
?????? ??????
|
?????? ????? ?????? ??
????? ???? ????
. ?????? ?????.
|
????? ????? ????
|
????
|
?'???"?
|
???
???? ?????
|
|
|
- ??? ?"?
???? ??????????
, ?
??? ???? ?????
, ???? "
???
" ? ???? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
- ???
???? ????
, ?
????? ???? ??????? ?????
, ???? "
???
"
- ???? ?????,
????? ?????
, ??? ?? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????
- ????? ???
,
???? ???? ?????
,
???? ?????
, ???? "???", 15 ???? 2012, ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????
- ???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????,
??????: ???? ???
,
???? ?????
, ???? "???", 15 ???? 2012
- ????? ???? ????? ???"? ??????? ????? ???????
?? ?? ????? ?? ????"? ???, ?????? ???
????? ?????
??? ????
???? ??"?
- ?????? ????
,
????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????
, ?????
????
.
- ???? ????????',
????? ??? ???? ? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????
, Social Sciences Humanities, and the Studies in Judaism, 2019.
- ??? ???,
??????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????? (??????? ??????? ??????? ?????): ????????? ??????? ????????
? ????? ?????, 2017
- ^
??? ????
,
?? ??? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ?????
, ????
????? ??????? ?????????
, 02 ???? 2014
- ^
1
2
????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????
, ????? ???? ????? ??????, 25 ???? 2012
- ^
???? ???,
???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????: ?????? ????? ?-17 ??????
, ???? ??????, 19.02.14
- ^
???? ????, ?
?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????: ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????
, ??????
???? ?????
, 4 ???? 2023
- ^
???? ???
,
??? ????? ?????? ??????
,
?????
, 11 ?????? 1991
- ^
??? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ????"?-2002
, ???? 9, ???? "???"
- ^
????? ????
, ??? "????"
- ^
???? ???,
??? ????? ?? ??????
,
?????
, 12 ??????? 1969
- ^
?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????
,
?????
, 4 ????? 1965
- ^
1
2
????? ?????
,
"???? ??????: ??????? ?????"
,
?????
, 26 ???? 1978
???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????
,
?? ?????
, 6 ???????? 1974
- ^
???? ??????
,
?"????????"
,
???
, 28 ?????? 1972
- ^
????? ???????,
????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????
,
???
, 5 ???? 1975
???? ?????,
?? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????
,
?????
, 23 ????? 1975
- ^
???? ???
,
????? ???????: ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? "????? ??????"
,
?????
, 27 ?????? 1987
- ^
??? ??????, ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ????,
??? ????
, ?"? ???? ??"?
- ^
??? ????, ?
????? ?????? ????? ????? - ????? ?????? ????? ????????
, ????
?????
, 1 ???? 2000
- ^
????? ???? ??????? ?????, ?????? ??????? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????, 5 ??????? 2006
- ^
????? ???
?
???? ???????
,
??"? ????? ???? ??????? ?' ???? ???? ?????? ???????
, ????
????
, 14 ?????? 2009
- ^
???? ??????
,
????????? ???? ????? - ?? ???? ?? ???"?
, ????
ynet
, 18 ??????? 2014
- ^
???? ?????? ?????
- ^
??? ?? ????? ?"????", ??? ?????
- ^
????? ?????, ?
????: ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???"? - ???? ?????? ?????? ??????
, ????
?????
, 25 ?????? 2005
- ^
?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? "?????"
,
?????
, 8 ?????? 1982
- ^
????? ??
,
?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????
,
?????
, 15 ??????? 1989
- ^
??? ????
???? ??????
- ^
?????? ???,
???? ????? ?????? "???????"
, ????
???? 7
, 18 ???????? 2010
- ^
???? ????-????: ??????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????, ??????? ?????
, ????
?????
, 13 ?????? 1995.
- ^
???? ????
?
??? ?????
,
9 ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????
, ????
????
, 18 ????? 2005
12 ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ????????
, ????
?????
, 17 ????? 2005
- ^
??? ???????,
????: ????? ?????"? ?? ???? ?????? ?????
, ????
ynet
, 18 ????? 2005
?????? ????? ??? ????: "??? ???? ?????"
, ????
?????
, 29 ????? 2005
- ^
??? ???????,
??? ???????: ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????
, ????
ynet
, 27 ????? 2005
- ^
???? ????
,
???????? ?? ????? ?????
, ????
????
, 28 ????? 2005
- ^
???? ????,
'????? ????? ?????? ?????'
, ????
???? 7
, 11 ??????? 2007.
- ^
????: ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? - ???????
, ????
?????
, 25 ?????? 2005.
- ^
??? ????? ???? 2, ?
???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???"?
, ????
?????
, 19 ?????? 2009
- ^
????? ????? ???
,
?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? - ?? ??????
, ????
nrg
, 25 ????? 2017
- ^
??? ????? ????? ????????,
??? ?? ?????
, "
?????? ???????
", 18 ??????? 2009
- ^
???? ????, ?
?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????: ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????
, ??????
???? ?????
, 4 ???? 2023
- ^
?????? ????? - ???? ??? ?????? ????
,
?????
, 9 ?????? 1976
- ^
??? ????? ??????
- ^
??? ?????
,
?? ?? ?????-?? ????
, ????
????
, 01 ???? 2006
- ^
??? ????? ????? ????
- ^
???? ???
,
??? ?????-?"?
, ????
???? 7
, 05 ???????? 2008
- ^
?????? ??????,
??? ???? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????
, ????
???? 7
, 12 ?????? 2022