伊万 (建筑)

伊万（波斯語： ????? ‎，拉丁??：eyv?n；阿拉伯?： ????? ‎；Iwan、ivan；土耳其?：eyvan ^[1]^[2]）是波斯和伊斯?建筑中常?的一??方形、?有拱?的空?，三面??，一面?放。?由波斯人?明，3世??在 ?提?帝? 治下?到成熟。在波斯?中伊万的入口門面又?“ 皮西塔克 ”（pishtaq）。其上常?有繁?的?何花?和伊斯??法 ^[3]^[4]。伊万的大小和形??不完全固定。

?考文? [ ?? ]

^ Wright (1992) , p. 508
^ Boas (2010) , p. 366
^ Dictionary of Islamic architecture: Pishtaq （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ） archnet.org.
^ Pishtaq （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ） Britannica .

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外部?接 [ ?? ]

Oxford Art Online on Iwans （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ）
Columbia’s Archive of Islamic Architecture （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ）
Columbia’s Archive of Ancient Architecture （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ）
UCSJ Tutorial on Islamic Architecture
Sheila Blair’s Islamic Arts

[Wright508-1] Wright (1992) , p. 508

[Boas266-2] Boas (2010) , p. 366

[3] Dictionary of Islamic architecture: Pishtaq （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ） archnet.org.

[4] Pishtaq （ ?面存??? ，存于互???案? ） Britannica .

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