????????
??? ??????? ???? ????? ?????????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????????? ????????
???????
??????. ???????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????. ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????. ??? ???????????? ?????? ???????.
????? ??????
??? ????? ???????? ???????? ??.
???????? ????????? ???
??????? ??. ?????
1895 ???????? 9 ?? ???
?????? ?????? ??????
????????
???? ???? ????????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????????
??????? ??. ?????
?????? ?????????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ??????????? ???????? ????. ??? ????????? ???? ?????
??????
?? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ??. ??????? 10?? ????? ?????? (?????????16??)
???????????????
??????? ??? ??????? 4?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??
?????????
???????? ?? ?? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ?????????? (???????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??) ???? ????
??? ???????
?? ????????? ???????? ??? ,
?????????
???? ?? ??? ????. ???? ????????????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???.
??????? ??. ?????
?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??? 6?? ???? 6?? ?? (?????1.98) ?????, ???? ??? 25 x 50 (???? ????? 7.6 x 15.2) ????????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ???? ???????????. ??? ?????? ??? ????????????? ??? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? 3?? ????? ????? ??? 9???? ????????. ?????? ???????? 2??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????. ????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????. ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ???,???? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????. ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?? (side out)??? ???.
????????? ?????????
????? ?????????? 1896?? ?????????? YMCA ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? (??????????? Springfield college ??? ????????) ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ???. ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??????? (volleying nature) ????????? ???????? ?? ??????? Volleyball ??? ???????? ???. (????????? ??? Volley ball ??? ??? 2?? ????? ??????) Volleyball ???????? ?????????? YMCA ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????????????? ????? (YMCA) ???? ????? ?????.
?????? ???? ????
???????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ??????. ???? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ?????????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???????. ????? ????? 25?? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????. ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????????? ???????? ??? ?? ??????. ??????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????.
?????? ??? ?? ??????????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??. ????, ?????? ??? ???, ?????? ?????? , ??????? ?????, ??? ???????????? ?????????, ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ??. ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????????. ??? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????. ????????? ?? ???????? ??????????, ????????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??. ??? -“???? ????” (Beach Ball).
?????
???????? ?????
?????????? ????? ???????? ?????
???????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? 18 ?? ? ?????? ????? 9 ??? ? ?? ??? ???? ????? 9 x 9 ????????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? 2.43 ?? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ????? 2.24 ?? ??. (??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??)
??????? ???? ???????? ????? 3?? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? (attack line) ??? ????????. ??? ????? 3 ????? (??? 10) ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????. ?? “??????? “ ?? “????? ???” ?????. (????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????). ??? ????? ???? ????? 3???? ??? ???? ????. ???? ??? 1 ???? ??? ???????? ?????? (serving player) ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? (??????) ??? 2 ?????? ??? ??? 1 ???????? ??? 1 ????????? ??? ??? 6 ???????? ?? ???????.
???????? ????? ????? ????? 3 ?? ??? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??. ???? ???????????? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ????. ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??. ???? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??. ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????.
????????? ??????
?????????
???? ?????? ??? ?????????
????? ??? ?????????
???????? ????????? ???
????????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? (forearm pass) ?? ????? ??? (bump) ???.
???????? ????????? ??????? ??? (pass), ????????? (reception) ???? ????????. ??? ????????????? ???????? ???? ??? (serve) ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????. ???????????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ????. ???? ???????? ?????? (underarm pass) ?? ?? ??? (bump) ?? ???? ????? ??? (overhead pass) ?????. ???? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ??? ????, ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ????????.
Set ?(?????? ???)
?????? ??? (set) ??? ????????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ??????? ????????? ????? ????????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????. ???????? ??? ??? ??????? setter ???? ??????? ???, ??? ??????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????????? ?????? ????? ????.
?? ????? ??? ??? (over hand)
?????????, ?? ????? ??? ???? (over hand) ?? ?? ???? (bump set) ??? ???? ????? ?? ?????. over hand ??? bump set ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??. Bump set ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????. ???? ???????? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????.
?????? ??? (set) ???? setter ????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? (Front set) ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? (Back set) ??? ???? ???????? ????????. ?????? ?????? ????? (Jump set) ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? setter ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ?????. Setter ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? 3/2 ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????. ?? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ??.
