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В?цебск

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??????????? (? ???????? : В??цебск - ?????? ; ? ????? : Ви?тебск ) ??? ??? ?????-???? ?????? ????? ? ???? ????? ?? ??? . ???? ?????? ?-220 ?"? ????-?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? . ??? ????? ???? ?????? 1 ?????? 2023 ????????? ???? ???? 359,148 ??????, ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? (???? ????? ? ???? ).

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?????? ?????? ? ??? ???? ??? , ????? ?? ??? ? ????? (В?цьба) (????? ???? ????) ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ????. ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? 1021 , ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? 974 , ??? ?????? ?? ?????, ????? ???? ????? ????? ???.

????? ?-12 ? ?-13 ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? , ??? ????? ? ??? ?????? . ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ??'? , ???? ?? ???? ?????. ?- 1320 ????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??- 1569 ???? ???? ? ???????? ??????? ?????? . ?- 1597 ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??- 1772 ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ??????? ?? ????? .

?????? ??????? ? ?????? ????????? ??? 1919 ?- 1991 ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????. ????? ????? ????? ?????? , ??? 1941 ?- 1944 , ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ? ???? ????? .

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??? ????? ???????? ?????? , ???? ?????? ???? ????? ? ???? ????? . ?????? ???? ?-19 ???? ???? ?-60 ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? . ???? ????? ?????? ???? 1891 ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????. ????? ??????? ????? ???? 1897 ??? 65 ??? ????? ????, 52% ??? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ?-20 ??? ???? ??????????? ??????.

?????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ???????, ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ???? , ??? ?????"? ?' ???? ??? '. ^[2] ????? ?-30 ??????? ???? ????? ??"? ??????? ????? ???????.

???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???; ?. ??-??? , ???? " ?????? "; ??? ???? , ???? ????? ?????-???? ????; ?????????? ?????? ???? ?'???????? ; ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? 2000 ?????? ?'??? ?????? ; ??? ????? ????? ?-50 ???? ???? ; ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??-???? . ????? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????, ?? ???? ???? ???? ????? ???? ? ???? . ?-1991 ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????. ?- 1992 ????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????????? ?? ?? ???????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????. ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????.

????? ?????? ???? ???????? , ???? 1939 ?-23% ?????????? ???? ??? ??????, ?-37,000 ???. ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? 1941, ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???????, ??? ???? ????? ?-1,000 ???. ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ? ??? ????? ??, ?? ?????? ????? ???, ????? ????? ??? ??? ? ?????? ????? ??????. ?-8 ?? 10 ???????? 1941 ???? ??????? ?? 4,090 ??????? ?????? ???? ?????, ???? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ???????? ?????? ????. ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?-16?18 ??? ??????. ???? ?????? ?????, ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ??????. ???? 1999 ???? ??????? ???? ?-3,000 ?????? (???? ????? ?????????? ????).

??? ????? ????: ???? ?'???"? ( 2023) ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????, ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????.

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??? 1992 ????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? - " ????????? ????? ", ????? ????? ? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? .

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???? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ??????????

• ??? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? (??????)
• Vitebsk.com
• Vitebsk.net
• ??? ????
• ??????? ????????
• ??????? ????????? ?? ??????
• ????? ??????
• Vitebsk on-line
• Vitebsk Museum of Modern Art , ? ????????? ???????

?? ????? ??????

• Arkadii Shulman, A Guide to Jewish Sites in Vitebsk , 2011 .
• ???? ??????, ???? ????? , ????? ???????, 2000 .
• Людмила Хмельницкая, Марк Шагал и Витебск , Минск, 2013.
• G. Kasovsky, Artists from Vitebsk: Yehuda Pen and his pupils , 1991 .
• ??????, ?????
• ?????? (Vitebsk) , ? ??????????? ?? ?????? , ???? ?? ???
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• ?. ?. ????????????, ?????? ??????? ????????? , ???? , 25 ???? 1887; ???? ; ???? ; ???? ; ???? ; ???? ; ???? ; ???? ; ???? ; ????
• ????? ????????? ( ??' ) , ?????? , ??????????? ?? ?????? ??????? (??? II, ??? B, ??' 1745?1748), ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ? ????? ?????????? ???????? , ?????????? ? ???????????? (???????)
• place/Vitsyebsk-province-Belarus ?????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
• ?????? (??????) , ?? ??? ? ?????? ???????

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