脂?素

脂?素
已知的結構
PDB	直系同源搜索: PDBe RCSB
PDBID列表
	4DOU
識別號
?名	ADIPOQ ；, ACDC, ACRP30, ADIPQTL1, ADPN, APM-1, APM1, GBP28, adiponectin, C1Q and collagen domain containing, Adiponectin
外部ID	OMIM ： 605441 MGI ： 106675 HomoloGene ： 3525 GeneCards ： ADIPOQ
基因位置（人? ）
染色?	3號染色體
?止	186,858,463 bp
基因位置（小鼠）
染色?	小鼠16?染色?
?止	22,976,778 bp
RNA表? 模式
	??更多表??据
基因本體
分子功能	? hormone activity ; ? signaling receptor binding ; ? 細胞因子活性 ; ? sialic acid binding ; ? protein homodimerization activity ; ? 血?蛋白?合 ; ? 相同蛋白??合 ; ? extracellular matrix structural constituent ;
細胞組分	? cell surface ; ? ??? ; ? 膠原蛋白 ; ? 細胞外空間 ; ? 細胞外區域 ; ? 大分子?合? ; ? collagen-containing extracellular matrix ;
生物學過程	? positive regulation of glucose import ; ? positive regulation of protein phosphorylation ; ? negative regulation of receptor binding ; ? low-density lipoprotein particle clearance ; ? negative regulation of blood pressure ; ? negative regulation of macrophage differentiation ; ? negative regulation of synaptic transmission ; ? generation of precursor metabolites and energy ; ? cellular response to epinephrine stimulus ; ? negative regulation of gluconeogenesis ; ? regulation of glucose metabolic process ; ? ?夜?律 ; ? fatty acid oxidation ; ? positive regulation of interleukin-8 production ; ? glucose metabolic process ; ? protein heterotrimerization ; ? negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion ; ? response to ethanol ; ? negative regulation of inflammatory response ; ? cellular response to cAMP ; ? positive regulation of protein kinase A signaling ; ? negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathway ; ? positive regulation of signal transduction ; ? positive regulation of protein metabolic process ; ? negative regulation of fat cell differentiation ; ? response to linoleic acid ; ? detection of oxidative stress ; ? glucose homeostasis ; ? adiponectin-activated signaling pathway ; ? response to tumor necrosis factor ; ? positive regulation of blood pressure ; ? response to nutrient levels ; ? positive regulation of cholesterol efflux ; ? negative regulation of MAP kinase activity ; ? cellular response to insulin stimulus ; ? positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation ; ? fatty acid beta-oxidation ; ? 腫瘤壞死因子?生的負調控 ; ? protein localization to plasma membrane ; ? negative regulation of hormone secretion ; ? protein homooligomerization ; ? response to sucrose ; ? positive regulation of metanephric glomerular visceral epithelial cell development ; ? positive regulation of renal albumin absorption ; ? negative regulation of granulocyte differentiation ; ? response to nutrient ; ? negative regulation of protein autophosphorylation ; ? negative regulation of intracellular protein transport ; ? membrane depolarization ; ? response to glucose ; ? positive regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process ; ? negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling ; ? negative regulation of metanephric mesenchymal cell migration ; ? negative regulation of cell migration ; ? positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process ; ? brown fat cell differentiation ; ? positive regulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity ; ? positive regulation of glycogen (starch) synthase activity ; ? negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated ; ? negative regulation of DNA biosynthetic process ; ? positive regulation of protein kinase activity ; ? response to hypoxia ; ? negative regulation of phagocytosis ; ? membrane hyperpolarization ; ? negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway ; ? positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production ; ? response to glucocorticoid ; ? response to activity ; ? negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha signaling pathway ; ? positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling ; ? negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade ; ? negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation ; ? regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process ; ? regulation of signaling receptor activity ; ? negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation ; ? negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration ; ? response to bacterium ; ? positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ; ? negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis ; ? 訊息傳遞 ;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
直系同源
	9370
	11450
	ENSG00000181092
	ENSMUSG00000022878
	Q15848
	Q60994
	NM_001177800 ; ?NM_004797
	NM_009605
	NP_001171271 ; ?NP_004788
	NP_033735
	維基數據
檢視/編輯人類	檢視/編輯小鼠

脂?蛋白 （英語： adiponectin ，亦?? 脂?素 ）是一?主要由脂肪?胞分泌的蛋白?激素，由ADIPOQ基因所?? ^[5]，含244? ?基酸。成人??的脂?素水平?脂肪?量?相? ^{[來源請求]}。

?? [ ?? ]

脂?素包含244??基酸，可分?4???域。?其N端起算，第一?是使其定位于?胞外的信?序列，第二??域?短且在物??高度??，第三?65??基酸的?域? 膠原蛋白相似，最后一?是脂?素的球???域。?的上看，?一蛋白? ?? 片段 C1q （英? ： C1q ）相似。其中球???域的三???已??定，??上? TNFα 非常相似，但在?基酸序列上却差?巨大 ^[6]。

