???????? ???
|
River
|
???????
|
???????
,
???????????
,
??????????,
???????
,
??????????,
????????
,
?????????
,
?????????,
????????
,
?????????
|
|
????????
|
?????
,
???????????,
???????????,
??????,
???????
,
????????????,
??????,
????????????,
?????????????,
???????,
????????,
??????,
??????????
,
????????,
?????????,
?????????? ??????-????????
|
|
|
Primary source
|
??????
|
- ????????
|
??????????????
,
?????????
,
???????
|
- ??????
|
1,078
??
(3,537
???
)
|
- ?????
|
|
Secondary source
|
????????
|
- location
|
????? ?????????
,
?????????
,
???????
|
- ??????
|
940
??
(3,084
???
)
|
- ?????
|
|
Source confluence
|
|
- location
|
???????????????
|
????????
|
?????????? ????????
|
|
?????
|
2,860
????
(1,777
????
)
|
Depth
|
1?8
??
(?25
???
)
|
????????
|
8,17,000
????²
(3,15,445
?.????
)
|
Discharge
|
for
?????????? ??????????????
|
- ??????
|
|
Discharge elsewhere (average)
|
- ?????
|
30????, ???????? ??????
|
-
???????
|
|
- ????????????
|
|
-
??????????
|
|
|
???????? ??????????? ????????? ??????
|
????????
(Danube)
(
DAN
-ewb
,
???? ????????? ??????? ??????????
) ????????????????. ??? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????. ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??????, ??????? ??????????? ????????????. ??? ??????????? ???? ????????????? ???????, ???????? (
Brigach
), ?????? (
Breg
) ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????????. ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???????????. ???? ???,
???????
?????? 2850 ???? (1771 ???????) ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????,
?????????
,
?????????
???? ???????????? ???????? ?????????????????
???????????
?????????.
??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????. ??????????, ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???, ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????, ?????????????? ??? ???????? ????????????. ??????????,
???????
,
???????????
,
????????????
,
???????
,
??????????
,
????????
,
?????????
,
?????????
,
????????
,
?????????
????????????. ?????????, ???? ????????
???????
,
???????
,
???????????????
,
???? ????????
,
??????????
,
???????????? ??????????????
,
????????????
,
??????????? ????????
,
?????????
???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????????????.???????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ?????????????????? ????????????. ??? ?????????, ???????, ??????, ????????, ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????????????? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????????????. ??? ??????, ????, ??????, ???????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?????. ???????? ?????????????? ??????? ????????????????? ???? ????????????? ??????????. ???????? ???????? ????????, ???? ???????????? ?????? ???????????.
?????????? ????????????????
[
????
]
???? ????????
??????? ????????
??????????- ????????
????????
*????
????? ???????? ??????? ??????????. ??? ?????????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????????
????????
, ??????/
??????
,
???? ???
,
????????
,
?????????
,
????????????
,
??????
?????? ?????????. ????? ??? ??????????????? ???? ???????
???????
?????? ''
??????????
????? ???????????.
??????
????????,
????
????? ????
???
????? ???????? ????????. ????? ?????????,
????
?????? ????????????? ????? ??????? ????????.
????
?????
???????
?????? ????
???
????? ??????????????????:
???????????
,
??????????
??????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ??????????
?????????
,
????????????
??????
*???? ????
"??????????? ??????????",
*???? ???????-
"????????? ?????????" ?? ?????? ???????????.
[1]
(
???????????
'??????? (i?iras)
"???????") ????? ?????????? ????????? "????? ??????" ???? ??????????? ??????????????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????????? ???????
?????????
(?στρο?) ??????????.
[2]
??????? ???????? ????????,
?????????, ?????????
??????
??????
?????????? ??????????????????.
?????
/
???????
???????????, ????????? ??????????????
????????
?????? ??????????? ????????????
?????????
?????? ?????????.
[2]
??????-
???????
???????????
???????
?????.
[3]
?????????? "?????" ??????????.