??????? Setter ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????????, ????????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????. ??? ???????? "dump" ??? ????????. ??? ???? dump ??????? ????? Setter ? ????????? ?? ??????????? "2" ?? "4" ???? ??? ?????? ???????????. ??? ????????? ??? Setter ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???????????(toss) ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????(spike) ????????.
??? ???
????????? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ??????. ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????. ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????????.
??????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????. ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ? ???????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ??????????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????????, ??? ?????? ????. ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??.
????????? ????? ??? ???? ?????????
- ??? ??? ?????? - ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ???. ????? 3 ???????? ???? ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ? ??? ??.
- ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????? - ????? 3 ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ? ?????.
- Dip/Pink / Tip / Cheat - ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ??.
- Tool / wipe / Block ? abuse - ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ???????.
- Off speed hits - ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??. ??? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???.
- Off speed hits - ???? ?? ? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???????????? ?????????? ??? ????.
- Quick hit / “one” - ???????????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ?????. ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ???????????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ???. ??? ?????? ?????.
- Slide- ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????. ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????????.
- Double quick hit / “stuck” / Tanem - ??? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ???????. ??? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????????? ?????.
??? ??????
??? ?????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????????.
?????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????????. ??? ???? ???????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????????? ????? ???? ????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ?? ?????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? 45 ? 60 ??? ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ????? ?????. ‘roof’ ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??.
?? ?????????????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?? ‘soft block’ ???? ?????????. ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????.
??????? ?? ????????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ???????????? ???????? ????? ???? ????. ?? ???, ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????. ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????????? ‘roof’ ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??. ?????? ????? (defence) ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????. ???? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????.
Dig ? (??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???)
??? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????????
??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? (?????????? ?????? ?????) ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ????????? ??? ?????. ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? (Passing) ?? ????? ????? (Bumping) ?? ???? ????????? ???. ?? ?? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???????? ?? ?????.
??? ?????? ?????? ?????? (parsing) ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ??? (digging) ??? ??? ????????? ????????? ??. ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????. ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ‘pancake’ ??????? ??? ????????. ???? ??? ?????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????. ?????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????.
??? ?????? ???? ????????
?????????? ?????????
???????
???????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ??. ???? “4-2” , “6-2” ?? “5-1” ??????. ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ????????? ????????. ????? ????????????? 4 - 2 ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? 5 ? 1 ????????.
4 ? 2
??? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? 4 ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ??????????? 2 ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????. ??????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????????? ???. ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ??. ?????????? 4.2 ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? 4 ? 2 ?????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? ??.
??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??. ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ????????. ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????. ???? ?? “?????” (setter) ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??. ???? ?????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????. ??? ??????? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????????.
???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???????. ??? ?? ???????? ???? ??? “?????” ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????. ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????. ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??.
6 ? 2
6 ? 2 ??????? ?? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????. ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??. ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?? ?? ???????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????. 6 -2 ??????? 4 ? 2 ?? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????????.
6 ? 2 ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????. ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ??????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????.
6 ? 2 ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????. ?? ????????????? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????. ???? ????? 6 ? 2 ???????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???????? ? ???????. ?????????? ?????? ?? “???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???? ????.
5 ? 1
5 ? 1 ??????? ??? ???????????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??. ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???????? ?????.
5 ? 1 ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? (???????) ??? ?????? ??? ????????. ???????????? ??????? ?????????, ??? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? (Pass) ??? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??????????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????. ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????????. ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ???????. ??? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????.
5 ? 1 ??????? ???? ??????? ??. ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ???????? ????????.
??? ??????? 6 -2 ?? 4 ? 2 ?????????? ???????. ??????? ??????????. ???? ??????? (setter) ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? 4 ? 2 ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ? ?????????? ??? 6 -2 ??????? ???.
????? ???? ?????
?????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ????? ??????. ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?????. ????? 25 ?? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????????. ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? 5?? ??? ????? 15?? ???? ?? ?????. ????? ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ????.
1999 ? ??? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ????. ? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? 15 ??. ????? ???????? ????? 1999 ?? ?? ????? ????? ????. ? ???? 2000 ???? ??? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ??. ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? , ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ??