????? ??????? ?????????

**????? ??????? ?????????**
	????? FARC
???????	1964 ????? (??60 ???)
????	????????
?????	????? ?????
?????? ???????
???????? ; ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ; ???? ?????? ??????????? ; ; ??? ?????? ??????????? ; ; ??? ??????????? ; ; ??? ?????? ??????????? ; ; ?????? ??????? ???????????? ; ; ; ????? ???? : ; ????? ????? ; ???? ; ?????? ??????? ; ???? ; ?????? ; ????	FARC (?? 2016) ; ??? ?????? ?????? ; ??? ?????? ????? ; M-19 (?? 1990) ; ???????? ?????? ; ????? ???? : ; ??????? ; ???? (?? 1991) ; ???? ??????? (?? 1991)
??????
???? ????? ????? ; ??????? ?????? ; ????? ???????? ?????? ; ?????? ???? ; ???? ???????	????? ??????? ; ??????? ???? ; ???????? ????? ; ??????? ????? ; ???????? ???? (?? 1971)
?????
??"? ???? 460,763 ?????? ???????	??"? ??????? 13,000 ?????? ???? ???? 2013
?????
??? 2004 , 4,908 ??????, 20,001 ??????.	???? 2004 ???? 11,484 ??????
	???? ??????? ????? : 218,094 ???? ??????? ??????? : 177,307 ???? ??????? : 5,712,506

????? ??????? ????????? (? ?????? : Conflicto armado interno en Colombia ) ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????, ?????? ??? ? ?????? ???? ? ????? ??????? ???? FARC , M-19 ?- ELN ??????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??????.

????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???????, ???? ?????? ???????? ?????????. ^[3]

??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? " ?? ???????? " ( ??' ) - "???????" ???????, ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?- 1948 ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? , ???? ???? ?????? ???????? . ????? ?? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?-60 ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????.

???? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?? ???? ?-80 ?? ???? ?-20 ??? FARC ? ????? ???? ????? ???????????? ???????? , ??? ???? ????? ???? ?-80 ??? ?????? ????? ? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????? (?? ??????, ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ? ???? ). ? ???? ?-90 ?? ???? ?-20 ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ? ????-???? , ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????.

?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? , ???? ????????? ???? ??? ?- 3 ??????? 1998 , ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? 130 ??? ???????? ?? 30. ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????, ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? , ???????? ??????????? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ? ??? FARC ???? ??? ????, ??????? ????? ????. ^[4]

???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ????????. FARC ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??????. ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ????? ??????, ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????. ^[^{???? ????
]}

?- 12 ??????? 2003 ??? ELN ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????, ?????? 4 ???????. ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?????. ???? 101 ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ?????. ^[5]

??? ??????? ???? ?? FARC, ???????? ?????? (Eldaneyis Mosquera), ?????? ?????? "??????", ????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ?- 19 ???? 2008 .

???? 2010 ????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ? ??????? , ^[6] ?? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????????. ^[7] ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???????, ??? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?'???? ??????? ???????, ?? ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????. ^[8]

?- 2011 ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ?-30% ???????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? FARC ? ??????? ???, ???? ????? ??????, ???? ????? ??????? ???. ^[9]

?- 4 ??????? 2011 ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? FARC ??????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? , ????? ????? ????? "???????". ?????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????'???. ^[10]

????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ^[11] ????? ?????? ?????? ???-?????? ??????? ??? 2003 ?-2006 ^[12] ??? ?? ???? ???? ?? ??? FARC (?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????) ??????? ??? 2016 ?-2017, 3637 ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ELN. ^[13]

??????? ????? ????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?????? ???? ?-60 ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? "???????????" ?????, ?????? ?????? ???? ???????? FARC, M-19 ??????. ???? ?????? ??, ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? "???-????????" ?????? ????? ???????. ^[14]

???? ??????? 2004, ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????? ??-3 ??????? ????, ???? ????? ?-75% ???? ???? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ?????, ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????, ???? ????? ??????. ?? ???, ???? ?????, ???????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????. ^[15]

???? 2015, ????? ?? ????? DEA ????? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????????, ??????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ??????. ^[16] ?????? ???, ??? ????? ????? ????? ????????, ???? ???????, ?????? ?? ????????. ^[17]

????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? 2012 ??? ? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? FARC ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ????. ?- 23 ??????? 2015 ????? ????? ? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ???????, ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? (????? ?????? ??????) ?????? ?? ??????? ? ???? ????? ? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ??????, ???? ???????? ?????. ??? ??"? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? 2012 ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ELN, FARC, ???? ??????????? ???????? ????-?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???????. ^[18]

