?????????? ????

?????????? (?????????:Protestantism) ???? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ? ????? ????????? ?????? 800 ????????? 1 ??????????? ???????????? ???? ?????? ???????????????? ????????% 37 ? ???. ^[1] ?? 16-????????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????? ? ????? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ???????. ^[2] ????????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ??? ?????. ????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ? ????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ? ??????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???????? (???????? ??????? ????? ?????) ??????????. ^[3].

?????????? ???? ????????? 1517-???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? (???????: Indulgentias) ??????? ?????-????? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ???????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ^[4] ???????? ???????? ? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? 1529-???? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????. ^[5] ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ????? ????? ? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????????? ??????? ? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????. ^[6] ????????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ? ??????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ?????. ^[7] ???????????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?????????? ????????????????? ????????: ????????????? ? ?????????????? ? ??????????? ? ?????????? ? ????????????? ? ???????? ? ?????????? ?? ???????????????. ?????? ? ??? ??????? ? ???????? ? ???????? ?? ????? ????????? ???????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????. ^[8]. ??? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ???????.

?????????? [ ????????? ]

↑ "Pewforum: Grobal Christianity" (PDF) . Archived from the original on 1 November 2013 . Retrieved 14 May 2014 . CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown ( link )
↑ "Protestant ? Definition of Protestant in English by Oxford Dictionaries" . Oxford Dictionaries ? English . Archived from the original on 2016-09-02 . Retrieved 2020-03-06 .
↑ Faithful, George (2014). Mothering the Fatherland: A Protestant Sisterhood Repents for the Holocaust . Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199363476 – via Google Books.
↑ Dixon, C. Scott (16 July 2010). Protestants: A History from Wittenberg to Pennsylvania 1517?1740 . John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444328110 – via Google Books.
↑ Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (1974) art. "Speyer (Spires), Diets of"
↑ Watson, James (24 June 2014). Religious Thoughts . iUniverse. ISBN 9781491737590 – via Google Books.
↑ Karl Heussi, Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte , 11. Auflage (1956), Tubingen (Germany), pp. 317?319, 325?326
↑ World Council of Churches: Evangelical churches : "Evangelical churches have grown exponentially in the second half of the 20th century and continue to show great vitality, especially in the global South. This resurgence may in part be explained by the phenomenal growth of Pentecostalism and the emergence of the charismatic movement, which are closely associated with evangelicalism. However, there can be no doubt that the evangelical tradition "per se" has become one of the major components of world Christianity. Evangelicals also constitute sizable minorities in the traditional Protestant and Anglican churches. In regions like Africa and Latin America, the boundaries between "evangelical" and "mainline" are rapidly changing and giving way to new ecclesial realities."

[pewforum1-1] "Pewforum: Grobal Christianity" (PDF) . Archived from the original on 1 November 2013 . Retrieved 14 May 2014 . CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown ( link )

[2] "Protestant ? Definition of Protestant in English by Oxford Dictionaries" . Oxford Dictionaries ? English . Archived from the original on 2016-09-02 . Retrieved 2020-03-06 .

[3] Faithful, George (2014). Mothering the Fatherland: A Protestant Sisterhood Repents for the Holocaust . Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199363476 – via Google Books.

[4] Dixon, C. Scott (16 July 2010). Protestants: A History from Wittenberg to Pennsylvania 1517?1740 . John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9781444328110 – via Google Books.

[5] Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (1974) art. "Speyer (Spires), Diets of"

[6] Watson, James (24 June 2014). Religious Thoughts . iUniverse. ISBN 9781491737590 – via Google Books.

[Karl_Heussi_1956_pp._317–319-7] Karl Heussi, Kompendium der Kirchengeschichte , 11. Auflage (1956), Tubingen (Germany), pp. 317?319, 325?326

[8] World Council of Churches: Evangelical churches : "Evangelical churches have grown exponentially in the second half of the 20th century and continue to show great vitality, especially in the global South. This resurgence may in part be explained by the phenomenal growth of Pentecostalism and the emergence of the charismatic movement, which are closely associated with evangelicalism. However, there can be no doubt that the evangelical tradition "per se" has become one of the major components of world Christianity. Evangelicals also constitute sizable minorities in the traditional Protestant and Anglican churches. In regions like Africa and Latin America, the boundaries between "evangelical" and "mainline" are rapidly changing and giving way to new ecclesial realities."

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