??? ??????
La Liberte eclairant le monde
|
??? ????? ??????
|
---|
|
???? ????
|
---|
???
|
??? ????
, ??? ???? ????? ??????,
??????? ????????
|
---|
?? ??
|
?????
|
---|
?????
|
?????? ??????
,
???? ??? ???? ??????
,
??? ????
?
?????
??? ????
??
????? ?????
|
---|
?????
|
??? ????
|
---|
?????
|
????? ?????
|
---|
?????
|
????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????
|
---|
?????? ????
|
4,200,000 (???? ??2023)
|
---|
???? ??????
|
---|
????? ??????
|
1886
|
---|
????? ????? ????
|
1886
|
---|
????? ?????
|
?????
,
?????
,
????
,
????
,
??? ???
|
---|
????
|
?????? ?????? ???????
,
????? ?????
, ???'?? ????? ????
|
---|
??????
|
????? ?????
,
Majin Buu
|
---|
????? ???????
|
???????? ???-??????
|
---|
?????
|
---|
????
|
46 ?'
(
??? ????
)
47 ?'
(
??
)
|
---|
???????????
|
40°41′21″N
74°02′40″W
/
40.689209166667°N 74.044425277778°W
/
40.689209166667; -74.044425277778
|
---|
www
.nps
.gov
/stli
/index
.htm
|
|
|
???
"????? ????? ?? ?????"
(?
??????
:
Liberty Enlightening the World
), ????? ???? ???
??? ??????
(
Statue of Liberty
), ???
???
????-????? ????? ?
?? ??????
?????
??? ????
, ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???
????? ?????
. ?? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????
???????
, ???? ????? ?????, ????? ?????? ???? ?????, ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????
??????
.
???? ???? ????? ?
????? ????
??? ???????? ????? ????
1886
. ?? ??????, ??? ????, ???? ?
??? ??? ????
, ?????? ????????? ?????-???? ???? ?????? ??
?????
. ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? (Bedloe's Island), ?? ??????
???? ?-20
???? "?? ??????", ??? ???? ???? ????? ?-
1956
. ????
1924
???? ???? ?
??????? ?????
, ?????
1984
????? ???? ?????
?????"?
?
??? ????? ??????
.
???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ??
???
?????? ?
?????
,
???????
. ??? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ??????
???
??? ???? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??? ????????, ???????? ?? ????? ?
?????
????
?????
???. ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????.
[1]
??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????, ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????, ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? "JULY IV MDCCLXXVI" ? ?????
????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????
(
4 ?????
1776
?
????? ??????
). ???? ???? ????
????
?
????
?????? ?????
?????
. ???? ???? ??????, ?? ??? ????? 1900?1906 ????? ????
?????
, ????? ?? ???? ????? ????.
???? ???? ??
??
?????, ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ????,
?????? ?????? ???????
. ???, ???? ????? ??????????? ???? ????, ??? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????
???'?? ????? ????
????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????, ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????????
?'??? ??????
, ???? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? (???? ?????? ??-2.5?3 ?????? ???? ?? ?????) ?????? ?????? ?????? ???.
?? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? "
???????? ????
" ?? ??????? ?
???????-????????
,
??? ?????
, ????? ?-
1883
?????? ?? ????. ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????:
Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore.
Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door.
|
?? ?? ?? ???? ??????, ??????,
??? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????,
?? ????? ?????? ???????,
??? ???? ???, ???? ???? ?????? ????,
?? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????.
|
????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ??? 92.9 ?????.
???? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?
??????
. ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?"???" ????? ????? ???? ?? ????. ????
?????? 11 ???????
2001, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? (??? ?????), ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ???? (156 ??????). ????? ???? ????
??????? ??? ??????
, ????? ??????? ?????, ????? ?? ????????? ????. ???? 2009 ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?"???" ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?-30 ?????? ???? ????, ??????? ?? ??? ?????. ????? ?????? ??????? ?-233 ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?"???". ???????? ???? ??? ??? ???.
????
1986
??? ???? ??????? ?-70 ?????? ????, ?????? ????? ????? ?
???
24
???
(????? ????? ???? ?
??????? ??? ??????
).
???? ????, ?
???
?????? ?????? ???????
, ???? ?
?????
, ?????? ???????
???? ????
????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????
??????? ?? ????
. ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????, ????? ????? ?? ????. ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????. ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?
?'???
??????? ????
????
1867
. ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ????
1869
. ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ???.
???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?
????
. ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??????????? ???????, ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ????????, ??? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ?
????????
?????? ???? ?????????.
????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? (
1876
), ?? ??? ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???. ?? ?? ???? ???, ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???????, ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????, ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? ??????. ?? ?? ???? ????, ????? ????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ????????
?????? ?????
(???
?????? ??????
), ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ?????? ??? ?
????
??
????
????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????
????? ?????
, ?????? ???? ??????
???? ?????
?
????
.
????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ??????
?????? ???? ?????
?-
20 ???????
1873
, ??? ???? ?
????? ????
????? ???? ????. ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?
???? ??????
???? ????. ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ?-
17 ?????
1885
, ????? ????? ??350 ?????. ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? 4 ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ??
28 ????????
1886
?????
?????
????? ???????
.
- ??? ????? ?
?????? ?? ??? ??????
- ?
????
?????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????, ?? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?
??
????? ?? ????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????, ?? ???
????????? ???????
?"????? ??????" ?????? ?????.
- ???? ???? ???? ????
?????
?????. ??? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?
????
?
????? ????? ??????
. ??? ????? ????
2000
, ?????
?????? 11 ???????
?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ????????. ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ????-????????.
- ????
2004
???? ???? ????
?????
?????, ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????, ????? 100 ??? ?????.
- ?????
?????? ???? ????-??-??
?-1989 ????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ????, ?????
??? ?????????
, ????? ?? ?????
???? ?????
?????.
- ?
??? ?????
"??? ????" ??
?????
??
??? ????
?? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ????.
- ?????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????
?????
, ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????, ????? ?
?????? ?????
.
?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????, ????, ????? ????? ???? ?????.
- ?????? ???????? ?? ???? "
???? ???? ???? 2
" ??? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????.
- ???? "
???-??
" ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????.
- ???? "
????? ????? 2
" ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????.
- ???? ???? ?????????? "
?????
", ??? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ?
??? ????
. ??? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????.