????? ?????????

????? ?????????
?澤明
	????????? ??? ?????? " ???? ???????? ", 1954
	????????? ??? ?????? " ???? ???????? ", 1954
????	23 ???? 1910 ; ???????? , ???????? ??????
?????	6 ??????? 1998 (???? 88) ; ??????, ???
???? ?????	An'y?-in
?? ???	AK
?????	???
????? ???????	1943 ? 1993 (??50 ???)
?????? ??????	???'???? ; ?????? ; ???? ????????
?? ?? ?? ???	Y?ko Yaguchi ( 1945 ? 1 ??????? 1985 )
??????	Kazuko Kurosawa , Hisao Kurosawa
???? ??????	2
????? ??????	??? ?????
	?????? ?-IMDb
?????

????? ????????? (? ????? : 黒澤明 ;‏ 23 ???? 1910 ? 6 ??????? 1998 ) ??? ???? ?????? , ??????? ? ???? ???? . ????????? ???? ?-30 ????? ????? ??????? ?? 57 ????? ???, ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????????? ???????.

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ???? ?????? (1864?1948), ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????, ????? ??? ???? (1870?1952) ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? . ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????, ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ????, ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???.

???? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????; ????? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??. ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??'??????, ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????. ????? ????? ??, ????????? ??? ?? ???????? ????? ???? .

????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? (1906?1933), ???? ????? ????? ???? ?? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?-1923 , ????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ?-13 ????? ????. ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ????, ????? ??? ???? ????? ???, ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????????, ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????.

????? ??? ????? ??????, ?? ??? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????, ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??????, ?????? ?????? ??????. ???? ???? ?-20, ????? ??? ????? (???? ?????? ????? ?????? ) ???? ??????? ?? ?????, ??????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??. ?????, ????? ?? ???? ????? ????, ??? ???? ????, ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????. ??????? ?? ?????, ????? ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????. ???? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????????. ?? ???, ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ???, ???? ???? ?? ???????? ??????. ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?-30, ????? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????, ?????? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ????? 1933, ????? ?????. ????????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????????????? ???. ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???, ?? ?? ???? ????? ?? ?????????, ?????? ?? ?????, ???? 23, ????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ??, ??? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????.

????? ???? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ??????? ? ???????? ??? ????? ???? 1936 ????? ????? ????? ???? . ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???. ?? ?? ?? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????, ????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????.

????? ??? ?????? ????? ????, ????????? ??? ??? ????? ????, ?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ??'??? ???????. ???? 24 ????? ??? ???, 17 ??? ?? ????????, ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????'? ???????, ?????? "?????". ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????????, ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???. ????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????, ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????, ????? ?????, ?????, ?????, ?????, ????? ?????? ????? ?????. ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ???? ?? ????????, "????" (1941), ????? ????????? ?? ??? ?????, ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???.

???????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?????????. ????????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???????????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ????. ????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????, "?????? ??????" (1942). ????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?-60, ???? ???? ??????? ?????.

?????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1943 ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ???, " ???? ???? ??'??? " ( ??' ) , ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????. ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????" (1946), ?? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ????.

????????? ?????? ? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ???? " ?????? " (1950) ???? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ???? 1951 ^[1]. ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ^[2]. ???????, ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??????. ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????????, ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????????. ????????? ??? ???????? ??????, ?????? ???????, ???? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ^[2].

????? ????? ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????, ???? 1951 ?? ????? " ?????? " ?? ?????????? ????? 1957 ??? ?? ???? "?? ?????", ????? ?? ????? " ????' " ?? ?????? ???????? ^[3].

???? 1952 ???? ?? ???? " ?????? " ("?????") ????? ???? ??????? ????? ???, ?? ???? ???, ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????????, ????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ^[4].

???? 1954 ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? " ???? ???????? " ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? , ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????. ????????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????, ??????? ???????, ???? ???? ????? ^[4].

???? 1958 ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????" (??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????), ?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????, ?? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????. ??? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???, ?? ?? ???? ????? ??. ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???, ??????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????: ??????, ??????? , ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ^[5].

???? 1961 ???? ?? ???? " ???'???? ", ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? (?????? ??????) ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????. ?????? ????? ????, ??? ??? ????, "???'???" (1962).

