Coordinates
:
22°16′01″N
114°11′17″E
/
22.267°N 114.188°E
/
22.267; 114.188
Hong Kong
[13]
(
Cheenese
:
香港
) is ane o twa
special admeenistrative regions (SARs) o the
Fowkrepublic o Cheenae
(PRC), the ither bein
Macau
. Situatit on Cheenae's sooth coast an enclosed bi the
Pearl River Delta
an
Sooth Cheenae Sea
,
[14]
it is weel kent for its expansive skyline an deep naitural harbour. Wi a land mass o 1,104 km2 (426 sq mi) an a population o seiven million fowk, Hong Kong is ane o the maist
densely populatit auries
in the warld.
[15]
Hong Kong's population is 95 percent ethnic Cheenese and 5 percent frae ither groups.
[5]
Hong Kong's
Han Cheenese
majority oreeginate mainly frae the ceeties o
Guangzhou
an
Taishan
in the neighbourin
Guangdong
province.
[16]
Hong Kong became a colony o the
Breetish Empire
efter the
First Opium War
(1839?42). Oreeginally confined tae
Hong Kong Island
, the colony's mairches wis extendit in stages tae the
Kowloon Peninsula
an the
New Territories
bi 1898. It wis
occupee'd bi Japan
in the
Paceefic War
, efter whilk the Breetish resumed control till 1997, whan
Cheenae regained sovereignty
.
[17]
[18]
The region espoosed minimum govrenment intervention unner the ethos o
positive non-interventionism
durin the colonial era.
[19]
The time period greatly influenced the current
cultur o Hong Kong
, aften describit as "East meets Wast",
[20]
an the
educational seestem
, whilk uised tae lowse follae the seestem in Ingland
[21]
til reforms implemented in 2009.
[22]
The locals hae a referendum fur unthirldom.
Unner the principle o "
ane kintra, twa seestems
", Hong Kong haes a different poleetical seestem frae
mainland Cheenae
.
[23]
Hong Kong's
independent judiciary
functions unner the
common law
framewirk.
[24]
[25]
The
Basic Law o Hong Kong
, its constitutional document, whilk stipulates that Hong Kong sall hae a "heich degree o autonomy" in aw matters cep foreign relations an military defence, govrens its
poleetical seestem
.
[26]
[27]
Tho it haes a burgeonin multi-pairty seestem, a sma-circle electorate controls hauf o its
legislatur
. An 800-fowk
Election Committee
selects the
Chief Executive o Hong Kong
, the heid o govrenment.
[28]
[29]
As ane o the warld's leadin
internaitional financial centres
, Hong Kong haes a major caipitalist service economy characterised bi law taxation an free tred, an the currency,
Hong Kong dollar
, is the nint maist tradit currency in the warld.
[30]
The lack o space caused demand for denser constructions, whilk developed the ceety tae a centre for modren
airchitectur
an the warld's maist vertical ceety.
[31]
[32]
The dense space forybe led tae a heich developed
transportation
netwirk wi public transport travellin rate exceedin 90 percent,
[33]
the heichest in the warld.
[34]
The name "Hong Kong" is an approximate phonetic renderin o the pronunciation o the
spoken Cantonese
or Hakka name "香港", meanin "fragrant harbour" in Inglis.
[35]
Afore 1842, the name referred tae a smaa inlet ? nou
Aberdeen Harbour
or Little Hong Kong ? atween the island o
Ap Lei Chau
an the sooth side o
Hong Kong Island
, which wis ane o the first pynts o contact atween Breetish sailors an local fishermen.
[36]
The reference tae fragrance mey refer tae the harbour waters sweetened bi the fresh watter estuarine influx o the
Pearl River
, or tae the incense frae factories linin the coast tae the north o Kowloon, whilk wis stored aroond Aberdeen Harbour for export afore the development o
Victorie Harbour
.
[35]
In 1842, the
Treaty o Nanking
wis signed, an the name Hong Kong wis first recordit on offeecial documents tae encompass the entirety o the island.
[37]
- ↑
Basic Law
?
Anthem
- ↑
"Hong Kong ? the Facts"
. GovHK
. Retrieved
6 Januar
2017
.
- ↑
"OFFICIAL LANGUAGES DIVISION"
. Civil Service Bureau
. Retrieved
6 Januar
2017
.
- ↑
"Disclaimer and Copyright Notice"
. The Legislative Council Commission. 12 December 2015.
- ↑
a
b
c
2011 Population Census ? Summary Results
(PDF)
(Report).
Census and Statistics Department
. Februar 2012. Archived frae
the original
(PDF)
on 21 October 2019
. Retrieved
5 September
2013
.
- ↑
"New Chief Secretary Matthew Cheung's 45-year climb from information officer to minister"
. Retrieved
17 Januar
2017
.
- ↑
"Is Paul Chan qualified to handle Hong Kong's coffers?"
. Retrieved
17 Januar
2017
.
- ↑
"Maps and Services"
Survey and Mapping Office
- ↑
"Mid-year Population for 2014"
.
Census and Statistics Department (Hong Kong)
. 12 August 2014.
- ↑
a
b
c
d
"Hong Kong"
.
International Monetary Fund
. Retrieved
2 November
2014
.
- ↑
"Half-yearly Economic Report 2012"
(PDF)
.
Government of Hong Kong
. Retrieved
14 November
2015
.
