????? ????????
 ??? ????? ??????
|
|
????
|
1866
?????
 ??????
,
?????
|
|---|
|
?????
|
21 ?????? 1937
(???? 71 ????)
|
|---|
|
????? ?????
|
1886
|
|---|
|
???? ??????
|
?????
 ????? ?????
,
?????
|
|---|
|
?? ???
|
???? ??????
|
|---|
|
???? ??????
|
4
|
|---|
  |
????? ????????
(
1866
-
21 ??????
1937
) ??? ??? ?????? "
????? ???????
", ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??
????? ?????
.
???????? ???? ?
??????
,
??????
(???? ?
???????
). ??? ???? ?-
1886
, ????? ??? ????? ?
???? ?????
??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????????, ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????
[1]
.
?????? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???? 22 ????, ?? ???
???
?????? ??? ????? ????? ????. ????????? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?
??????
???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???????, ????? ?????, ?????, ????? ?
?????? ??????
. ???????, ?? ???? ?????, ?????
??? ???
.
???????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ????????, ????? ??
??? ????????
[2]
, ?????
??????
. ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????, ?????? ??????? ???????. ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????
?????? ?????
???????
, ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?
?????
, ????? ???? ???????? ???? ????. ????? ??? ?? ??? ??? ???: ??? ?????.
???? ?????? ?? ???? ?
?????
???? ????, ??? ???????? ?? ?"? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????: ????? ????.
???????? ????? ?????? "????? ???????" ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????. ??????? ??????? ??
????
???
???? ???
?????? ????? ?
????? ?????
.
?????? ???????? ?
???
, ???? ????
1921
, ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????.
???? ???, ????
1932
???? ????? ??? ?????? (?????) ?? ??????. ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????
?????? ?? ???????
.
????? 1933 -
1934
???? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????.
???? ?????? ?????. ???? 1939 ???????? ???? ?
??? ????
??
??"?
?? ??? ????? ????? ?????.