???? ?? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1965 ???? ?? ???? "???? ????", ?? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ???. ??? ????? ?????? ??????????, ????? ??? ????? ??????? ????????? (???? ???? ?-19 ). ???? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? 1959. ????? "?????? ???????" ?? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????, ?????? ???? ????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ?????????: ??????? ???????????????. . "???? ????" ??? ???? ?????? ?????-??? ?? ????????? ^[6].

???? 1970 ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? " ????! ????! ????! " ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? " ???? ???? ?-20 ", ?????? ????? ?????.

?????? 1971 ???? ????????? ? ????? . ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????. ??????, ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??. ??? ??? ???? ??25 ??????, ??????? ???? ?? ?????, ?????? ?????? ???? " ???????? " ( ??' ) ^[7].

???? 1975 , ???? ?? ???? "???? ??????", ????? ?????, ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ^[8]. ???? ????? ?? ? ???????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? , ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?-20. ????, ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????, ???? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????, ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????????. ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??????, ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ?????. ???? ??? ? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? (?? ???? ????) ^[9].

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? 1977 ???? ????? ???????? ?'???' ????? ?? " ????? ??????? ", ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?"????? ?????" ?? ?????????. ?????, ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? , ????? ?? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????, ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????. ?????? ????? ? ?? ???????? ????? 1978 ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????: "??????", ?????? ???? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ^[10]. ?????, ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????????, ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? " ???? ???? ?-20 " ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?? "??????", ??? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ????. ????? ???? ?????? ????? ???, ?????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?? ^[9]. ?????? ???? ????? ????? 1979 ?? ??? 1980 ???? ?????? ??????, ?? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??????, ??????? ???, ??? ????? ??? ????? ?????, ??? ????? ?? ?????, ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ^[9]. ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????. ????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? 1980. ??? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????. ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ???? ? ??? ??? ???? ? ?????? ??? 1980. ????????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? "??????", ??? ????? ???????, ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ? ????????? ????.

?????? ?????????? ?? "??????" ????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???, " ??? ", ???? ???? ???? ????. ??????, ?????? ????? ?? " ???? ??? " ?? ?????? ???????? , ?? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??, ??????? ?? ????? ?????, ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ?????, ???? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ??????, ??? ?????? ?? ^[11]. ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????? ??????. ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ??????, ??? ??? ???? ????? ?????????. ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???' ???????, ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? . ???????? ???? ?????? 1983 ?????? ???? ????.

?????? 1985 ?????? ????? ?? "???" ?????? ?? ?-64 ?? ?????????, ????, ????. ??? ??? ?- 1 ??????? . ????????? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?"???" ????? ?????? ??????? ????? ?- 31 ???? . ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????, ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????, ???? ???? ?? "??????", ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????, ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????.

"???" ??? ????? ????? ????, ?? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ???????. ???? ??????? ?????, ?? ???, ???? ??? ?? ???? ?"???" ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?? "???" ?????? ??? ????: ???? ?????? ?? ????, ??? ?? ??? ???? ?? "???" ????? ????? ????? ???? ????, ?? ??? ????? (??? ??????), ?? ?????. ????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? (????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ????? "???? ???????"). ????? ???????? ?? "??", ??? ?????, ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????.

"??????" ?"???", ?????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????????. ???? ?????? ?? "???" ??? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????, ????? ???? ???????, ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ?????? ????? ???, ???? ??? "???? ??? ???".

????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??. ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? (????, "???? ?????" ?"??????") ???? ???? ?????? ?????, ???? " ?????? " ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ????????? ????. ????? ???????, ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???, ?????????, ???? ??????? ????? ??????, ??? ?? ?? ?????? ???? ^[12]. ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ????? ??, ???????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? (??? ???????? ???), ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????, ????? ??????? , ????? ?? ???? " ????? ????? " ????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ^[13]. ??? ?? ?????????, ?????, ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ????. ???? ?????, ?????? ????, ????? ????? ??????? ^[14]. ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????, ?"??????" ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? 1990 , ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????, ????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????. ???? 1990, ???? ????????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ^[15]. ????? ????? ??? ??? ??? "??? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ^[16].

????????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ???? ?? "??????? ???????", ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??? "???????" ????? ?????? ??? ????. ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? . ??? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ^[17]. ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????: ???'?? ??? , ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????. ???????? ????? ?????? 1991 , ?????? ???? ?-25 ???? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????, ?????? ?????? ?????, ?? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????-???????? ???????, ?? ?? ?? ?????????? ??? ?????? ???.

