한자로

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2008??? ????? ????????????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???? ??????????? ?????????.
???????	???????? 11, 1936 ( 1936-12-11 ) (???? 87) ?????? , ????????? , ??????????? ???????
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???????????	Government of India Atomic Energy Commission of India Bhabha Atomic Research Centre Department of Atomic Energy International Atomic Energy Agency Defence Research and Development Organisation Indian Institute of Technology University of Hyderabad
????? ???? ???????	?????? ????????????? , ?????? ???????? ?????
????????????	????????????? ?????????? ??????? ????????-II
?????????	???? ???? (1975), ???? ??????? (1999)

???. ????????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? (Rajagopala Chidambaram) ??? ?????? ??? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ????????? ?????????. ??????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????????. ????????? ?????????? ????? 1974 ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????????. ?? 1998??? ????? ????? ????? ????????????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????.

????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? '???????? ????????? ????' ???????????????? ??????? ???????. ??????????????? ????????????????????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????????????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????????? "???????????? ??????????" ???????????? ???? ?????? ????? ????????????????.

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1962??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ????????? ????????? ??????????. 1990??? ???????????? ?????????????. ^[1]

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↑ ?????? ??????? ????,1999,????????? ?????????. ??????110

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???	????????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???????????????? ??. ?????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ?????? ???. ??. ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? Chhannulal Mishra ????????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? Benode Behari Mukherjee ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??. ??. ?????????? ??. ?????? ?????? Balwant Moreshwar Purandare ????????? ???????? ???? Kaloji Narayana Rao ???????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??. ?????????? ??????????? ????? ???????????? ??. ???????? ?. ?. ????????????? ??. ??. ??????????? ????? ??????????? ????? ????????? ??. ??. ???????? ???. ??. ????????????????
????????? ??????	Bimala Prasad Chaliha Naresh Chandra ??. ???. ????????? Jayanto Nath Chaudhuri Suranjan Das Rajeshwar Dayal ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???????? ???. ???. ???? Hafiz Mohamad Ibrahim ???. ??. ???. ?????????? ???? ???? ?? Dattatraya Shridhar Joshi ??????? ???? ?????? Rai Krishnadasa ??. ??????????????? ??. ??. ???????????? Pratap Chandra Lal K. B. Lall ???? ???????? Om Prakash Mehra ????? ?????? ?????? ???. ??. ??. ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? Sardarilal Mathradas Nanda ??. ??. ????????? ????? ?????? ???? Bhairab Dutt Pande Ghananand Pande ??????????? ??????? ??. ??. ????????? C. R. Krishnaswamy Rao ?. ??. ??. ???? ??. ?. ?. ?. ???? Khusro Faramurz Rustamji ????? ?????? ????? Binay Ranjan Sen Homi Sethna ?????? ???? Harbaksh Singh Kirpal Singh ???????? ???? Tarlok Singh ?????? ??????? ???? Balaram Sivaraman Chandrika Prasad Srivastava ??. ??????????? Arun Shridhar Vaidya Dharma Vira Narinder Nath Vohra
??????????? ?????????	?????? ??????????? Jagdish Bhagwati ???????????? ???? ???? Tara Chand ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????????????? Bhabatosh Datta Avinash Dixit ????????? ???? John Kenneth Galbraith ????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ???? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? Gopinath Kaviraj ???????? ?. ???. ??. ???????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ??????? Kotha Satchidananda Murthy Giani Gurmukh Singh Musafir Basanti Dulal Nagchaudhuri ???? ???? ????? ???. ??. ???????? ??. ?????????? ??????? ??????? K. N. Raj ??????????? ????????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? Hormasji Maneckji Seervai ????????? ???????? Kalu Lal Shrimali ???????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ????? Bashir Hussain Zaidi
??????????	Jasbir Singh Bajaj B. K. Goyal Purshotam Lal ?. ?????????????? ???. ?. ???????? Autar Singh Paintal Kantilal Hastimal Sancheti ???? ??????? ??. ?????? Vithal Nagesh Shirodkar Prakash Narain Tandon Brihaspati Dev Triguna M. S. Valiathan
??????	??????????? ??????? ??. ??. ???. ?????????? ???????????????? ???? ???? ?????????? Vishwesha Teertha ????? ????????
?????? ???	???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? Adarsh Sein Anand Madhav Shrihari Aney ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ????? (???????????) Milon K. Banerji Mirza Hameedullah Beg ??. ???. ????? ???? ???????? ??. ??. ?????? ?????? ?? ??. ??. ???????? ??????? ?????????? ???? Uma Shankar Dikshit Kazi Lhendup Dorjee ?????? ??????????? P. B. Gajendragadkar Benjamin Gilman Ismail Omar Guelleh ?????? ????? ??. ???. ???????????? Jagmohan Lakshmi Chand Jain ????? ?????? Aditya Nath Jha ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? Vijay Kelkar Hans Raj Khanna ??. ??. ??? ??. ??. ???? ?. ???. ???????? ??????? ?????? ??. ??. ??????? ????? ???????????? ??????? Ajoy Mukherjee ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? Hosei Norota ???? ????????? ??. ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???? ????? Naryana Raghvan Pillai ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? Ravi Narayana Reddy ???. ??. ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ??. ?. ????? M. C. Setalvad ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? Walter Sisulu ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?. ??. ????????????? ??. ??. ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????????
?????????? ???????????	??. ?. ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ?. ?. ??. ??????? ????? ??. ????????????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??. ?????? Roddam Narasimha ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? I. G. Patel ???????????? ???????????? ??. ???. ???????? ????? ???????? ??. ???. ???? ????????? ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ????????? ???????? Man Mohan Sharma ????? ?????????? ?. ???????? M. R. Srinivasan ?????? ???????? ??. ??. ???????????
?????? ???	???? ????? Pandurang Shastri Athavale ????????? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??. ???. ????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ???? ????????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? Sister Nirmala ?????? ??????????
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???????? ??????????????	???????? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? Ashok Sekhar Ganguly Karim Al Hussaini Aga Khan ???????? ??????? ?. ???. ????? ??. ??. ?????????????? ???. ????????? Prithvi Raj Singh Oberoi ????? ???????? Prathap C. Reddy ??. ?. ??. ?????? ?????? ??????
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