????:??????? ???????????? ????????? - ????????? ????? ??? ???????

???? : ??????? ???????????? ?????????

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????? ???????????? ?????????

???	???????????? ????????? ??? ???????
(330?717) ??????	??? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ( ??????? ??????????? · ??????? ?????????????? ) ??? ??????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????
(717?1204) ?????	??? ??????? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????????? ??? ??????? ???????????
(1204?1453) ?????	????? ?????? ??????????? ( ?????? ???????? ??????? ) Frankokratia ????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????? ( ?????????? ????? / ????? ?????? ????????? ? ?????????? ?????????? / ???????? ?????? / ?????????? ?????? ) ??? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ???? ???????????

?????

Central

????? ???????? ?????????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? Imperial bureaucracy Eparch
Early	????? ?????????? Magister officiorum Comes sacrarum largitionum Comes rerum privatarum Quaestor sacri palatii
Middle	Logothetes tou dromou Sakellarios ??????? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????????? Chartoularios tou sakelliou Chartoularios tou vestiariou Epi tou eidikou Protasekretis Epi ton deeseon
Late	Megas logothetes Mesazon

???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ^{[???? ????]}‏

Early	????? ?????????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????
Middle	??? Kleisourai Bandon Catepanates
Late	Kephale Despotates

??????

Battle tactics Military manuals ????? ?????? ????????? Battles Revolts Siege warfare Generals ?????:?????? ????????
Early	????? ???????? ??????? East Roman army ????????? ????????? Scholae Palatinae ?????????
Middle	??? Kleisourai Tourma Droungos Bandon Tagmata Domestic of the Schools Hetaireia Akritai ????? ?????????
Late	????? ???????? Pronoia Vestiaritai Palaiologan army Allagion Paramonai Grand Domestic

????? ????????

?????:????? ?? ???????????? ?????????	????????? ????? ??? ?????? Hesychasm ???????? ??????????? ????????? ?????:?????? ???????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????s ??????? ????????? ????????? ??? ????????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ???????????? ?????????
????? ??????	Codex Theodosianus ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ Hexabiblos Mutilation

??????? ????????

?????:????? ??????? ??????? ?????:????? ??????? ????? Cross-in-square ????? ?????? ????????? ??????????
???????????	??? ??????????? ?????? Blachernae Palace ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???????????? ????? ???????????
???????	??? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????? Hagia Sophia Panagia Chalkeon
????	????? ?????? ?????? Sant'Apollinare in Classe Sant'Apollinare Nuovo ^[??????????]
Other locations	??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ^[??????????] ??? ??? ???? Panagia Gorgoepikoos ??? ???? ?????? ???????

Everyday life

?????? ?????????
Learning

???????
?????????? ???????? ???????? ????????? ^{[???? ????]}‏ Museums ????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????

????? ???????????? ?????????

?????? ?? ≪ https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=????:???????_????????????_?????????&oldid=66857337 ≫

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