????????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???: "???????". ???? ????? ?? ?????? ????????????? ??? ????? ??????, ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??. ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????, ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????? - ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?-81. ???????? ???? ??????? 1992 ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?-17 ?????? 1993, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???.

????????? ??? ??? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? "??? ?????" ?-1993 ?"???? ????" ?-1995. ? -1995, ????? ????? ?? "???? ????" , ????? ???? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???. ?????? ??????, ??? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????, ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????. ?????? ????? ????? - ???? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? - ????? ?? ?????. ????????? ?? ???? 1998 ??????.

???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ??????, ????? ???????, ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??????, "???? ????", ???? ??????? ?- 2001 ^[18].

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ?? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ? ???? ?-50 ?? ???? ?-20 , ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????.

????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????, ??????? ?? ???? ???? ???????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????????? , " ???'???? " ?" ????? ???? ?????? ", ?" ???? ???????? "' ?" ???? ???????? " ^[1].

??????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? " Ghost of Tsushima " ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????????.

???? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

????? ????? ?? ???? "???? ???? ??'???" ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????, ???? ?????'?, ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????. ??? ?????????? ??? ???????? ??? ???, ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????. ?? ????? ?- 21 ???? 1945 , ???????'? ????? ???? ??????? (??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ???), ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?-1985. ????? ??? ??? ?????: ??, ?????, ???? 20 ?????? 1945, ????? ????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?? ????, ??????, ??, ????? 29 ?????? 1954, ????? ?????? ???????.

???? 1986 ????? ?????? ? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????, ????? ????? ?? ?????????, ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???? ^[19].

????? ????? ?????????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ???? ??'??? , 1943
???? ????? , 1944
???? ???? ??'??? ??? ?' - ??????? ?? ??? ???? , 1945
???? ?????, ??? ???? ?? ????? , 1946
??? ????? ???? , 1947
???? ????? , 1948
??-??? ???, ??? ????? , 1949
?????? , ???????? 1950
?????? , 1951
?????? , 1952
???? ???????? , 1954
??? ?? ???? , 1955
?? ????? , 1957
???? , 1957
????? ????? , 1958
????? ????? ???? , 1960
???'???? , 1961
???'??? , 1962
???? ?????? , 1963
???? ???? , 1965
???????? , 1970
???? ?????? , 1975
?????? , 1980
??? , 1985
?????? , 1990
??????? ??????? , 1991
??????? , 1993

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ???? ????? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ( 23 ????? 1981 )
??? ????"? ?????? ???? ????? ( 1981 )
??? ?????? ?? ??????'? ????? ???? ????? ( 1981 )
??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ( 1981 )
??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ( 1981 )
??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ( 1986 )
??? ?????'? ???? ???? ????? ( 1981 )
??? ???? ???? ??? ( 1981 )
Prize of the French Critics' Union/Best Australian Film ( 1978 )
??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ( 1981 )
??? ???'? ( 1980 )
??? ??? ???? ( 1980 )
??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ( 1977 )
??? ?????'? ???? ???? ????? ( 1986 )
??? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ( 1986 )
??? ???? ( 1959 )
??? ????? ( 1952 )
??? ??? ?? ?????? ( 1977 )
??? ???? ( 1981 )
??? ?????? ?? ??????'? ????? ???? ????? ( 1986 )
??? ???????? ?????? ???? ( 1990 )
??? ??????'? ?????? ???? ????? ( 1953 )
??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ( 1986 )
??? ??????'? ?????? ???? ????? ( 1964 )
??? ????"? ???? ??? ???? ????? ( 1986 )
??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ( 1994 )
??? ?????'? ???? ???? ????? ( 1966 )
??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ( 1977 )
Kinema Junpo Award for Best Film of the Year ( 1949 )
??? ????? ??? ???? ( 1990 )
??? ????? ( 1965 )
??? ?????? ?? ??????'? ????? ???? ????? ( 1948 )
??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ( 1966 )
??? ?????'? ???? ???? ????? ( 1949 )
People's Honour Award ( 1 ???????? 1998 )
??? ????????? ?????? ( 1976 )
???? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????? ( 28 ??????? 1986 )
??????? ???????? ( 1992 )
???? ?????? ( 1985 )
??? ???? ????? ????? ???? ????? ( 1986 )
Blue Ribbon Awards for Best Screenplay ( 1950 )
??? ???? ???? ( 1951 )
??? ???? ????? ???? ????? ( 1959 )
??? ??????? ( 1959 )
??? ?????'? ???? ???? ????? ( 1964 )
Blue Ribbon Awards for Best Screenplay ( 1964 )
National Board of Review Awards 1951 ( 1951 )
??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ????? ( 1959 )
Blue Ribbon Awards for Best Screenplay ( 1953 )
???? ???? ( 1954 )
??? ????? ?'???? ( 1953 )
??? ?????'? ???? ???? ????? ( 1953 )
??? ???? ???????? ( 1965 )
???? ?????? ?????
???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ???????
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???? ???????? ???????

