1973 ??????? ?????????
(
1973 oil crisis
)
???? ??????? ???????????? ???? ????????? ???????
??????
?????????
??????? ???????? 1973??? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????????? ?????????. ??? ???? ???????? ????|???? ???????? ?????????? "?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????????.
[1]
It lasted until March 1974.
[2]
???????? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ????????, ????????? ???????, ??????????? ??????? ??????????????? ??????????? ???? ?????????????
??????
????????? ????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ??? ???????? ????????? ????????? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????????? ?????? ????????? ??????. ???? ??????? ????????????????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????. ?????? ??????????????
??????? ?????????
???? ??????? ?????????????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ???????, ??????,??????? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????????????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????? ????????????? ?????????. ????? 18, 1974 ????? ???????? ??????????????? ????????
?????? ?????????
???????? ???????????????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????????. ????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ??? ????????????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ?? 1974??? ????????????? ??? ????????. ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??? ???????????????? ?????????????.
[2]
1973 ??????? ?????????
????
| ???????? 1973
?(
???????? 1973
)
? ???????? 1974
?(
???????? 1974
)
|
---|
???? ????????
| ?????? ??????? ?????????
|
---|
??????, ????????? ????????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????????. ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ???????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????.
?????? ??????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????; ???????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ????????. ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????. (????? ?????? ????????? ?????????????.
[3]
) ????????? ????? ????????????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????.
?????? ????????? ??????????????
???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???? 1973 "??????? ???? ????????????? ", 1973-1974 ?????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????????????.
[4]
????? ????????? ??????????
????
?????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ???????.????? (OPEC) ????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????????.?????? 1974 ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ????????? $12 ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????????.
??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????. ?????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????????.
???? ????????? 1973 ??? ????? ???????? ????? ????????? ??????-???????? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ?????????,????,??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ?????????.???? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ??? "??????? ??????" ????? ????????????.
?????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????.
??? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ????????????????, ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????????.???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????.
????????? ???????????? ????? ???? ????????? ??????????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ?????????,???? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????????? ????????.
???? ??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????.?????? ????????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????????????????????.?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????????????? ??? ???????????????.
1973-74 ?????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ??? ????? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????????????????.?????? ??????????? , ??????? , ??????? , ??????????????? , ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????,???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????????????.??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????????????.??????????? ???????? ??????????? ????????????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???? ????? ??? ???????????????.
??? ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? 1974 ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????????? ??????? ????????? ???? ??????????????????????.??????? ???? ????????? 1970 ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ?????????.
???????????
????
- ↑
"???????????????????? ????"
. Archived from
the original
on 2012-06-25
. ????????????? ????
2012-04-19
.
- ↑
2.0
2.1
"Office of the Historian"
. State.gov.
Archived
from the original on ???????? 13, 2007
. ????????????? ????
September 3,
2011
.
- ↑
Barsky, R.; Kilian, L..
"Oil and the Macroeconomy Since the 1970s"
(PDF).
CEPR Discussion Paper No. 4496
1001
: 48109?1220
.
http://www.sais-jhu.edu/faculty/sandleris/Macro/Readings/R_Oil_and_the_Macroeconomy.pdf
. ??????? ????: 7 June 2010
- ↑
Perron, P.; University, Princeton; Program, Econometric Research (1988) (PDF).
The Great Crash, the Oil Price Shock and the Unit Root Hypothesis
. Econometric Research Program, Princeton University Princeton, New Jersey
.
http://www.princeton.edu/~erp/ERParchives/archivepdfs/M338.pdf
. ??????? ????: 3 February 2012
??????? ????????????
????
- Ammann, Daniel (2009).
The King of Oil: The Secret Lives of Marc Rich
. New York: St. Martin‘s Press.
??????????? ?????????? ???
978-0-312-57074-3
.
- Alan S. Blinder,
Economic Policy and the Great Stagflation
(New York: Academic Press, 1979)
- Otto Eckstein,
The Great Recession
(Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1979)
- Mark E. Rupert and David P. Rapkin, "The Erosion of U.S. Leadership Capabilities"
- Paul M. Johnson and William R. Thompson, eds.,
Rhythms in Politics and Economics
(New York: Praeger, 1985)
???? ??????????
????