????? ?????????? ???????????

????? ?????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? 2006

??????????????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ??????? ^[1] (????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????? ??????????? ^[2]) ?? ????????????? ??? ?????? ??????????? ^[3]? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? 1967 (???? ??????).

?? ????? ??? 2016? ?????? ????? 407 ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ^[4] ? 375 ???? ?? ????? ???????? ???????? ??? 20 ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ^[5]? ????? ???? ????? ??? ?????????? ?? ??? 2007 5.2% ^[6] ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ????? ???? ??????? ^[4]? ??? ???? (?????) 2012? ???? ?????? ???????? ???????????? ??? ???? 350150 ?????? ????? ?? 121 ??????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ? ????? 300 ??? ???????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ? 20000 ?????? ?? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? . ^[7]^[8] ?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ??? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ? ??????? ?????? ? ?????? ????? ?????? ? ??? ???????? ???? ???? ?????. ???????? ?????? ?????? 18000 ?????? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ??? 37000 ??? 55500 ?????? ??? ????.

???? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??? ? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ??? 1979? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? 2005 ????? ??? ?? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ??????? . ?? ??????? ???? ??????? 18 ??????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??? 1982? ??? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? (21 ???????) ?4 ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ??? 2005? ^[9] ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ??????? ^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]^[14] ?????? ?? ????? 158 ???? ?? ??? 166 ???? ???????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? 160 ???? ?? ??? 171 ???? ?? ????? ??? ???? ???????. ^[15] ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ???????? ??????? .

????? ?????? ?????? ?? ≪ ??????? ?????? ≫ ?????????? ??????????? ?? ≪ ??????? ?????????? ≫ ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ^[16] ???? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? 49 ?? ??????? ???? ??????? ? ^[17]^[18] ????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? 448 ?? ???? ??? 1979 ???? ??????? ??? ???????. ?????? ????? ≪ ??????? ?????? ≫ ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????. ^[19] ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ???? 2004. ?? ????? (?????) 2012? ??? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ???????????? ?? ?? ?????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?≪?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ???????????≫. ^[20] ????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ????????? ??????. ^[21]^[22] ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ≪ ??????? ?????? ≫ ?????? ????????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ?????????? ??? ?????. ^[23]

????? ?? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ^[24] ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ? ^[15] ?????? ? ^[25] ???????? ??????? ? ^[26] ?????? ? ^[27] ???????? ???????? ? ^[28] ????????? ??????? ^[15] ???? ?????????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ????? ????????? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ????????.

?????????? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????: ???????? ??? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? 136 ???? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???????

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???? ?????	Elon Moreh	???? ????	??? ???????	1980	?????? ?????	1205	??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????
?????	Adora	?????		1982	?????? ??????	194	^{??? ????}
??????	Argaman	?????		1971	?????? ?????	177	??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ????
?????	Ariel	?????		1978	?????? ?????	??????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ????	17555
?????	Efrat	????				7483
??????	Oranit	??????		1983	?????? ???????	5343	??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ??????