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ?? ??? , ??? ???? , ????? ??? , 1982 . (???? ?????? ULI)
??????? ?????? , ??? ?, ??? ??? , ????? ?????? ?????? , ?? ???? , 1990. (???? ?????? ULI)
??? ??? , ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? ????? ?????????? , ?????? , 2016 . (???? ?????? ULI)

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ? ??????????

????? ????????? , ???? ??????? Goodreads
????? ????????? , ???? ??????? ?????????? IMDb (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? " ?????? ", ???? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????
????? ????????? , ???? AllMovie (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? Rotten Tomatoes (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? Metacritic (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? ??????? ?????????? KinoPoisk (??????)
????? ????????? , ???? Last.fm (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? MusicBrainz (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? Discogs (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? " Find a Grave " (???????)
????? ????????? , ???? ??????????? ???????? (???????)
????? ?????? , ????? ?????? ????????? ????????? , ???? ???? , 26 ???????? 2010
???? ????? , ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ????????? , ???? ???? , 9 ??????? 2010

????? ?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

^ ¹ ² ???? ????? , 100 ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? , ???? ???? , 13 ?????? 2010
^ ¹ ² ????? ???, ?????? ???????, ???????? ????? ?? ?????????, ?? ???? 100 , ???? ???? , 20 ????? 2018
^ ???????:
???? ????? , ????? ???? - "?? ?????" , ????? , 29 ?????? 1987
??? ????, ?????? - ????? ?? ?????? - '?? ?????' , ????? ????? , 11 ??????? 1987
???? ????? , ?? ????? - "?? ?????" - ?????? , ????? , 2 ??????? 1987
^ ¹ ² ??? ??? , ?? ?', ?? ?' - ?? ???????? ??? ??????. ?????, ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????, ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? , ????? , 19 ???? 1988
^ ????? ????, ????. ??? ??????? , ????? , 7 ?????? 1988
^ "???? ????". ??? 65'. ????? ????????? , ????? , 14 ???? 1993
^ ????? ????, ??????? ?????? , ????? , 26 ??????? 1981
^ ????? ??????? , ??? , 9 ??????? 1979
^ ¹ ² ³ ???? ????? , ?? ??? ????? , ??? , 13 ??????? 1981
^ ???? ?????, ????? - ?????? - ????????? , ????? , 22 ????? 1985
^ ???? ????? , ????? ??????? ?????? , ????? , 22 ?????? 1986
^ ??? ??? , ??? ??????? , ????? , 7 ????? 1990
^ ???.?? , ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? , ????? , 28 ?????? 1988
^ ?????? , ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????? , ????? , 29 ??????? 1989
^ ????????? ■■■ ????? ???? ????????? , ????? , 13 ?????? 1989
^ ????? ????, ??????? ????? ?? ???? , ????? , 8 ????? 1990
^ ???? ????? , ???? ????? ?? ????? , ????? , 21 ??????? 1992
^ ???? ???? , ? ???? ???? ????????? , ???? ????? , 23 ???? 2001
^ ???? ????, ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????? , ????? , 6 ???????? 1986

[קליין-1] ¹ ² ???? ????? , 100 ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? , ???? ???? , 13 ?????? 2010

[זהר-2] ¹ ² ????? ???, ?????? ???????, ???????? ????? ?? ?????????, ?? ???? 100 , ???? ???? , 20 ????? 2018