?- 23 ????? 2016 ???? ????? ??????'??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?? . ^[19] ?? ?? ????? ?????? 7,000 ????? FARC ????? ??????? ???? ???? ? ??"? . ???? ???, ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?? ?-FARC, ??? ???????? ??? ??? (50.2%) ???????? ?????. ^[20] ????? ?????? ???? ???, ?- 24 ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?????? "?? ???" ?? ???????. ^[21]^[22] ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?-50 ???? ????? ??? ???????? ???? ??????. ^[23] ?? ???, ???? ?-FARC ??????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????????????. "???????" ??? ???? ????? ???? ??????? , ^[24] ????? ???????, ??????? ????? , ?? ???? ?-2019 ?? ???????? ?????? ???????. ^[25]

????? ????? ??? ? ??? ???? ????? ???? 2016 ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????. ^[26]

?- 8 ??????? 2017 ????? ? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ???????? ????, "??? ?????? ??????" (ELN). ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ELN ??? ???? ?-90 ?? ???? ?-20 , ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?????. ??????? ????? ELN ???? ??????. ^[27]

??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????????, ?-220,000 ??? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? 1958 ?-2012, ?????? ?????? (177,307 ?????? ?-40,787 ??????). ??? ??, ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? 1985 ?-2012, ?? ???? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????. ^[2] ??? ?????? ???"?, ???????? FARC ?-ELN ?????? ??-12% ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????, ????????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??-80% ???? ??????? ????????. ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????????. ^[28]

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??? ?????? ??????? (1980)

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ? ??????????

????? ???? ?????? ??????? , ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? , ???? " ????? ????? ", 22 ???????? 2002

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ [1]
^ ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Estadisticas del conflicto armado en Colombia , ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????, 2012 (???????)
^ Mario A. Murillo; Jesus Rey Avirama (2004). Colombia and the United States: war, unrest, and destabilization . Seven Stories Press. p. 54 . ISBN 978-1-58322-606-3 . la violencia colombia united states.
^ ???? ?-6 ????: ??????? ????? ????? ????????? , ???? ynet , 3 ????? 2008
^ ???? ???, ????? ???? ?????????: 101 ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? , ???? Xnet ‏, 28 ???? 2017
^ ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? , ???? ???? , 3 ???? 2008
^ ???? ???????: ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? , ???? ????? ‏, 31 ????? 2010
^ ????????: ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?'??? , ???? ????? ‏, 11 ???? 2011
^ Alertan que mas de 330 municipios tienen fuerte presencia de las Farc , El Espectador, 28/4/2011 (???????)
^ ‎ 'Timochenko', otro radical en la jefatura de las Farc , El Tiempo, 15/11/2011 (???????)
^ El Colombiano, Muertes por el conflicto bajaron 80% en 6 anos , www.elcolombiano.com, ‏2017-07-11 (??European Spanish)
^ Verdad Abierta, La desmovilizacion: el proceso de paz (2003-2006) , VerdadAbierta.com, ‏2008-02-11 (??)
^ Auge y declive del ELN , FIP (???????)
^ "Understanding Colombia's armed conflict: International actors" . colombiareports.com. ?????? ?- 10 ??????? 2017 . ???? ?- 25 ???? 2017 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )
^ "Top 10 U.S. Foreign Aid Recipients" . ABC News . ?????? ?- 10 ??????? 2014 . ???? ?- 10 ??????? 2014 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )
^ "Report Says Drug Agents Attended Sex Parties" . The New York Times . 26 ???? 2015 . ?????? ?- 29 ??????? 2017 . ???? ?- 29 ??????? 2017 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )
^ "DEA chief resigns after 'sex parties' scandal" . thehill.com. ?????? ?- 1 ??????? 2017 . ???? ?- 28 ??????? 2017 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )
^ Rose Lander, Colombia govt, FARC agree to maximum prison sentences for war crimes , Colombia Reports, 23/9/2015 (???????)
^ ???? ????? ?? 50 ???: ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? , ???? ????? ‏, 24 ????? 2016
^ Idler, Annette. "Colombia just voted no on its plebiscite for peace. Here's why and what it means" . The Washington Post (???????) . ???? ?- 23 ????? 2020 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )
^ ???? ??????? ????? ???: ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? , ???? ????? ‏, 25 ??????? 2016
^ ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? , ???? ???? , 1 ?????? 2016
^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2016 ? Juan Manuel Santos" . nobelprize.org. ?????? ?- 7 ???????? 2016 . ???? ?- 7 ???????? 2016 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )
^ Venezuela: A Mafia State? . Medellin, Colombia: InSight Crime. 2018. pp. 3?84.
^ "Maduro dice que Ivan Marquez y Jesus Santrich "son bienvenidos" a Venezuela" . La Vanguardia (???????). 2019-07-28 . ???? ?- 2021-04-04 .
^ ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? , ???? ????? ???? , 10 ?????? 2016
^ Colombia and ELN rebels open peace talks in Ecuador , Deutsche Welle, 8/2/2017 (???????)
^ "COLOMBIA: International Criminal Court Scrutinises Paramilitary Crimes" . 27 ??????? 2008 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[1] [1]

