???????

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???????? ?????????? ?????????????? , intensive care medicine, ??????   উইকিউপাত্তে এটি সম্পাদনা করুন

??????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????, ??? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???? [?] [?] ????????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ??????????? ??? ????: ??????? , ??????? , ?????????????? , ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ? [?] ??? ???? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ???, ?????? ???????? ???????, ??????? ?? ???????????????????? ; ??? ????-??????? ?? ???????????? [?] [?] ??? ???????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???, ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? [?] ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ???? ??? ??????????? ??: ???? ??????, ???? ????, ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ?? ? ???? ???????? [?] [?] ?????? ??????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????????????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????????????????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? [?]

????? ??? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? [?] ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ? ????????? ???? ?????????? [?] [?] ????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ????, ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ????: ????????????????????? , ?????????? , ??????????? ? ??? ?????? ?????????????????????? ???????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? [?] ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???: ???????-????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? [?] ???????-????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? ???: ???????? (??????? ? ???????? ?????) ? ???????????? (????????? ????????? ???? ?????)? [?] ?????????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??????????? ??: ??????? ????, ??????? ? ??????? ? ? [?] ???????????? , ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? [?] ???? ?????????? ???? ???-?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? [?] ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ?? ??????????????? ???????? ? ???????????? ???????? ? [?] [?] ?????? ???????? ????? ???????, ?????? ? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? [??]

?????? ????? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? [??] ????????? ?????, ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ??????? ??? ????? ????, [?] ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? [??] ??? ??? ? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???, ?? ??????? ????? ???? [??] ?????????? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????????????????????? ??????? ?????? -?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? [??] ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????, ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???, ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????, ?? ????? ??????? ???? [??] [??] ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? [??] ????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? [??] ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????, ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? [??] ?? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? , ?????? ????????? , ????????? ?????????? ???? ???, ??? ???? ???? ???????? ???? [??] [??] ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????????????????????? ??????? ?????? ???? [??] ?????????? ???????????? ??????????? ??: ????? ????????????? ????? ???, [??] ??????? ????? ???, ?????? ????????? ???????, ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ? [??]

2010 ???? ?????? 925 ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????????, ?? 1990 ????? ?? ???? 80 ??????? ?????? ????????? [??] [??] ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? [??] 2010 ???? ???????-????? ???????? ????? in 600,000 ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ???, ?? ???????? 1990 ???? 883,000 ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????????? [??] ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? 84,000 ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? [??] 2010 ???? ????????????? ????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ????? 1.4% ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ????? [??] [??] ??????????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ???, ??? ???????????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? [?] ?????? ??? ??????? 2010 ???? ???? ? ??????? ????? ?????? 1.5 ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???, [??] ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? 3 ????????? ???? ??? ????? [??] ?????? ????? ??? ???????? 165 ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? [??] ?????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? [??]

????????? [ ???????? ]

