?奏

?奏（英語： Rhythm ）是一?由一定速度的 ?拍以及不同?短的音? 和不同高低的音??合在一起的東西。例如，2/2拍就是强/弱，也就是我?常?到的“?恰”，那?3/4拍是强/弱/弱，也就是“?恰恰”，我?常?到的大部分 ?舞曲皆?3/4拍，4/4拍是强/弱/次强/次弱。?奏可以?立被欣?，例如?鼓演奏。?奏也可以成?旋律音?的骨架。

節奏的組成:

1.模式的規則與不規則 2.聲音的長短 3.聲音的?弱 4.聲音的有無

1/2拍: ta
1/4拍: ti

參考文獻 [ ?? ]

Agawu, Kofi. 2003. Representing African Music: Postcolonial Notes, Queries, Positions . New York: Routledge.
Anon. The Compact Edition of the Oxford English Dictionary II . Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1971.
April 30, 2009. " Parrots have got rhythm, studies find ", World-Science.net .
Berry, Wallace (1987). Structural Functions in Music , second edition. New York: Dover Publications. ISBN 978-0-486-25384-8 .
Chernoff, John Miller (1979). African Rhythm and African Sensibility: Aesthetic and Social Action in African Musical Idioms . Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Cooper, Paul (1973). Perspectives in Music Theory: An Historical-Analytical Approach . New York: Dodd, Mead. ISBN 0-396-06752-2 .
Covaciu-Pogorilowski, Andrei. n.d. " Musical Time Theory and A Manifesto ". Self-published online (accessed 1 August 2014).
Fitch, W. Tecumseh, and Andrew J. Rosenfeld (2007). "Perception and Production of Syncopated Rhythms". Music Perception , Vol. 25, Issue 1, pp. 43?58. ISSN 0730-7829.
Fraisse, Paul (1956). Les Structures Rhythmiques , with a preface by A. Michotte. Studia Psychologica. Louvain: Publications Universitaires; Paris and Brussels: Edition Erasme; Antwerp and Amsterdam: Standaard Boekhandel.
Forney, Kristine, and Joseph Machlis. 2007. The Enjoyment of Music , tenth edition. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. ISBN 978-0-393-17423-6 .
Goodall, Howard (presenter). 2006. How Music Works with Howard Goodall , produced by David Jeffcock. Television series, 4 episodes. Episode 2: "Rhythm" (Saturday 25 November, 6:20?7:20pm). Tiger Aspect Productions for Channel 4 Television Corporation.
Hasty, Christopher (1997). Meter as Rhythm . Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-510066-2 .
Holst, Imogen. An ABC of Music: A Short Practical Guide to the Basic Essentials of Rudiments, Harmony, and Form . Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1963.
The Imperial Society of Teachers of Dancing (1977). Ballroom Dancing . Sevenoaks, Kent: Hodder and Stoughton; New York: David McKay Co.
Jirousek, Charlotte. 1995. " Rhythm ". In An Interactive Textbook , Ithaca: Cornell University website (accessed 24 July 2014).
Jordania, Joseph . 2011. Why do People Sing? Music in Human Evolution . Tbilisi: Logos, International Research Center for Traditional Polyphony; Melbourne: The University of Melbourne, Institute of Classical Philology, Bizantyne （原文如此） and Modern Greek Studies.
Karpinski, Gary S. Aural Skills Acquisition: The Development of Listening, Reading, and Performing Skills in College-Level Musicians . Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. ISBN 978-0-19-511785-1 .
Latham, Alison. 2002. "Metre", The Oxford Companion to Music , edited by Alison Latham. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-866212-2 .
Lerdahl, Fred, and Ray Jackendoff. 1983. A Generative Theory of Tonal Music . The MIT Press Series on Cognitive Theory and Mental Representation. Cambridge: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-12094-4 ; ISBN 978-0-262-62107-6 ; ISBN 978-0-262-62049-9 .
Lester, Joel. The Rhythms of Tonal Music . Hillsdale, NY: Pendragon Press, 1986. ISBN 978-0-8093-1282-5 .
Liddell, Henry George, and Robert Scott. " ?υθμ?? ", in A Greek-English Lexicon , revised edition, combining the text of the ninth edition with an extensively revised and expanded Supplement. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. Online, Perseus Project
London, Justin (2004). Hearing in Time: Psychological Aspects of Musical Meter . Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-516081-9 .
MacPherson, Stewart, Form in Music , London: Joseph Williams, 1930.
Middleton, Richard (1990). Studying Popular Music . Philadelphia: Open University Press. ISBN 0-335-15275-9 .
Mithen, Steven . The Singing Neanderthals: The Origins of Music, Language, Mind and Body. (PDF) . London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. 2005 [ 2018-01-17 ] . ISBN 0-297-64317-7 . （原始?容 (PDF) 存?于2020-11-09）.