???? ????	Alei Zahav	??? ???		1982	?????? ?????	458	??????? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????
??????	Zufin	???????		1989	?????? ???????	---	???? ????? ???????
?? ?????	Tal Menashe	?? ????		1992\1999			^{??? ????}
???? ?????	Alfei Menashe	???? ????			?????? ???????	5800 (2006)	???? ????? 2 ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????.
???? ?????	Allon Shevut	???? ????		1970	??????? ??? ??? ???????	3152
?????	Almog	?????		1977	?????? ?????	135	??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? (????)
?????	Almon(anatot)	?????				724
???? ?????	Avnei Hefetz	???? ???	??????? ???????	1987	?????? ??????	1?895 ^[29]	^{??? ????}
??? ????		??? ????		1979	?????? ??? ????? ??????		????? ? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ???? ?????.
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?????		?????????		1981	?????? ??? ???? ???????	1623 (2008)
??????	Metzad	????		232 (2003)
??????	Mekhora	?????		1973	?????? ?????	166	??? ????? ???? ???????
??????	Mehola	?????		1967			??? ????? ???? ?????
?????	Barkan\Barqan	????		1981	?????? ?????	1285	^{??? ????}
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??? ??????	Beit ha'Arava	??? ?????		67
??? ?????	Beit Horon	??? ?????		809
??????? ?????	Benjamin Beqa'ot	????? ??????		174
????? ?????	Betar 'Illit	???? ????			?????? ??? ???	25020
??????? ?????	Bitronot Nahal	??? ???????
?????	Bracha	????		948
????? ?? ????	Dolev	????	???? ?????	1983	???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????	938
???? ?????	Mevo Horon	???? ?????		1970		2669	??? ????? ??? ???? ? ?????? ?????
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??????	El'azar	?????		1067
????? ?????	Elisha Nahal	??? ?????		??? ??????	753 (2000)
?????? (??????????)	Elkana	?????		1977	??????? ????? ????????	??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????	4000 (2002)
????????	Emmanuel	??????		3054	??????? ????? ????????		??? ????? ???????? ???? ?????
??? ?????	En Hogla	??? ????
????	Eli		??? (???? ?????)	1984	?????? ?????	???????? ??????? ??? ????? ???????	2296
?????	Enav	????	???	1981	?????? ??????	496	^{??? ???? ? ??? ????? ???? ????}
??????	Eshkolot	???????		227
???? ??????	Etz Efrayim	?? ?????		1985	?????? ?????
?????	Gannim	????	?? ???????
??????? ???	Geva Binyamin Adam	??? ?????? (???)		2019	?????? ??? ???? ???????
?????	Geva'ot	?????
?????	Gilgal	????		182
????	Gittit	????		1972	?????? ?????		188
????? ?????	Giv'on haHadasha	????? ?????				1287
????		?????		1973	?????? ?????	40000(2010)
??? ????	Hagai	????? ??????		1989	?????? ??????	377
?????? ?? ?????? (????? ?????)	Hamra	????		1971	?????? ?????	161
??? ????	Har Adar Giv'at HaRadar	?? ??? (???? ?????)				2135
??? ????	Har Gilo	?? ????			??? ??? ???? / ?????? ??? ???	411
??????? (??? ??? ????)	Har Homa	?? ????		????? ?????????	??? ??? ????? / ?????? ??? ???	25000(2013)
?????????	Hashmona'im	????????				2532
?????? (??????? ?????? ???????)	Hebron	?????
?????	Hemdat Nahal	???? ???
?????	Hermesh	????		1984	?????? ??????	217
???????	Hinanit	??????				698	^{??? ????}
????	Homesh	????		?? ???????	??????? ???? ???????
??????	Itamar	?????			?????? ?????	555
?????	Kaddim	????		?? ???????
?????	Kalya	????				286
????? ???	Karmei Zur	???? ???				648
????	Karmel	????
????? ?????	Karne Shomron	???? ??????			??????? ????? ????????
?????	Kedar	????				623
???? ??????	Kfar Adummim	??? ??????			??? ??? ? ?????? ?????	2098
???? ????	Kfar Tapuah	??? ????		1978	????? ? ?????? ?????	645
????? ??????	Kiryat Netafim	??? ?????		403
????? ?????	Kokhav haShahar	???? ????		1391
????? ?????	Kokhav Ya'acov (Abir Ya'acov)	???? ????	??? ?????	1984	?????? ??? ???? ???????	4377\ 5600(2007)
????	Lapid	????
????? ???		???? ???		1977	?????? ?????
?????? ??????	Ma'ale Adummim	???? ??????		1975	?????? ?????	30346
?????? ?????	Ma'ale Amos	???? ????				361
?????? ???????	Ma'ale Efrayim	???? ?????		1978	?????	1696
????? ????	Ma'alot Dafna	????? ????		1968	?????? ?????	3712 (2004)	??????? 61.8 ????? (2005)
?????? ?????	Ma'ale Mikhmas	???? ????			?????? ??? ???? ???????	1104
??????? ?????		?????????? ???????		1994	??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????		?????? ?? ???????? ?????????
??? ???	Beit El	??? ??	??? ????	1977	???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????		4868
?????	Hallamish	?????		1070	???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????		??? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ????
????? ????	Giv'at Ze'ev	???? ???	??? ???? ? ???? ??????????	1977	???? ??? ?????? ?????	10926
?????? ??????	Ma'ale Shomron	???? ??????			?????? ???????
????? ????	Kiryat Arba'	????????????????	????? ??????? (???????? ???????)		?????? ??????	6090
???? ??????	Kfar Etzion	??? ?????				524
?????? ??????	Ma'ale Levona	???? ?????		1984	?????? ?????	534
?????	Ateret	????				344
??????	Kedumim	??????			??? ???? ??? / ???????	3263
???????	otnail	??????????		1983	??? ????? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????.
?????	Susia	?????		1983	??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? .		???? ?????? ??????????? ?? ??????
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?????	shaked	??????	???	1981	????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????	2500	?????? ?? ?????????
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??????? [ ??? ]