受? [ ?? ]

脂?素可??? 受? ?合，??受?? G蛋白偶?受? 有同源性，一??于 ?粘蛋白家族 ^[7]^[8]：

脂?素受?1 ? ADIPOR1
脂?素受?2 ? ADIPOR2
T-cadherin - CDH13 （英? ： T-cadherin ）

?些受?影?下游?? AMP激? （英? ： AMP-activated protein kinase ） ,?是一?重要的?胞代?率控制点。受?的表????素水平相?，?且在糖尿病小鼠模型中降低，特?是在骨?肌和脂肪??中 ^[9]^[10]。

?考文? [ ?? ]

^ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000181092 - Ensembl , May 2017
^ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022878 - Ensembl , May 2017
^ Human PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Mouse PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
^ Maeda K, Okubo K, Shimomura I, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Matsubara K. cDNA cloning and expression of a novel adipose specific collagen-like factor, apM1 (AdiPose Most abundant Gene transcript 1). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. April 1996, 221 (2): 286?9. PMID 8619847 . doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.0587 .
^ Shapiro L, Scherer PE. The crystal structure of a complement-1q family protein suggests an evolutionary link to tumor necrosis factor. Curr. Biol. March 1998, 8 (6): 335?8. PMID 9512423 . doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70133-2 .
^ Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Ito Y, Tsuchida A, Yokomizo T, Kita S, Sugiyama T, Miyagishi M, Hara K, Tsunoda M, Murakami K, Ohteki T, Uchida S, Takekawa S, Waki H, Tsuno NH, Shibata Y, Terauchi Y, Froguel P, Tobe K, Koyasu S, Taira K, Kitamura T, Shimizu T, Nagai R, Kadowaki T. Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects. Nature. 2003, 423 (6941): 762?9. PMID 12802337 . doi:10.1038/nature01705 .
^ Hug C, Wang J, Ahmad NS, Bogan JS, Tsao TS, Lodish HF. T-cadherin is a receptor for hexameric and high-molecular-weight forms of Acrp30/adiponectin . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004, 101 (28): 10308?13. PMC 478568   . PMID 15210937 . doi:10.1073/pnas.0403382101 .
^ Fang X, Sweeney G. Mechanisms regulating energy metabolism by adiponectin in obesity and diabetes. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2006, 34 (Pt 5): 798?801. PMID 17052201 . doi:10.1042/BST0340798 .
^ Bonnard C, Durand A, Vidal H, Rieusset J. Changes in adiponectin, its receptors and AMPK activity in tissues of diet-induced diabetic mice. Diabetes Metab. 2008, 34 (1): 52?61. PMID 18222103 . doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2007.09.006 .

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000181092 - Ensembl , May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000022878 - Ensembl , May 2017

[3] Human PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] Mouse PubMed Reference: . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid8619847-5] Maeda K, Okubo K, Shimomura I, Funahashi T, Matsuzawa Y, Matsubara K. cDNA cloning and expression of a novel adipose specific collagen-like factor, apM1 (AdiPose Most abundant Gene transcript 1). Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. April 1996, 221 (2): 286?9. PMID 8619847 . doi:10.1006/bbrc.1996.0587 .

[pmid9512423-6] Shapiro L, Scherer PE. The crystal structure of a complement-1q family protein suggests an evolutionary link to tumor necrosis factor. Curr. Biol. March 1998, 8 (6): 335?8. PMID 9512423 . doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(98)70133-2 .

[pmid12802337-7] Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Ito Y, Tsuchida A, Yokomizo T, Kita S, Sugiyama T, Miyagishi M, Hara K, Tsunoda M, Murakami K, Ohteki T, Uchida S, Takekawa S, Waki H, Tsuno NH, Shibata Y, Terauchi Y, Froguel P, Tobe K, Koyasu S, Taira K, Kitamura T, Shimizu T, Nagai R, Kadowaki T. Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects. Nature. 2003, 423 (6941): 762?9. PMID 12802337 . doi:10.1038/nature01705 .

[pmid15210937-8] Hug C, Wang J, Ahmad NS, Bogan JS, Tsao TS, Lodish HF. T-cadherin is a receptor for hexameric and high-molecular-weight forms of Acrp30/adiponectin . Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2004, 101 (28): 10308?13. PMC 478568   . PMID 15210937 . doi:10.1073/pnas.0403382101 .

[pmid17052201-9] Fang X, Sweeney G. Mechanisms regulating energy metabolism by adiponectin in obesity and diabetes. Biochem. Soc. Trans. 2006, 34 (Pt 5): 798?801. PMID 17052201 . doi:10.1042/BST0340798 .

[pmid18222103-10] Bonnard C, Durand A, Vidal H, Rieusset J. Changes in adiponectin, its receptors and AMPK activity in tissues of diet-induced diabetic mice. Diabetes Metab. 2008, 34 (1): 52?61. PMID 18222103 . doi:10.1016/j.diabet.2007.09.006 .

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