?????????
:
38°42′N
9°11′W
? / ?
38.700°N 9.183°W
? /
38.700; -9.183
????????
??????? ?? ???????
????????
? ????????? ?????
????????
. ???????????
???????
.
- ?????? ???????:
??????????
.
- ???????
:
???????
.
- ????????? ???: ???????.
- ??????: (?????? ) ???.
- ??????? ?????????: (?????????? ) ??? ??????????? (????)??.
| ?????? ????????
Republica Portuguesa
|
|
|
?????:?
"
A Portuguesa
"
"The Portuguese Anthem"
|
|
???????
? ????????? ???
| ??????
38°46′N
9°9′W
? / ?
38.767°N 9.150°W
? /
38.767; -9.150
|
| ????? ??????????
|
?????????
|
| ?????????????????
|
Mirandese
1
|
| ?????? ???????????
?(2007)
|
96.87%
Portuguese
and 3.13% other ethnicities (
????????
ans,
Brazilians
,
Ukrainians
,
Goans
,
???????
ns, etc.)
[?]
|
| ???? ????????
|
Portuguese
|
| ??????
|
Unitary
parliamentary republic
|
| ?-?
|
President
|
Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa
(
PSD
)
|
| ?-?
|
Prime Minister
|
Antonio Costa
(PSD)
|
| ?-?
|
Assembly President
|
Eduardo Ferro Rodrigues
(PSD)
|
| Formation
|
Conventional date for Independence is 1139?
|
|---|
| ?-?
|
Founding
|
868?
|
| ?-?
|
Re-founding
|
1095?
|
| ?-?
|
De facto
sovereignty
|
24 June 1128?
|
| ?-?
|
Kingdom
|
25 July 1139?
|
| ?-?
|
Recognized
|
5 October 1143?
|
| ?-?
|
Papal Recognition
|
23 May 1179?
|
| ?-?
|
Restoration of independence
|
1 December 1640?
|
| ?-?
|
Restoration of independence recognized
|
13 February 1668?
|
| ?-?
|
Republic
|
5 October 1910?
|
| ?-?
|
Democracy
|
25 April 1974?
|
| ??????
|
| ?-?
|
??????
|
??,????????????? ?????????(
110th
)
??,???????????????????
|
| ?-?
|
????(%)
|
0.5
|
| ?????? ?????????
|
| ?-?
|
?????????2011
|
10,647,763
[?]
?(
77th
)
|
| ?-?
|
??????????2011
|
10,555,853
[?]
|
| ?-?
|
???
|
115 ??? ?? ????????? ?????????(
96th
)
????????????????????????
|
| GDP
?(
PPP
)
|
?????????2010
|
| ?-?
|
??????
|
$247.037 billion
[?]
?(
48th
)
|
| ?-?
|
??????
|
$23,222
[?]
?(
39th
)
|
| GDP
(nominal)
|
?????????2010
|
| ?-?
|
??????
|
$229.336 billion
[?]
?(
37th
)
|
| ?-?
|
??????
|
$21,558
[?]
?(
32nd
)
|
| Gini
?(2009)
|
33.7
[?]
|
| HDI
?(2011)
|
 0.809
[?]
?(
very?high
)?(
??st
)
|
| ????
|
????
(
€
)
2
(
EUR
)
|
| ?????? ????
|
WET
(
UTC
+0)
|
| ?-?
|
??????(
DST
)
|
WEST
?(
UTC
+1)
|
| ?????????? ????????????
|
dd-mm-yyyy, yyyy-mm-dd, yyyy/mm/dd
|
| ??? ???????
|
????
|
| ?????? ?????????
|
.pt
|
| ???? ???????
|
351
|
| 1
|
Mirandese
, spoken in some villages of the municipality of
Miranda do Douro
, was officially recognized in 1999 (
Lei n.° 7/99 de 29 de Janeiro
), since then awarding an official right-of-use Mirandese to the linguistic minority it is concerned.
[?]
