?????? ?????-???????

??????? ??????-??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? , ???????? ???? ???? ???? ??????, ?????? ???? ?????, ? ????? ??-?'??? ?????? ??? ???? ??-??? ???????. ??????? ???, ??? ??????, ????? ?????? ???? ? ?????????? ?? ? ??? ?????? ????, ?????? ? ??? ?????-????? , ??? ? ?????? ??????? ??????. ?? ???, ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????. ??????? ?????? ??-??? ???????? ? ??? ?-18 ????"? , ???????? ?????? ??-?'??? ???????? ? ??? ?-19 ?? ? ??? ?-15 ???? ?????? . ???? ??? ?? ????? ? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????, ??? ???????? ????? ?- 17 ?? 16 ???? ?????? .

??????? ??????-??????? ?????? ??-?'??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??????? ??????-??????, ??? ??? ??????? "?? ; ???????" (???? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????). ????? ?????? ????? "?????", ???????? '?????'. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ? ??? ??????? ????????

??30 ?? 40 ?????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ?? ? ????? ??-?'??? , ??? ?????-???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? . ???? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????-???? ????, ??? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????, ? ???? ???? ?????? - ???? ?????? . ??????? ?????? ??-?'??? ????? ????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???????? , ???-?????? ?????????? ??????.

??????? ???????? ????? ????? 1904 ? 1905 ?? ??? ? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? . ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????, ??????????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????.

????? ??? ??? ???? ????, ?? ???? ??? ??????? ????. ???? 1916 ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? "?????", ???????? '?????', '??????'. ????? ???? ????? "?????", ???????? '????', ??? ???? "????".

?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ??? ??????? , ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ? ?????????? . ????? ???? ?-20 , ???? ? ???????? - ???? ?????? ???????? , ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ????????, ???? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????? ? ???'? (??? ??????). ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????, ??? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???.

??????? ????? ???????? ????? ? ??????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ????, ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????. ?? ?? ?????? ??, ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????, ?? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????. ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????. ^[1] ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? , ??? ???? ?????? ??-?'??? ????? ?????, ????? ????? ???? , ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????-?????.

??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??-?'??? ?????? ????? ? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ? ???? . ^[2]

??????? ????? ??-??? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ????? ? ????? ???? ??-???

?????? ???? ??-??? ?? ??? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????, ??? ????? ???? 1999 ?? ??? ?'?? ?????? ????, ????????? ???? 1800 ????"? ????.

??? ?? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????-??????? ? ??????????

?????? ?????-??????? ???? ancient scripts (???????)
" ????? ???? ??-??? " - ?????? ???? West Semitic Research Project
The genesis of the alphabet and its development in the second millenium B.C. (1988) (?????? ???? ????) , ???????? ?? ?????? ??? , ????? ????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??-?'???

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ????? ???????? , ????? ????? ?? ???? , ???? ???? , 12 ?????? 2012.
^ Aren Max Wilson-Wright, Sinai 357: A Northwest Semitic Votive Inscription to Te??ob , Journal of the American Oriental Society 136, 2016, ??' 247?263 doi : 10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.2.247 ? ??? ????? ??, ???? ?????? ???: ”?? ? ?? ? ??? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ?????” , ????? "??????, ??? <???> ???? ???? (?? ????) ?? ??? ???? (????) ???????? (???? ?? ????, ??? ?????? , ?"? , ?' )".

[1] ????? ???????? , ????? ????? ?? ???? , ???? ???? , 12 ?????? 2012.

[2] Aren Max Wilson-Wright, Sinai 357: A Northwest Semitic Votive Inscription to Te??ob , Journal of the American Oriental Society 136, 2016, ??' 247?263 doi : 10.7817/jameroriesoci.136.2.247 ? ??? ????? ??, ???? ?????? ???: ”?? ? ?? ? ??? ??? ???? ? ??? ??? ?????” , ????? "??????, ??? <???> ???? ???? (?? ????) ?? ??? ???? (????) ???????? (???? ?? ????, ??? ?????? , ?"? , ?' )".

[1]

[2]