- ↑
"2015 Human Development Report"
(PDF)
. United Nations Development Programme. 2015
. Retrieved
14 December
2015
.
- ↑
The name wis aften written as
Hongkong
til the
govrenment
adoptit the current form in 1926 (Hongkong Government Gazette, Notification 479, 3 September 1926). Housamiver, some century-auld organisations still uise the name, like the
Hongkong Post
,
Hongkong Electric
an
The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation
. While the names o maist cities in the Fowk Republic o Cheenae is
romanised
uisin
Pinyin
, the official English name is
Hong Kong
raither than the pinyin
Xianggang
.
- ↑
"Geography and Climate, Hong Kong"
(PDF)
. Census and Statistics Department, Hong Kong Government
. Retrieved
10 Januar
2007
.
- ↑
Ash, Russell
(2006).
The Top 10 of Everything 2007
.
Hamlyn
. p.
78
.
ISBN
0-600-61532-4
.
- ↑
Fan Shuh Ching (1974).
"The Population of Hong Kong"
(PDF)
.
World Population Year
.
Committee for International Coordination of National Research in Demography
: 18?20
. Retrieved
25 August
2010
.
- ↑
"Joint Declaration of the Government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the Question of Hong Kong"
. Constitutional and Mainland Affairs Bureau, Hong Kong Government. 19 December 1984
. Retrieved
4 October
2010
.
The Government of the People's Republic of China declares that to recover the Hong Kong area (including Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories, hereinafter referred to as Hong Kong) is the common aspiration of the entire Chinese people, and that it has decided to resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997.
- ↑
"On This Day: 1997: Hong Kong handed over to Chinese control"
. BBC News. 1 Julie 1997
. Retrieved
9 September
2008
.
- ↑
"The World's Most Competitive Financial Centers"
.
CNBC
. Retrieved
30 October
2009
.
- ↑
"24 hours in Hong Kong: Urban thrills where East meets West"
. CNN. 8 Mairch 2009
. Retrieved
27 Mey
2009
.
- ↑
Chan, Shun-hing; Leung, Beatrice (2003).
Changing Church and State Relations in Hong Kong, 1950?2000
.
Hong Kong University Press
. p. 24.
ISBN
962-209-612-3
.
- ↑
"Programme Highlights"
.
Hong Kong Government
. Archived frae
the original
on 28 September 2011
. Retrieved
20 October
2010
.
- ↑
So, Dudley L.; Lin, Nan; Poston (2001).
The Chinese Triangle of Mainland China, Taiwan and Hong Kong
.
Greenwood Publishing
. pp. 13?29.
ISBN
0-313-30869-1
.
- ↑
"Basic Law, Chapter IV, Section 4"
. Basic Law Promotion Steering Committee. Archived frae
the original
on 27 Januar 2015
. Retrieved
10 November
2009
.
- ↑
Russell, Peter H.; O'Brien, David M. (2001).
Judicial Independence in the Age of Democracy: Critical Perspectives from around the World
.
University of Virginia Press
. p. 306.
ISBN
9780813920160
.
- ↑
"Basic Law, Chapter II"
. Basic Law Promotion Steering Committee. Archived frae
the original
on 29 Julie 2010
. Retrieved
10 November
2009
.
- ↑
Ghai, Yash P. (2000).
Autonomy and Ethnicity: Negotiating Competing Claims in Multi-ethnic States
.
Cambridge University Press
. pp.
92
?97.
ISBN
9780521786423
.
- ↑
"Basic Law, Chapter IV, Section 1"
. Basic Law Promotion Steering Committee. Archived frae
the original
on 27 Januar 2015
. Retrieved
10 November
2009
.
- ↑
Rioni, S. G. (2002).
Hong Kong in Focus: Political and Economic Issues
.
Nova Publishers
. pp. 9?10.
ISBN
9781590332375
.
- ↑
"Triennial Central Bank Survey of Foreign Exchange and Derivatives Market Activity in April 2007"
(PDF)
.
Triennial Central Bank Survey 2007
.
Bank for International Settlements
: 7. September 2007
. Retrieved
5 September
2010
.
- ↑
"Vertical Cities: Hong Kong/New York"
.
Time Out
. 3 August 2008. Archived frae
the original
on 16 Januar 2011
. Retrieved
25 August
2010
.
- ↑
"Home page"
.
Skyscraper Museum
. 14 Julie 2008. Archived frae
the original
on 1 Julie 2010
. Retrieved
25 August
2010
.
- ↑
"Public Transport Introduction"
.
Transport Department
, Hong Kong Government. Archived frae
the original
on 7 Julie 2008
. Retrieved
13 Julie
2008
.
- ↑
Lam, William H. K.; Bell, Michael G. H. (2003).
Advanced Modeling for Transit Operations and Service Planning
.
Emerald Group Publishing
. p.
231
.
ISBN
978-0-08-044206-8
.
- ↑
a
b
Room, Adrian (2005).
Placenames of the World
.
McFarland & Company
. p. 168.
ISBN
0786422483
.
- ↑
Bishop, Kevin; Roberts, Annabel (1997).
China's Imperial Way
.
China Books and Periodicals
. p. 218.
ISBN
9622175112
.
- ↑
Fairbank, John King (1953).
Trade and Diplomacy on the China Coast: The Opening of the Treaty Ports, 1842?1854
(2nd ed.).
Harvard University Press
. pp.
123
?128.
ISBN
9780804706483
.
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