[סטטיסטיקה-2] ¹ ² ³ ⁴ Estadisticas del conflicto armado en Colombia , ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????, 2012 (???????)

[colombia-and-us-54-3] Mario A. Murillo; Jesus Rey Avirama (2004). Colombia and the United States: war, unrest, and destabilization . Seven Stories Press. p. 54 . ISBN 978-1-58322-606-3 . la violencia colombia united states.

[4] ???? ?-6 ????: ??????? ????? ????? ????????? , ???? ynet , 3 ????? 2008

[5] ???? ???, ????? ???? ?????????: 101 ????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? , ???? Xnet ‏, 28 ???? 2017

[6] ??????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? , ???? ???? , 3 ???? 2008

[7] ???? ???????: ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? , ???? ????? ‏, 31 ????? 2010

[8] ????????: ????? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ?'??? , ???? ????? ‏, 11 ???? 2011

[9] Alertan que mas de 330 municipios tienen fuerte presencia de las Farc , El Espectador, 28/4/2011 (???????)

[10] ‎ 'Timochenko', otro radical en la jefatura de las Farc , El Tiempo, 15/11/2011 (???????)

[11] El Colombiano, Muertes por el conflicto bajaron 80% en 6 anos , www.elcolombiano.com, ‏2017-07-11 (??European Spanish)

[12] Verdad Abierta, La desmovilizacion: el proceso de paz (2003-2006) , VerdadAbierta.com, ‏2008-02-11 (??)

[13] Auge y declive del ELN , FIP (???????)

[International_actors-14] "Understanding Colombia's armed conflict: International actors" . colombiareports.com. ?????? ?- 10 ??????? 2017 . ???? ?- 25 ???? 2017 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )

[15] "Top 10 U.S. Foreign Aid Recipients" . ABC News . ?????? ?- 10 ??????? 2014 . ???? ?- 10 ??????? 2014 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )

[16] "Report Says Drug Agents Attended Sex Parties" . The New York Times . 26 ???? 2015 . ?????? ?- 29 ??????? 2017 . ???? ?- 29 ??????? 2017 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )

[17] "DEA chief resigns after 'sex parties' scandal" . thehill.com. ?????? ?- 1 ??????? 2017 . ???? ?- 28 ??????? 2017 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )

[18] Rose Lander, Colombia govt, FARC agree to maximum prison sentences for war crimes , Colombia Reports, 23/9/2015 (???????)

[19] ???? ????? ?? 50 ???: ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ?? , ???? ????? ‏, 24 ????? 2016

[20] Idler, Annette. "Colombia just voted no on its plebiscite for peace. Here's why and what it means" . The Washington Post (???????) . ???? ?- 23 ????? 2020 . {{ cite news }}: ( ???? )

[21] ???? ??????? ????? ???: ???? ???? ??? ???? ????????? , ???? ????? ‏, 25 ??????? 2016

[22] ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ??????? , ???? ???? , 1 ?????? 2016

[auto-23] "The Nobel Peace Prize 2016 ? Juan Manuel Santos" . nobelprize.org. ?????? ?- 7 ???????? 2016 . ???? ?- 7 ???????? 2016 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

[:02-24] Venezuela: A Mafia State? . Medellin, Colombia: InSight Crime. 2018. pp. 3?84.

[25] "Maduro dice que Ivan Marquez y Jesus Santrich "son bienvenidos" a Venezuela" . La Vanguardia (???????). 2019-07-28 . ???? ?- 2021-04-04 .

[26] ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???????? , ???? ????? ???? , 10 ?????? 2016

[27] Colombia and ELN rebels open peace talks in Ecuador , Deutsche Welle, 8/2/2017 (???????)

[28] "COLOMBIA: International Criminal Court Scrutinises Paramilitary Crimes" . 27 ??????? 2008 . {{ cite web }}: ( ???? )

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