[3] ???????:
???? ????? , ????? ???? - "?? ?????" , ????? , 29 ?????? 1987
??? ????, ?????? - ????? ?? ?????? - '?? ?????' , ????? ????? , 11 ??????? 1987
???? ????? , ?? ????? - "?? ?????" - ?????? , ????? , 2 ??????? 1987

[אשרלוי-4] ¹ ² ??? ??? , ?? ?', ?? ?' - ?? ???????? ??? ??????. ?????, ?? ????? ????????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ????, ?? ????? ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? , ????? , 19 ???? 1988

[5] ????? ????, ????. ??? ??????? , ????? , 7 ?????? 1988

[6] "???? ????". ??? 65'. ????? ????????? , ????? , 14 ???? 1993

[7] ????? ????, ??????? ?????? , ????? , 26 ??????? 1981

[8] ????? ??????? , ??? , 9 ??????? 1979

[קליין2-9] ¹ ² ³ ???? ????? , ?? ??? ????? , ??? , 13 ??????? 1981

[10] ???? ?????, ????? - ?????? - ????????? , ????? , 22 ????? 1985

[11] ???? ????? , ????? ??????? ?????? , ????? , 22 ?????? 1986

[12] ??? ??? , ??? ??????? , ????? , 7 ????? 1990

[13] ???.?? , ???? ??? ??? ?? ???????? , ????? , 28 ?????? 1988

[14] ?????? , ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????? , ????? , 29 ??????? 1989