  1. ↑ ???????????? ?????????????? ??????? " malnutrition "
  2. ↑ ? ? ? ? ? ? Facts for life (??????) (4th ed. ???????)? New York: United Nations Children's Fund- UNICEF? ????? ?????? 61 and 75? ????????   978-92-806-4466-1 ? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? (??????) ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?  
  3. ↑ ? ? ? ? ? Young, E.M. (????)? Food and development ? Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge? ?????? 36?38? ????????   9781135999414 ?  
  4. ↑ ? ? Essentials of International Health ? Jones & Bartlett Publishers? ????? ?????? 194? ????????   9781449667719 ?  
  5. ↑ ? ? ? ? "Maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health" ? WHO ? ???????? ????? ? ????? ???? ?  
  6. ↑ Konje, editor, Mala Arora ; co-editor, Justin C. (????)? Recurrent pregnancy loss (2nd ed. ???????)? New Delhi: Jaypee Bros. Medical Publishers? ????????   9788184480061 ?  
  7. ↑ "Progress For Children: A Report Card On Nutrition" (??????) ? UNICEF? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? (??????) ???? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?  
  8. ↑ Prentice, editor-in-chief, Benjamin Caballero ; editors, Lindsay Allen, Andrew (????)? Encyclopedia of human nutrition (2nd ed. ???????)? Amsterdam: Elsevier/Academic Press? ?????? 68? ????????   9780080454283 ?  
  9. ↑ Stoelting's anesthesia and co-existing disease (6th ed. ???????)? Philadelphia: Saunders/Elsevier? ????? ?????? 324? ????????   9781455738120 ?  
  10. ↑ editors, Ronnie A. Rosenthal, Michael E. Zenilman, Mark R. Katlic, (????)? Principles and practice of geriatric surgery (2nd ed. ???????)? Berlin: Springer? ?????? 78? ????????   9781441969996 ?  
  11. ↑ ? ? ? ? ? ? "An update of 'The Neglected Crisis of Undernutrition: Evidence for Action ' " (??????) ? www.gov.uk ? Department for International Development? ????? ???? ? ???????? ????? ? ????? ???? ?  
  12. ↑ ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Bhutta, ZA; Das, JK; Rizvi, A; Gaffey, MF; Walker, N; Horton, S; Webb, P; Lartey, A; Black, RE; Lancet Nutrition Interventions Review, Group; Maternal and Child Nutrition Study, Group (????? ?, ????)? "Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost?"? Lancet ? 382 (9890): 452?77? ????? : 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)60996-4 ? ????????   23746776 ?  
  13. ↑ "World Food Programme, Cash and Vouchers for Food" (??????) ? WFP.org ? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ????? ? ????? ???? ?  
  14. ↑ ? ? Guidelines for the inpatient treatment of severely malnourished children ? Geneva: World Health Organization? ????? ????????   9241546093 ?  
  15. ↑ Jonathan A. Foley, Navin Ramankutty, Kate A. Brauman, Emily S. Cassidy, James S. Gerber, Matt Johnston, Nathaniel D. Mueller, Christine O’Connell, Deepak K. Ray, Paul C. West, Christian Balzer, Elena M. Bennett, Stephen R. Carpenter, Jason Hill1, Chad Monfreda, Stephen Polasky1, Johan Rockstrom, John Sheehan, Stefan Siebert, David Tilman1, David P. M. Zaks (??????? ????)? "Solutions for a cultivated planet" ? Nature ? 478 (7369): 337?342? ????? : 10.1038/nature10452 ? ????????   21993620 ?  
  16. ↑ "Global hunger declining, but still unacceptably high International hunger targets difficult to reach" (??????) ? Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ? ?????????? ???? ? ???????? ????? ? ????? ???? ?  
  17. ↑ Food; (FAO), Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (????)? The state of food insecurity in the world, 2008 : high food prices and food security : threats and opportunities ? Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)? ?????? 2? ????????   978-92-5-106049-0 ? FAO’s most recent estimates put the number of hungry [actually, malnourished] people at 923 million in 2007, an increase of more than 80 million since the 1990?92 base period.  
  18. ↑ ? ? Lozano R, Naghavi M, Foreman K; ? ???????? (???????? ????)? "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010"? Lancet ? 380 (9859): 2095?128? ????? : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0 ? ????????   23245604 ?  
  19. ↑ Murray, CJ (???? ??, ????)? "Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010."? Lancet ? 380 (9859): 2197?223? ????? : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61689-4 ? ????????   23245608 ?  
  20. ↑ Lim SS, Vos T, Flaxman AD; ? ???????? (???????? ????)? "A comparative risk assessment of burden of disease and injury attributable to 67 risk factors and risk factor clusters in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010"? Lancet ? 380 (9859): 2224?60? ????? : 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61766-8 ? ????????   23245609 ?  
  21. ↑ Liz Young (????)? World Hunger Routledge Introductions to Development ? ?????? 20? ????????   9781134774944 ?  
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