??????? ??????

??????? ??????
( ?????????? : Κωνσταντ?νο? Θ? Μονομ?χο? )?
??????? ?????
???????	1000 ; ???????????
??????	????? 11, 1055 ; ???????????
??? ??????	?????
??????	???????????? ?????????
??????	??? ??????????????
?????	??????? ?????????
?????
???????? ??????
	?? ?????? ; 11 ????? 1042 ? 11 ????? 1055
	??? ?????????????? ??????? ???????
?????? ???????
??????	?????
??????	???????
	????? ????? - ?????

??????? ?????? ????????? ( 1000? - 1055? ):??????? ??????????? ??? (Zoe) ???? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ????????????. ^[1]^[2]^[3]

??? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ? ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ??? ?? 1055? ? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? -??? ????? ????- ?????????. ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????. ?????? ???? ?? ??? 1065? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? -??? ??? ?????- ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??????????.

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ??????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? ????????. ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ????????. ???? ??????? ??? 1004 ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ??????. ?? ????? ??? ??? ???? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????. ????? ???? ??? ?? ???? ????? ???????? ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ????? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????. ^[4]^[5]

??? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ??? 1042 ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????. ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? ???????????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ????????? ?????. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ????? ??????? ?? 11 ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? (???? ???????). ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????. ^[6]

???? ????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ??????. ??? ?????????? ?????? ????? ??????. ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????. ^[7]

?? ????? 1042? ???? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? 1043. ^[8]

?????? ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????. ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? . ??? ????? ??????? ????????? (????? ????? ???? ????? ??????) ????? ???????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???????.

??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????????. ???? ?? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????????? ??? 1044? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????????. ?? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ???. ^[9]

?? ??? 1045 ??? ??????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???. ?? ??? 1046? ???? ?????????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ???????. ?????? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ??? 1048 ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??????. ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????. ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? 1071. ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????????. ?? ??? 1046? ???? ????? ????? ??????????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ????????. ^[10]

?? ??? 1047 ???? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????????? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ??????????. ???? ????????? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ????? ????? ?????. ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? 1048 ???? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???????. ??? ???? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ??????. ^[11]

???? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????? (?? ?????? ??????? ????) ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????. ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????????. ?? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? 500000 ???? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ?????.

?? ??? 1054? ??? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????????? ???????. ????????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??? ?????????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????????? ????????? ??????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ???? ???????. ^[12]

???? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? 11 ????? ?? ????? ??????. ????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ???????.

??????? ????? [ ??? ]

??? ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??? ???????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??: ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ... [???] ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????? ???? ???????. ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????. ^[13]

??? ??????? ????? ??? 1042? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? 1009. ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????.

???? ???? [ ??? ]

?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

????? [ ??? ]

^ "??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ark.frantiq.fr" . ark.frantiq.fr. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-12.
^ "??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? id.loc.gov" . id.loc.gov. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-12.
^ "??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? viaf.org" . viaf.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-10-21.
^ Kazhdan, pg. 504
^ Norwich, pg. 306
^ Finlay, pg. 499
^ Finlay, pg, 510
^ Norwich, pg. 311
^ Finlay, pg. 503
^ Aleksandr Petrovich Kazhdan, Annabel Jane Wharton, Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries , University of California Press, 1985, p. 122.
^ Finlay, pg. 520
^ John H. Rosser, Historical Dictionary of Byzantium , Scarecrow Press, 2001, p. xxx.
^ Norwich, pg. 321

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ??????? ??????

[1] "??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ark.frantiq.fr" . ark.frantiq.fr. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-12.

[2] "??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? id.loc.gov" . id.loc.gov. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-12.

[3] "??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? viaf.org" . viaf.org. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-10-21.

[Kazhdan,_pg._504-4] Kazhdan, pg. 504

[Norwich,_pg._306-5] Norwich, pg. 306

[6] Finlay, pg. 499

[7] Finlay, pg, 510

[Norwich,_pg._311-8] Norwich, pg. 311

[Finlay,_pg._503-9] Finlay, pg. 503

[10] Aleksandr Petrovich Kazhdan, Annabel Jane Wharton, Change in Byzantine Culture in the Eleventh and Twelfth Centuries , University of California Press, 1985, p. 122.

[11] Finlay, pg. 520

[12] John H. Rosser, Historical Dictionary of Byzantium , Scarecrow Press, 2001, p. xxx.

[13] Norwich, pg. 321

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

? ? ? ?????? ??????? ???????????
??? ??????? 27 ? ? ? 235 ?	????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ??????????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????
???? ????? ?????? 235?284	?????????? ????? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????
??? ??????? 284?395	??????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? Severus ???????? Maximinus Daia ???????? ?? Valerius Valens ?Martinianus ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? Vetranio ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????
???????????? ????????? ??????? 395?480	???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? Joannes ?????????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? Glycerius ?????? ????? ??????? ?????????
???????????? ????????? 395?1204	???????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? Zoe ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????
?????????? ????? 1204?1261	??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ????????
???????????? ????????? 1261?1453	??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ??????????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???