United States Army general
Harry Edward Soyster
(born 6 June 1935) is a retired United States Army
Lieutenant General
.
Overview
[
edit
]
Soyster served as the Commanding General of the
United States Army Intelligence and Security Command
(INSCOM). Upon promotion to the rank of Lieutenant General, Soyster served as the Director of the
Defense Intelligence Agency
at
Bolling Air Force Base
, Washington D.C. Soyster served in this role from December 1988 to September 1991. Upon retirement he was the VP for International Operations for the private military firm
Military Professional Resources Inc.
He later served as Special Assistant to the SEC ARMY for World War II 60th Anniversary Commemorations. Soyster is a member of the
Military Intelligence Hall of Fame
and currently serves on numerous boards of directors and participates in studies on current issues. Lieutenant General Soyster has three daughters (Karin Soyster Fitzgerald, Megan Soyster Heinz, and Allison Moser) and six grandchildren (Julia Moser, Sloan Soyster Heinz, Stephen Moser, Maxwell Soyster Heinz, Reed Soyster Heinz, and Clark Soyster Heinz).
Early life
[
edit
]
Harry Edward Soyster was born on 6 June 1935 in
Altoona, Pennsylvania
and was raised in
Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania
. He attended school there and was subsequently appointed to the
United States Military Academy
at
West Point, NY
. General Soyster was an
Eagle Scout
, Class President, member of the first all-star football team from Hollidaysburg, and captained the first undefeated basketball team in the history of the school.
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
recognized General Soyster for the highest average grade in math and science in his school. He was also recognized as best "All-Around Boy" by local town officials. General Soyster worked in a stone quarry and in construction during summer breaks from school.
Education
[
edit
]
Lieutenant General Soyster was commissioned a second lieutenant of Field Artillery, and awarded a BS in Engineering from the
United States Military Academy
in 1957. He also holds a master of science degree in chemistry from
Pennsylvania State University
in 1963 and a master of science degree in management from the
University of Southern California
and attended programs at
Harvard University
. His military education includes completion of the Field Artillery School, Basic and Advanced Courses; the U.S. Army
Command and General Staff College
graduating in 1968, and the
National War College
at Fort McNair, Washington DC graduating in 1977.
[1]
[2]
[3]
Military career
[
edit
]
Soyster has held a wide variety of important commands and staff positions including tours in
Vietnam
and
Korea
. He was chief of staff,
24th Infantry Division
and Fort Stewart, Georgia, and Deputy Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence Systems and Automation, Office of the Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Headquarters, Department of the Army.
General Soyster served in diverse and significant assignments before becoming DIA director. His initial overseas assignment was in
Italy
with the 1st Battalion, 80th Artillery as platoon leader and assistant operations officer (AS3). He was next an assistant professor of chemistry at the US Military Academy.
In
Vietnam
, he was executive officer (XO) and subsequently operations officer (S3) of the 2nd Battalion, 35th Artillery,
II Field Force
,
U.S. Military Assistance Command Vietnam (MACV)
.
On return to the United States he was assigned as a personnel staff officer, Strength Requirements Branch, Capabilities and Analysis Division, Procurement and Distribution Directorate,
Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff for Personnel
,
U.S. Army
, Washington, D.C. He served as staff operations watch officer and later operations and plans officer, Joint Reconnaissance Center, Operations Directorate, J3,
Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
, Washington, D.C.
He returned overseas to serve as commander of the 1st Battalion, 31st Field Artillery,
2nd Infantry Division
,
Korea
, and later as commander, 2nd Battalion, 17th Field Artillery, 2nd Infantry Division, Korea.
Upon return to the United States, he served at
Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania
, as chief of oral history, U.S. Army Military History Research Collection. After attending the National War College at Fort McNair, he was assigned chief of the Audit and Inspection Compliance Division, U.S. Army Inspector General Agency, Washington, D.C.
He then served as commander, Division Artillery and then Chief of Staff,
24th Infantry Division
, Fort Stewart, Georgia. Upon promotion to brigadier general he was assigned as Deputy Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of the Army, Washington, D.C.
He was promoted to
major general
and assigned as Commanding General of the
U.S. Army Intelligence and Security Command, Arlington Hall Station, Virginia
. Then promoted and assigned,
Director, Defense Intelligence Agency
General Soyster oversaw the Defense intelligence effort in support of the successful U.S. intervention in Panama in 1989 (
Operation JUST CAUSE
). This operation demonstrated the benefits of increased cooperation and planning that had been achieved between DIA and operational force planners, especially when compared to the 1983 Grenada incursion (
Operation URGENT FURY
). The Agency provided threat data on "hot spots" throughout the Middle East, Africa, and Asia, and weighed the impact of changes in the
Soviet Union
, Eastern Europe, and to a lesser degree, Asia, on the rest of world. It supplied decision makers with intelligence support concerning the final Soviet withdrawal from
Afghanistan
, events surrounding the downing of two
Libyan
jets, the civil war in
Liberia
, the
Flight 103
investigation at
Lockerbie, Scotland
, and the
1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
in China. Weapons acquisition issues, counternarcotics, counterterrorism remained a high priority throughout the Defense Intelligence Community.