[4]
????????? ????? ???????????. ?????????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?????????. ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????. ?????????????
????? (Donau)
(
?????? ????????? ???????
??????
?????, ?????
?????? ?????????.
[5]
Middle High German
Tuonowe
[6]
)????????????.
???????
???? ??????????? ???????
?????
(
-ouwe
) ????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ??????.
?????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????????????:
????????? ????
:
Donau
(
[?doːna??]
;
Romanian
:
Dun?rea
(
[?dun?re?a]
);
????????
:
Дунав,
Dunav
(
??????????:IPA-bg
);
??????????
:
Дунай,
Dunai
(
[du?n?j]
);
?????
:
Dunaj
(
Polish pronunciation:
[?d?naj]
);
??????????
:
Danubio
(
[da'nubjo]
);
?????????
:
Danubi
.
???????????????
[
????
]
??? ??????????? ???? ????????????? ???????, ???????? (
Brigach
), ?????? (
Breg
) ??????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????????. ??? ???????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???????????. ???? ???,
???????
?????? 2850 ???? (1771 ???????) ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ???????? ?????????,
?????????
,
?????????
???? ???????????? ?????????? ?????????????????
???????????
?????????.
??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????. ??????????, ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???, ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????, ?????????????? ??? ???????? ????????????. ??????????,
???????
,
???????????
,
????????????
,
???????
,
??????????
,
????????
,
?????????
,
?????????
,
????????
,
?????????
????????????.
[7]
Its
????????
extends into nine more.
???????? ?????
[
????
]
?????????, ???? ????????
???????
,
???????
,
???????????????
,
???? ????????
,
??????????
,
???????????? ??????????????
,
????????????
,
??????????? ????????
,
?????????
???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????????? ????????????.
[7]
The highest point of the drainage basin is the summit of
Piz Bernina
at the Italy?Switzerland border, at 4,049 ?????????? (13,284 ???).
[8]
???????????
[
????
]
???????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????????????? ???????????????. ?????????????? ????????? ?????????? ??????????. ???????? ???? ???????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????????. ???? ??????????? ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????:
???? ?????????? ???????????? ???????. ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????,
????????
???????????
[
????
]
- ↑
Mallory, J.P. and Victor H. Mair.
The Tarim Mummies: Ancient China and the Mystery of the Earliest Peoples from the West
. London: Thames and Hudson, 2000. p. 106.
Абаев В. И. Осетинский язык и фольклор (Ossetian language and folklore). Moscow: Publishing house of Soviet Academy of Sciences, 1949. P. 236
- ↑
2.0
2.1
Kati?i?, Radoslav
.
Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One
. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 144.
- ↑
Dyer, Robert (1974).
"Matoas, the Thraco-Phrygian name for the Danube, and the IE root *mad?"
.
Glotta
(Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (GmbH & Co. KG))
52
(1/2): 91
.
http://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/40266286?uid=3739008&uid=2&uid=4&sid=21100741675271
.
- ↑
?a?el Kos, Marjeta (2009). "Reka kot bo?anstvo ? Sava v antiki". In Barachini, Jo?ef (ed.).
Ukro?ena lepotica: Sava in njene zgodbe
(PDF)
(in Slovenian and English). Sevnica: Javni zavod za kulturo, ?port, turizem in mladinske dejavnosti. pp. 42?50.
??????????? ?????????? ???
978-961-92735-0-0
.
;
CS1 maint: unrecognized language (
link
)
- ↑
????? (Tonaw)
????????? ????????
,
?????????? (Weltbuch)
(1542),
81
.
Donaw
e.g. in Leonhard Thurneisser zum Thurn,
Pison
(1572),
186
; spelling
Donau
from the 17th century.
- ↑
Grimm,
Deutsche Grammatik
,
407
.
- ↑
7.0
7.1
"Countries of the Danube River Basin"
. International Commission for the protection of the Danube River
. ????????????? ????
2010-11-13
.
- ↑
http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/water/blanks/assessment/black.pdf
???? ??????????
[
????
]