U.S. federal executive public safety, immigration and disaster relief forum
The
Homeland Security Council
(
HSC
) is an entity within the
Executive Office of the President of the United States
tasked with advising the
president
on matters relevant to
Homeland Security
. The current
Homeland Security Advisor
is
Elizabeth Sherwood-Randall
.
History
[
edit
]
The Homeland Security Council (HSC) is an entity within the Executive Office of the President and was created by
Executive Order
13228
on October 29, 2001, and subsequently expanded on by Homeland Security Presidential Directive 1.
[1]
It served as the successor to the Office of Homeland Security, established on September 20, 2001, immediately after the
September 11 attacks
.
Congress
subsequently
codified
the HSC in the
Homeland Security Act of 2002
, charging it with advising the
president
on
homeland security
matters.
[2]
On February 23, 2009, the
Obama administration
released Presidential Study Directive 1. This memorandum ordered a 60-day inter-agency review of the White House homeland security and
counter-terrorism
structure. The review recommended that the president merge the staff supporting the Homeland Security Council with the staff supporting the
National Security Council
.
[3]
[4]
On May 26, 2009,
Barack Obama
signed the recommendation to merge the Homeland Security Council and National Security Council staffs into one National Security Staff. On February 10, 2014, President Obama renamed the National Security Staff the National Security Council (NSC) staff.
[5]
Policymakers and observers have debated whether the HSC staff should remain an independent entity within the White House or merged with the NSC staff.
[6]
The HSC and NSC continue to exist by statute as independent councils of leadership advising the president.
[7]
Mission
[
edit
]
The Homeland Security Council is responsible for assessing the objectives, commitments, and risks of the United States, and for making recommendations to the president with respect to homeland security policy.
Structure
[
edit
]
The HSC was similar to its
national security
counterpart, the
National Security Council
(NSC), which was established in the
National Security Act of 1947
. The HSC also maintained structural similarities with the NSC; the HSC consisted of full-time staff organized by subject areas relating to homeland security missions, with the Council itself being composed of
Cabinet
members and senior White House officials whose departments have principal interests in homeland security
policy-making
. During the Bush administration, the council was chaired by the
Homeland Security Advisor
. The
Joint Chiefs of Staff
consist of the primary military advisers to the Homeland Security Council, as well as the National Security Council.
[8]
Due to the recommendations implemented by Obama, the Homeland Security Council and the National Security Council now have combined staff, the National Security Staff (NSS).
While similar in name, the
Department of Homeland Security
is a distinct
federal executive department
; unlike DHS, the HSC functioned as part of the
Executive Office of the President
, drawing staff from across federal agencies and under the direct control of the president.
Membership
[
edit
]
See also
[
edit
]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
"Homeland Security Presidential Directive 1"
. Homeland Security Council. 29 October 2001
. Retrieved
18 September
2009
.
- ^
P.L. 107-296, 116 Stat. 2135 (2002).
- ^
Nichols, Hans (2009-03-05).
"Obama Risks Cabinet Clashes to Expand National Security Council"
. Bloomberg.com
. Retrieved
2012-05-17
.
- ^
DeYoung, Karen (February 27, 2009).
"National Security Structure Is Set"
. Washingtonpost.com
. Retrieved
2012-05-17
.
- ^
NSC Staff, the Name Is Back! So Long, NSS
The White House. February 10, 2014.
- ^
The Homeland Security Council: Considerations for the Future
Frank Cilluffo and
Daniel Kaniewski
, Homeland Security Policy Institute. April 2009.
- ^
Cooper, Helene (May 27, 2009).
"In Security Shuffle, White House Merges Staffs (Published 2009)"
– via NYTimes.com.
- ^
[1]
10 USC 151. Joint Chiefs of Staff: composition; functions
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