Every year, the
Nobel Prizes
(
Swedish
:
Nobelpriset
) are given to people and institutions around the world. These prizes are for the study of science and for world peace. The science prizes include
Literature
,
Science
, and
Medicine
. The Nobel Prize was started by
Alfred Nobel
. His 1895 testament gave money for the Prizes. The
Nobel Foundation
now controls the money. The Foundation asks different committees or academies to decide who receives the prizes. For many people, a Nobel Prize is a very great
honor
.
[1]
People who receive a Nobel Prize are called "Nobel laureates".
Each prize winner gets a medal, a diploma and a sum of money.
[2]
In 1901, the winners of the first Nobel Prizes were given 150,782
SEK
. This is same as 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. In 2008, the winners were awarded a prize of 10,000,000 SEK.
[3]
The awards are presented in
Stockholm
, Sweden, in a ceremony on December 10. This day is the anniversary of Nobel's death...
[4]
Fairness and bias against women
change
The Nobel Prize committee has said that giving the prize to a few women is a problem while giving it to 2 or 3 women is not. It is a serious degradation to this globally well renowned award as the countless people who have devoted their life to bring about gender equality are dismissed in less than a second.
[5]
Prize categories and winners
change
These are the committees and institutions who decide which people receive a Nobel Prize:
The
Nobel Prize in Economics
was not a part of Nobel's will. It was started in 1969 by
Sveriges Riksbank
, the Bank of Sweden. The bank donated money to the Nobel Foundation for the Economics Prize in 1968. The Economics Studies Prize is in the memory of Alfred Nobel. It is awarded each year with the other Nobel prizes.
Notable Nobel laureates
change
Some people have received more than one Nobel Prize. They are:
[6]
- As a group, the
International Committee of the Red Cross
(ICRC) has received the Nobel Peace Prize three times: in 1917, 1944, and 1963. The first two prizes were given the group's work during the world wars. The third was awarded at the year of its 100-Year Anniversary.
Some families have received multiple laureates.
[6]
References and notes
change
- ↑
Nobel Prizes cannot be awarded posthumously (to people who are no longer living).
- ↑
"The Nobel Prize"
. Nobel Foundation
. Retrieved
27 November
2008
.
- ↑
"The Nobel Prize Amounts"
. Nobel Foundation. Archived from
the original
on 31 July 2008
. Retrieved
27 November
2008
.
- ↑
"The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies"
. Nobel Foundation. Archived from
the original
on 22 August 2008
. Retrieved
27 November
2008
.
- ↑
"Female Nobel prize winner deemed not important enough for Wikipedia entry"
.
the Guardian
. 2018-10-03
. Retrieved
2023-01-14
.
- ↑
6.0
6.1
Nobel Prize facts
,
nobelprize.org
, accessed 18 October 2007.
- ↑
See "
Preface"
Archived
2012-10-11 at the
Wayback Machine
,
"The Peace Prize..."
Archived
2007-12-17 at the
Wayback Machine
and
"Linus Pauling: awards, honors, and medals"
Archived
2007-02-08 at the
Wayback Machine
,
Linus Pauling and the nature of the chemical bond: a documentary history
;
Linus Pauling and the international peace movement
;
Ava Helen and Linus Pauling papers
:
Special Collections
, the Valley Library,
Oregon State University
, accessed 13 December 2007.
- ↑
They discovered the way ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are synthesized in the body.
Physiology or Medicine prize 1959
,
nobelprize.org
, accessed 14 January 2008
- ↑
Roger Kornberg studied the molecular basis of eukaryotic transcription.
Chemistry prize 2006
,
nobelprize.org
, accessed 14 January 2008
Other websites
change