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Portrait by Christoph Bernhard Francke
????	1 July 1646 Leipzig , Electorate of Saxony , Holy Roman Empire
????	1716 ?????? 14 (1716-11-14) (???? 70) Hanover , Electorate of Hanover , Holy Roman Empire
??????	German
????	17th- / 18th-century philosophy
???????	Western philosophy
???? ??????? ????????	Rationalism
?????? ?????????	Mathematics , physics , geology , medicine , biology , embryology , epidemiology , veterinary medicine , paleontology , psychology , engineering , linguistics , philology , sociology , metaphysics , ethics , economics , diplomacy , history , politics , music theory , poetry , logic , theodicy , universal language , universal science
???????? ???????? ???????	Calculus Monads Best of all possible worlds Pre-established harmony Identity of indiscernibles Matrix (mathematics) Leibniz integral rule Principle of sufficient reason Notation for differentiation Product rule Vis viva Boolean algebra Salva veritate Stepped reckoner Symbolic logic Semiotics Analysis situs Law of Continuity Transcendental law of homogeneity Ars combinatoria Calculus ratiocinator Leibniz's notation Characteristica universalis Problem of why there is anything at all Pluralistic idealism Metaphysical dynamism Apperception
??????????? Scholasticism , Suarez , Descartes , Hobbes , Malebranche , Spinoza , Bossuet , Pascal , Confucius
??????????????? Berkeley , Platner , Voltaire , Hume , Kant , Russell , Wiener , Godel , Riemann , Gauss , Lagrange , Euler , Heidegger , Peirce , Benoit Mandelbrot , Wundt , Frege , Rescher
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?????????? ???????? (????) ???????? (/ la?bn?ts /; [5] ??????: [??tf?iːt v?lh?lm f?n la?bn?ts] [????] [la?pn?ts]; [7] ???????: ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ( 1646 ???? 1  - 1716 ?????? 14 )  ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????????????, ?????????.  ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???????????? ????????? ??????. ??? 1685 ?? ?? ???????? ???????????????, ???????? ????????? ???????????. ??? ???? ??????????   ????????? ???????? ????? ????????  ??? ????????.  ????????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??????.