???

??? ?? ???? ? ????? ???? . ?? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????, ??? ??? . ???????? ?????, ??? ??? (?????????) .

????? (????? ? ????? ? ???-????? :metre; ????? ?????? m ; ? ?????? : μ?τρον, ???????? - ????) ??? ????? ????? ?????? ? ????? ???? ( ???? ) ? ????? ??????? ?????????? , SI. ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???, ????? ??? ??? 1983 , ??? ????? ????? ? ??? ? ??? ???? ??? ?? 1/299,792,458 ????? .

???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? - ??? ???? , ?????? ?????? ??? - ???? , ??????? ?????? ???? - ??? .

????????

????? ????? ???? ???? 1793 ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?-10,000,000 ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ? ????? ?????? ?? ? ?? ?????? ????? ? ??????? ?? ???? . ?- 7 ?????? 1795 ????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????. ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???? ????, ????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???? 1889 ????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ? ?????? ?? ?????? ? ???????? . ???? ???? ?-Sevres, ????? ?? ????.

???? 1960 , ?????? ????? ? ????? , ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?-11 ?????? ????????. ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ? ??? ?? 1,650,763.73 ????? ?? ?? ?? ?????? ? ???? - ???? ?? ? ??????? ??????? -86. ?- 1983 ????? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ? ??? ????, ???? ?? 1/299,792,458 ????? . ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ????? , ????? ?? ????? ???? ???????? ???????, ??????? ?? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????. ????? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ??????, ?? ???? ???? ????. ?????, ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????: ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???????, ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????.

??????

??????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?? ?? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????.

???	??	???
?10 ^-1?	??????	dm
?10 ^-2?	???????	cm
?10 ^-3?	???????	mm
?10 ^-6?	???????? ( ?????? )	μm
?10 ^-9?	??????	nm
?10 ^-12?	???????	pm
?10 ^-15?	??????? ( ???? )	fm
?10 ^-18?	??????	am
?10 ^-21?	???????	zm
?10 ^-24?	????????	ym

???	??	???
?10 ¹?	??????	dam
?10 ²?	???????	hm
?10 ³?	???????	km
?10 ⁶?	??????	Mm
?10 ⁹?	???????	Gm
?10 ¹²?	??????	Tm
?10 ¹⁵?	??????	Pm
?10 ¹⁸?	??????	Em
?10 ²¹?	??????	Zm
?10 ²⁴?	???????	Ym

??????? = 1,000 ????? - ????? ???? ??????? ??-??? ???? ???? .

??? - ?????? ???????.

??????? = 1/100 ??? - ????? ?????? ????? ?????.

??????? = 1/1,000 ??? - ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ????.

???????? ( μm , ???? ?? ???? ?????? ) = ???????? ???? - ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? (????, ??????? ).

?????? (?? ??????????) = ????????? ???? ?? ?10 ^-9? ???. ???? ??? ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ????????.

???????? ( A ) = ?????? ??????? ?? ?10 ^-10? ???. ????? ???? ??????? ? ???? .

??????? = ?10 ^-15? ???, ????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??????????. ????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ???? .

?????? = ?10 ^-18? ???. ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??, 2,200 ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ???.

??-?? ????? ??-?????? , ????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? , ????? ??? ?1.61624×10 ^-35 ????.

??? ??

?????? ?????

?? ????, ??? ??? ???? - ???? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? , ????? ???? , 2006.
??? ????? , ????? ???? ????: ???????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? , ???? ???? , 15 ??????? 2018

??????? ????????

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????? ?? ????? ???? , ??? ConvertWorld