Moravcsik, Michael J. (2002). Musical Sound: An Introduction to the Physics of Music . New York: Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers. ISBN 978-0-306-46710-3 .
Narmour, Eugene. Beyond Schenkerism: The Need for Alternatives in Music Analysis . Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press, 1977. Phoenix paperback edition 1980. ISBN 978-0-226-56847-8 (cloth); ISBN 978-0-226-56848-5 (paperback).
Patel, Aniruddh D. Musical Rhythm, Linguistic Rhythm, and Human Evolution. Music Perception (Berkeley, California: University of California Press). 2006, 1 (24): 99?104. ISSN 0730-7829 .
Patel, Aniruddh D. The Evolutionary Biology of Musical Rhythm: Was Darwin Wrong?. PLoS Biol. 2014, 12 (3 (25 March )): e1001821. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001821 .
Percival, Harold W. Thinking and Destiny. The Word Foundation, Inc. 1946. ISBN 978-0-911650-06-8 .
Pieslak, Jonathan (2009). Sound Targets: American Soldiers and Music in the Iraq War . Bloomington and London: Indiana University Press.
Roads, Curtis (2001). Microsound . Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-18215-7 ; ISBN 978-0-262-68154-4
Rothstein, William (1989). Phrase Rhythm in Tonal Music . New York: Schirmer Books. ISBN 9780028721910 .
Sacks, Oliver . Keeping Time: Rhythm and Movement. Musicophilia, Tales of Music and the Brain . New York and Toronto: Alfred A. Knopf. 2007. ISBN 978-1-4000-4081-0 . ^[
???求
]
Sandow, Greg (2004). "A Fine Madness". In The Pleasure of Modernist Music: Listening, Meaning, Intention, Ideology , edited by Arved Mark Ashby, 253?58. ISBN 1-58046-143-3 . Reprinted from The Village Voice (16 March 1982).
Scholes, Percy (1977a). "Form", in The Oxford Companion to Music , 6th corrected reprint of the 10th ed. (1970), revised and reset, edited by John Owen Ward. London and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-311306-6 .
Scholes, Percy (1977b). "Metre", in The Oxford Companion to Music , 6th corrected reprint of the 10th ed. (1970), revised and reset, edited by John Owen Ward. London and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-311306-6 .
Scholes, Percy (1977c). "Rhythm", in The Oxford Companion to Music , 6th corrected reprint of the 10th ed. (1970), revised and reset, edited by John Owen Ward. London and New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-311306-6 .
Slatkin, Leonard. n.d. " Discovering Music: Rhythm with Leonard Slatkin " .
Toussaint, Godfried T., “The Geometry of Musical Rhythm,” In J. Akiyama, M. Kano, and X. Tan, editors, Proceedings of the Japan Conference on Discrete and Computational Geometry , Vol. 3742, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, 2005, pp. 198?212.
White, John D. (1976). The Analysis of Music . Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-033233-X .
Winold, Allen (1975). "Rhythm in Twentieth-Century Music". In Aspects of Twentieth-Century Music , edited by Gary Wittlich, pp. 208-269. Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. ISBN 0-13-049346-5 .
Woodrow, Herbert. "Time Perception". In A Handbook of Experimental Psychology , edited by Stanley Smith Stevens, ^[
???求
]. New York: Wiley, 1951.
Yeston, Maury. 1976. The Stratification of Musical Rhythm . New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-01884-3 .

延伸閱讀 [ ?? ]

Honing, H. Structure and interpretation of rhythm and timing . Tijdschrift voor Muziektheorie [Dutch Journal of Music Theory]. 2002, 7 (3): 227?232 [ 2018-01-17 ] . （原始?容存?于2012-12-08）.
Humble, M. (2002). The Development of Rhythmic Organization in Indian Classical Music （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ）, MA dissertation, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London.
Lewis, Andrew (2005). Rhythm?What it is and How to Improve Your Sense of It . San Francisco: RhythmSource Archive.is 的存? ，存?日期2012-12-08 Press. ISBN 978-0-9754667-0-4 .
Williams, C. F. A., The Aristoxenian Theory of Musical Rhythm , (Cambridge Library Collection?Music), Cambridge University Press; first edition, 2009.

?看 [ ?? ]

音? : 旋律

外部連結 [ ?? ]

?是一篇與音? 相關的小作品。?可以通? ??或修? ?充其?容。