The end of the Cold War resulted in a reevaluation of the intelligence mission throughout the Intelligence Community as a new era began with the fall of the
Communist Party
in many East European countries, the
reunification of Germany
, and ongoing economic reforms in the region. Emphasis was placed on improved management of DoD-wide intelligence production, but reduced resources threatened to have a negative impact on Agency objectives and manpower levels. Organizationally, the general emphasized the functional manager system as a programming mechanism for addressing the issues of the
Unified & Specified Commands
.
The Assistant Secretary of Defense (Command, Control, Communication, and Intelligence) relationship to DIA was enhanced with authority, direction, and control prerogatives. The
deputy director
position became a civilian position to insure that a substantive intelligence officer would hold that position. The previous two-star position was moved to the Pentagon's J2 office, and the title changed accordingly.
Iraq's invasion on 2 August 1990 of Kuwait
resulted in a coalition of UN forces that resolved to liberate that country. DIA warned of the Iraqi threat in late July. An intensive and extensive 24-hour operation went into effect in DIA with daily tailored intelligence support to coalition forces, participation in daily press briefings, and the full range of printed product support to numerous consumers. All phases of the Agency's workforce and more than 2,000 people contributed to
Operation DESERT SHIELD
. A
Joint Intelligence Center (JIC)
was established to integrate intelligence produced by all sectors of the community. No set of combat commanders has ever had as full and complete a view of his adversary as did U.S. and coalition field commanders during
DESERT STORM
, and this conflict remains one of the greatest examples of intelligence support to operational forces in modern times. For its achievements during the crisis and conflict, DIA received its second
Joint Meritorious Unit Award
from the Secretary of Defense, personally presented by the
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff
,
General Colin L. Powell
, on 26 June 1991.
In post-military work General Soyster was employed by
L-3 Communications Corporation's
Military Personnel Resources Incorporated (MPRI)
, retiring in 2005.
In response to a query regarding his view on torture in 2007 ? in the aftermath of the disclosure of "waterboarding" of
Al-Qaeda
terrorists ? General Soyster gave the following opinion:
Experienced military and intelligence professionals know that torture, in addition to being illegal and immoral, is an unreliable means of extracting information from prisoners. Much is being made of former CIA official John Kiriakou's statement that waterboarding "broke" a high-value terrorist involved in the 9/11 plot. There are always those who, whether out of fear or inexperience, rush to push the panic button instead of relying on what we know works best and most reliably in these situations. I would caution those who would rely on this example. It is far from clear that the information obtained from this prisoner through illegal means could not have been obtained through lawful methods. The FBI was getting good intelligence from this prisoner before the CIA took over. And there are numerous examples of cases where relying on information obtained through torture has disastrous consequences. The reality is that use of torture produces inconsistent results that are an unreliable basis for action and policy. The overwhelming consensus of intelligence professionals is that torture produces unreliable information. And the overwhelming consensus of senior military leaders is that resort to torture is dishonorable. Use of such primitive methods actually puts our own troops and our nation at risk."
[4]
Awards, decorations and badges
[
edit
]
Personal awards and decorations include the
Defense Distinguished Service Medal
,
Army Distinguished Service Medal
with oak leaf cluster,
Legion of Merit
,
Bronze Star
for Valor and one oak leaf clusters, one
Bronze Star
for Meritorious Service,
Purple Heart
, Army
Meritorious Service Medal
with oak leaf cluster, the
Air Medal
with 2 oak leaf clusters, the
Joint Service Commendation Medal
, the
Army Commendation Medal
, the
National Defense Service Medal
, the
Vietnam Service Medal
with four stars,
Army Service Ribbon
,
Army Overseas Service Ribbon
with numeral 2, the
Vietnam Campaign Medal
, and the
Korea Defense Service Medal
.
Unit awards include the
Joint Meritorious Unit Award
, the
Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation
, and the
Vietnam Civil Actions Unit Citation
.
Badges include the
Parachutist Badge
,
Ranger tab
, the
Army General Staff Identification Badge
, and the
Joint Staff Identification Badge
, the
Defense Intelligence Agency Badge
, and the
Expert Marksmanship Badge
.
General Soyster is also the recipient of the
National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal
and the Military Intelligence Corps
Knowlton Award
.
He is a member of the
Military Intelligence Hall of Fame
.
References
[
edit
]