??????

?????? ( ?????? : Tehran ; ?????? : ????? ? Tehr?n , ????:IPA-fa ) ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ? ????? ??? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????, ^[1] ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? , ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????, ??? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ^[2] ??????? ??? ?, ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????? ^[3] ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????, ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????

???? ??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????-?????????? ????? ? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????, ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????????? ???????

????? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ???, ?????????? ??? ??????????, ?'????? , ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???????????? ????? ???, ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????????? ^[4]

?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ????? , ??????? ??? ? ?? ???????????, ??? ????? ????? , ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ^[5]

??????? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????????-???? ??? , ^[6]^[7] ??? ?????? ??% ????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???; ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???, ???? ???????????? , ??????????? , ????? , ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???? ^[8]

??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??????????????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ????, ????????? ????? ?????? , ?????? ?????' ? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???'????? ??? ?? ?????? ???????, ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????

??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ????; ????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ^[9] ???'??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ???? ^[10]

???? ?????? [ ???????? ??? ]

↑ Excluding the population of the city Karaj
↑ "World's largest urban areas in 2006 (1)" . City Mayors . http://www.citymayors.com/statistics/urban_2006_1.html ? ???? ??? ????: 2010-09-25 .
↑ George Erdosy, "The Indo-Aryans of ancient South Asia: Language, material culture and ethnicity", Walter de Gruyter, 1995. p. 165: "Possible western place names are the following: Raya-, which is also the ancient name of Median Raga in the Achaemenid inscriptions (Darius, Bisotun 2.13: a land in Media called Raga ) and modern Rey south of Tehran"
↑ "Tehran (Iran) : Introduction ? Britannica Online Encyclopedia" . Britannica.com . http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/585619/Tehran ? ???? ??? ????: 2012-05-21 .
↑ Arch Daily: Tabiat Pedestrian Bridge / Diba Tensile Architecture , 17 Nov 2014
↑ "Chand Darsad Tehranihaa dar Tehran Bedonyaa Amadand"(How many percent of Tehranis were born in Tehran)-Actual census done by the University of Tehran ? Sociology Department, accessed December, 2010 [1] [2] [3] Archived 2010-12-04 at the Wayback Machine [4] [5]
↑ Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, Peter McDonald, Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi, "The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction", Springer, 2009. pp 100?101: "The first category is 'Central' where the majority of people are Persian speaking ethnic Fars (provinces of Fars, Hamedan, Isfahan, Markazi, Qazvin, Qom, Semnan, Yazd and Tehran..."
↑ Mareike Schuppe, "Coping with Growth in Tehran: Strategies of Development Regulation", GRIN Verlag, 2008. pp 13: "Besides Persian, there are Azari, Armenian, and Jewish communities in Tehran. The vast majority of Tehran's residents are Persian-speaking (98.3%)"
↑ http://finance.yahoo.com/news/iranian-expats-hard-woo-western-104201359.html
↑ "??????? ???" . Archived from the original on 2016-10-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161001094527/http://www.payvand.com/news/16/sep/1144.html ? ???? ??? ????: 2016-11-01 .

[1] Excluding the population of the city Karaj

[2] "World's largest urban areas in 2006 (1)" . City Mayors . http://www.citymayors.com/statistics/urban_2006_1.html ? ???? ??? ????: 2010-09-25 .

[3] George Erdosy, "The Indo-Aryans of ancient South Asia: Language, material culture and ethnicity", Walter de Gruyter, 1995. p. 165: "Possible western place names are the following: Raya-, which is also the ancient name of Median Raga in the Achaemenid inscriptions (Darius, Bisotun 2.13: a land in Media called Raga ) and modern Rey south of Tehran"

[4] "Tehran (Iran) : Introduction ? Britannica Online Encyclopedia" . Britannica.com . http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/585619/Tehran ? ???? ??? ????: 2012-05-21 .

[archdaily.com-5] Arch Daily: Tabiat Pedestrian Bridge / Diba Tensile Architecture , 17 Nov 2014

[6] "Chand Darsad Tehranihaa dar Tehran Bedonyaa Amadand"(How many percent of Tehranis were born in Tehran)-Actual census done by the University of Tehran ? Sociology Department, accessed December, 2010 [1] [2] [3] Archived 2010-12-04 at the Wayback Machine [4] [5]

[Mohammad-7] Mohammad Jalal Abbasi-Shavazi, Peter McDonald, Meimanat Hosseini-Chavoshi, "The Fertility Transition in Iran: Revolution and Reproduction", Springer, 2009. pp 100?101: "The first category is 'Central' where the majority of people are Persian speaking ethnic Fars (provinces of Fars, Hamedan, Isfahan, Markazi, Qazvin, Qom, Semnan, Yazd and Tehran..."

[8] Mareike Schuppe, "Coping with Growth in Tehran: Strategies of Development Regulation", GRIN Verlag, 2008. pp 13: "Besides Persian, there are Azari, Armenian, and Jewish communities in Tehran. The vast majority of Tehran's residents are Persian-speaking (98.3%)"

[9] ttp://finance.yahoo.com/news/iranian-expats-hard-woo-western-104201359.html

[10] "??????? ???" . Archived from the original on 2016-10-01 . https://web.archive.org/web/20161001094527/http://www.payvand.com/news/16/sep/1144.html ? ???? ??? ????: 2016-11-01 .

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