The
Portuguese Sign Language
is also recognized.
|
| 2
|
Before 1999:
Portuguese escudo
.
|
???????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ? ???????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???
??????? ????????
.
(???????) ???????? ???? ??????? (???????) ???????? (???? = ????) ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ????????? ???? ? ???????? ??????? ? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ???? (???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????) ?? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ?????????? (???????) ?? ?????? ?????? (????????)?? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? (????) ?? ?? ??????????? ?????? (????)? ?? ???????? ??????????? (??????)?? ??????????? ??? ??????? ???????? (??????) ???????
??????? ????????????
?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??????????? ???? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ???????.
??????? ??????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? (??) ???? ????????? ?????? (??) ???? ?????????? (??) ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??(?) ????? ????? ????? ????????? ????????????? (????????? ??????)? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ????.
????? ?????????? ????
????
?????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??,???,??? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ?.?? ?????? ????? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????????? ????? ??? ????? ??.? ????. ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????.
[?]
???????????? ??????? ???? ? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? (??????)???????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ??????????? ??????
?????????
? ???????? ????????????? ?? ???????? ?????? (???) ????? ??? ?? ??????????? ?????? ??? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??(
?????
? ??????? ? ???????) ?? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ???????.
???????? ?????? ??
????? ?????????
?????? ?? ?????????? ???????? ??? ???????????? ??????? ????? ???????? (????????) ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ? ?????????????.
??????? ????????????? ???????????? (??????? ???????)?.
?????? ??????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? (? ?? ??????? ?????) ? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????(???)? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?? (??) ????? ?? ?????? ? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ????? ??????? ?? ?? ????????? ? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ? ?????? ???????????? ??????? (???????? ?????)? ?????? ????? ???????? (???????? ????? )? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ? ???????? ?????? ??? ? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? (??-??) ???????? ?????.
?????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ? ???????????
????????
??????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????????? ??? ??? ??????????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? (?????? ????????)???????? ?? ????????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ??????? (??????? ??????????? ????????)???????? ?????? ??????? ?????????
?????????
.
?????? ???????? ??????? ????????(?????) ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??? ??? ??????? (????) ???????? ???????????? ???????:
???????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????? ? ????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ???????? (???) ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????????? ?? ?????? ? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??.
???????? ????? ??????????? ???????:
? ?????????????.
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??????? ?????? ??? ????????? ?? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????????? ???????? ???? ????? ???????????? (????????)?? ??????? ????????? ? ????? ? ??????? ?? ?????? (??????? ? ???????? ) ?????? ??????? ???????????? ? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????
??????? ??????? ?????? ????????????????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ?? ??????????
??????? ????? ?????
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????????
????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? (?) ??????? ????? ????? (??) ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????? (??) ??????????????? ?????? ???? ????????????? ?????? ?????????? (???) ???????? ? ??????? (????)
????????????
????? ????????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ???? ??? ????????? ??????.
- ???????? ????????? ???????? ? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ???(????):-
?) ??????? ??????? ??????????? (???????)????.
?) ?????? ??????? ???????????(???????) ????.
?) ?????? ??????? ???????????(???????)????.
?) ???????? ??????? ???????????(???????)????.
?) ??????? ??????? ???????????(??????)????.
?) ??????? ??????? ???????????(??????)????.
?) ?????? ? ??????? ???????????(??????)????.
?) ????? ? ??????? ???????????(??????)????.
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????
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??????? ????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???: (?????? ???? ??????) ??????????? ??????????????? ????? (???????)?? ?????? (????????) ?????????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?% ???????? ??? ?????? ??% ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???????????
???????
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????
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???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??? ??:
? ? ??? ???????? ?????????(????????) .
? ? ??? ???????? ??????????? .
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?????? ?????? ???? ? ???????? ? ??? ? ????? ????? ????????? .
??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????????? ????????:
? ????????.
? ??????????? ???????? ? ?????????? .
???????? ????? ????????? ??? ? ??????? ??? ? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? (???) ???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?????.
| ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??
????????
??????.
|