???? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?'??? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? . ??? ?????? ???????, ???? ????? ??? ?????? (9?10 ??????? 1938), ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ????? 1939. ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ?????? ????????, ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????.

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?'??? ?????? ??? ? ?'????????? , ????? ???? 1918 ???? ????? ???????? ???????-??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? . ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??'???? ?????? ???????? , ??????? , ???? ???-????????? ?????? ? ????? ???????? . ????? ???? ????????? ???? ??????, ????? ?? ????????? ?'????????? ??????? ?????? , ??-50 ?????? ?'??? , 22.3 ?????? ?????? , 16 ?????? ??????? , 4.78 ?????? ??????? , 3.79 ?????? ????????? , 1.29 ????? ?????? ?-0.57 ?????? . ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? , ?????? ? ?????? ???? . ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????????. ??? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? , ??? ??? ???? ???????.

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???? ? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? 1933, ???? ?????? "??????" ?? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??'????????? - ????? ?? ????? ?? ?'??? - ? ?????? ?????? . ???? ??? 1938, ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??'????????? ????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?'????????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????. ?????? ??????? , ???? , ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ?-29?30 ??????? 1938, ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????. ??????, ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????. ?-1 ???????? ??? ??? ?'????????? ????, ?? ??????? ???? ???? ???? .

???? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? 1938, ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????. ?-2,000 ???? 3,000 ????? ?????? ???? ????? ? ???? ??? ???? ??????. ?????? ? ??????????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??????, ??? ????? ??? 1939 ????? ?-10,000 ??????. ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????, ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????. ?????? ???? ???? ????, ???? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????, ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? "???? ?????" ?"????? ?????". ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????.

????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???????, ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ????. ?-12,000 ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????, ?????? ??? 1939 ????? ???? ??????? ?? 2,363 ????? ??????? ??????? "?????" ?? ?? ???? ??????? (????? ?????? ??????????? ???? ??????), ?-2,183 " ?????????????? " ????? ?????? ??-1,396 ????????? ????? ?????.

?-14 ???? 1939 ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? 1938, ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??'???, ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? , ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????. ??? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???????????, ????? ? ??? ????' .

???? 1939, ?????? ??? ??? 14 ????? ????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ?? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????. ??? ??????? ???????, ?? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????, ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????. ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??-?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?-SS. ?????? 1943 ??? ???? ??? ???? 177 ????? ???? ????? ??? ???????; ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????. ???? 1942, ???? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????. ? ???????? ( ??' ) ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?-1943 ??? 1945, ??????? 1944 ????? ??? ????? ??? ??????? .

???? 1942 ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????????? , ????-???? ? ?????????? , ???? ??? ????? ????? ????. ???? 1944 ????? ?????? ?????? ????, ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????? , ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????. ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? , ??-???? ?? ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ???????, ???? ?? ?-18,000 ?????? (???? 3,600 ??????), ????? 4,500 ???. ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????-???? ???? ??????? ????? 4,000 ???? ???????. ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??????, ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? 1944 ??? ?????? ????? ????? ????????, ????-???? ?????? ????? ????? ?-1945. ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????, ?????? ????? 1945 ?????? ????? ? ????????? 12,829 ??????.

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?-14 ???????? 1938 ????? ???? ????? ????? ?" ??????? " ?? ????? ??????, ?????? ?? ????? ????, ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????, ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????. ???? ??? ??????, ?? ????? ???? ?? ?? 20% ?? ?? ??????, ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????. ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? 31 ?????? 1939. ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? 1939. ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ????????? ????????.

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?? ?? ?? ????? ??'???????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????, ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????. ?????? ??????????? ?? ?'????????? ?????? ?????, ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????. ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? 1930 ?????, ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ??????, ????????? ?? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????, ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????.

?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???'??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??'????????? ???? ??????, ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????. ????? ??????? ????? ????????? ??????? 1946 ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????.