[15] ????????? ■■■ ????? ???? ????????? , ????? , 13 ?????? 1989

[16] ????? ????, ??????? ????? ?? ???? , ????? , 8 ????? 1990

[17] ???? ????? , ???? ????? ?? ????? , ????? , 21 ??????? 1992

[18] ???? ???? , ? ???? ???? ????????? , ???? ????? , 23 ???? 2001

[הימן-19] ???? ????, ??????? ?? ????????? ?? ??? ????? , ????? , 6 ???????? 1986

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

??? ????? ??? ????
1928?1950	????? ????? / ?'???? ?'???? (1928) ‏?‏‏ ???? ????? (1932) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? (1934) ‏?‏‏ ?. ??. ??????' (1935) ‏?‏‏ ???? ?????? March of Time / ?????? ???? ? ????? ????? (1936) ‏?‏‏ ???? ???? / ?????? ???? / ???????? ?????? ??????? / ??? ??? (1937) ‏?‏‏ ????? ??? / ???? ????? / ???? ?????? ? ???? ???? / ?????? ?'?????, ??? ?????, ???? ?'?????, ?????? ??????, ??? ????', ?????? ??????, ????? ?????, ???? ?????, ???? ????, ????? ??????, ????? ?????? / ?????? ???? ???? ????? / ???? ????? (1938) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???????? / ?'??? ????? / ?????? ????? ????? / ???? ??????? ????????? ( ?'?? ?????? , ???? ????? , ???? ???? , ????? ??? )/ ???? ????????? (1939) ‏?‏‏ ??? ??? / ????'? ??????? (1940) ‏?‏‏ ???? ????? , ?????? ????? , ?'?? ?. ?. ?????? ????? RCA / ??????? ????????? ??????? / ??? ???? / ???? ???????? ?????? (1941) ‏?‏‏ ???? ?????? / ???? ?????? / ???? ???????? ????? (1942) ‏?‏‏ ?'???' ??? (1943) ‏?‏‏ ??? ??? / ????? ???????? (1944) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? / ????? ???? / ???? ?? ??? ?? / ??? ?? ????? (1945) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? / ????? ???????? / ????? ?????? / ???? ?'??? ?'????? (1946) ‏?‏‏ ?'???? ????? / ????? ???? / ?????? ?????? ???? / ????? ????' / ?'???' ???? ???? / ?????? ??????? (1947) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? / ????‏ Monsieur Vincent / ??? ?????? / ????? ????? (1948) ‏?‏‏ ?'?? ?????? / ??? ???? / ???? ?. ??-??? / ????? ???????? (1949) ‏?‏‏ ???? ?. ????? / ?'???' ???? / ????‏ Le mura di Malapaga (1950)
1951?1975	?'?? ??? / ?????? (1951) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? / ??? ??? / ????? ???? / ?'???' ???'? / ?'??? ??? (1952) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ???? ?-20 / ???? Bell & Howell / ?'??? ???? / ??? ????' (1953) ‏?‏‏ ???? Bausch & Lomb / ??? ??? / ??? ???? / ???? ???? / ?'?? ?????? / ?????? ????? / ???? Jigokumon ‏(1954) ‏?‏‏ ???? Miyamoto Musashi ‏ (1955) ‏?‏‏ ??? ????? (1956) ‏?‏‏ ????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? / ?????? ???? ??????? / ?'???? ????? / ??. ??. ??? (1957) ‏?‏‏ ????? ?????? (1958) ‏?‏‏ ????? ????? / ?? ?? ????? (1959) ‏?‏‏ ??? ???? / ??? ???? / ????? ???? (1960) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ??????? / ??? ????? / ?'??? ?????? (1961) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ???? (1964) ‏?‏‏ ??? ??? (1965) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ????? / ???? ????? (1966) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? (1967) ‏?‏‏ ?'?? ?'?????? / ???? ???? (1968) ‏?‏‏ ??? ???? (1969) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ??? / ?????? ??? (1970) ‏?‏‏ ?'???? ?'???? (1971) ‏?‏‏ ?'???? ???? / ?????? ?'? ???????? (1972) ‏?‏‏ ???? ??????? / ?????'? ???? (1973) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ???? / ?'?? ????? (1974) ‏?‏‏ ??? ??????? (1975)
1976?2000	????? ???' (1977) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? / ????? ???????? / ???? ????? / ???????? ?????? ??????? (1978) ‏?‏‏ ??? ????? / ??? ???? (1979) ‏?‏‏ ???? ????? (1980) ‏?‏‏ ????? ??????? (1981) ‏?‏‏ ???? ???? (1982) ‏?‏‏ ??? ???' (1983)?‏?‏‏ ?'???? ??????? / ???? ??????? ???????? (1984) ‏?‏‏ ??? ????? / ???? ????' (1985) ‏?‏‏ ???? ????? (1986) ‏?‏‏ ???? ????? / ???? ?????? ?????? ????? (1988) ‏?‏‏ ????? ????????? (1989) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? / ????? ??? (1990) ‏?‏‏ ?????'?? ??? (1991) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ????? (1992) ‏?‏‏ ???? ?? (1993) ‏?‏‏ ???????'?? ????????? (1994) ‏?‏‏ ???? ????? / ?'?? ?'??? (1995) ‏?‏‏ ????? ??? (1996) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? (1997) ‏?‏‏ ????? ????? (1998) ‏?‏‏ ????'?? ????? (1999) ‏?‏‏ ?'? ?????? / ????? ???? (2000)
2001?????	????? ??????? / ????? ?????? (2001) ‏?‏‏ ???? ??'??? (2002) ‏?‏‏ ????? ??????? (2003) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? (2004) ‏?‏‏ ????? ????? (2005) ‏?‏‏ ???? ???????? (2006) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? (2007) ‏?‏‏ ???? ????? / ???'? ????? / ?????? ?????? (2009) ‏?‏‏ ????? ??????? / ?'??-??? ????? / ??? ???? (2010) ‏?‏‏ ?'???? ??? ?'??? / ??? ????' (2011) ‏?‏‏ ?. ?. ???????? / ??? ????? / ?'???' ?????? ?'????? (2012) ‏?‏‏ ???'?? ??????? / ???? ????? / ????? ???? (2013) ‏?‏‏ ?'??-???? ????? / ????? ??????? / ????? ??'??? (2014) ‏?‏‏ ????? ?? / ?'??? ?????? (2015) ‏?‏‏ ?'?? ?'?? / ??? ???????? / ?? ??. ????? / ?????? ??????? (2016) ‏?‏‏ ?'???? ???? / ???? ?????? / ????? ???'???? / ????? ???? (2017) ‏?‏‏ ?????? ??? / ???? ?????? / ????? ?????? (2018) ‏?‏‏ ??????? ????' / ?? ????? / ???? ??????? (2019) ‏?‏‏ ????? ?. ?'???? / ?????? ??? / ??? ????? (2021) ‏?‏‏ ????? ???? / ???? ???? / ???? ??? (2022) ‏?‏‏ ???'?? ???? / ?? ????? / ???? ??????? (2023)