^ Report on Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories : a bimonthly publication of the Foundation for Middle East Peace
^ EU Trade with Israeli Settlements , a briefing paper ???? ?????? 10 ???? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ????? ???????/?????? ??????? ???? ?????? 24 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
???? ??????
]}
^ ^? ^? http://www.inn.co.il/Articles/Article.aspx/14370 "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-10-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-01-24 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
^ http://www.inn.co.il/Articles/Article.aspx/14370
^ http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3496637,00.html
^ Sherwood? Harriet (26 ????? 2012). "Population of Jewish settlements in West Bank up 15,000 in a year" . The Guardian . London. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2013-07-10.
^ "Facts About Jewish Settlements in the West Bank" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-11-23.
^
- Gershom Gorenberg (2007). The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967?1977 . Macmillan. ?. 363 So argued the government of Israel before the country's Supreme Court in the spring of 2005, defending its decision to dismantle all Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip and four in the northern West Bank. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.
^ Anthony Cordesman , Jennifer Moravitz, The Israeli-Palestinian war: escalating to nowhere, Greenwood Publishing Group, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2005 p.432.:'Between 1993 and 1999, settlers established 42 "unofficial" settlements, only four of which were subsequently dismantled. More than a dozen new settlements were established between the 1998 Wye Accord [sic: it's the Wye River Memorandum , but Oslo Accords ] and the outbreak of war, although former Prime Minister Netanyahu supposedly ^[
???
] promised Clinton that he would halt expansion.' p.433. ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Zeev Maoz Defending the Holy Land: a critical analysis of Israel's security & foreign policy, University of Michigan Press, 2006 p.472: 'As can be seen from the table, in 1993 there were about 110,000 settlers in the occupied territories. In 2001 there were 195,000 (Note that the number of settlers increased by 18 percent during the ????????? ?????????? ??????? ). This was an increase of 73 percent' ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ ????? ????? ? Palestine/Israel: peace or apartheid Zed Books, 2003 p.133: 'The settlement expansion has continued unabated...and accelerated after the launch of the peace process.’ p.133. ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Baylis Thomas, The Dark Side of Zionism: Israel's Quest for Security Through Dominance Lexington Books, 3011 p.137:'Six years after the agreement there were more Israeli settlements, less freedom of movement, and worse economic conditions." Settlement building and roads for Jewish settlers proceeded at a frenetic pace under Barak ? the classic Zionist maneuver of creating of facts on the ground to preclude a Palestinian state.’ p.137. ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Barahona? Ana (2013). Bearing Witness - Eight weeks in Palestine . London: Metete. ?. 49. ISBN : 978-1-908099-02-0 .
^ ^? ^? ^? "Israeli settlement plan denounced" . BBC. 8 ?????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-16 .
^
- Roberts? Adam . "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law . American Society of International Law. ?. 84 ?. 1: 85?86. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.
- Pertile? Marco (2005). " 'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". ?? Conforti? Benedetto? Bravo? Luigi (????????). The Italian Yearbook of International Law . Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 14. ?. 141. ISBN : 978-90-04-15027-0 . the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars.
- Barak-Erez? Daphne (2006). "Israel: The security barrier?between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review". International Journal of Constitutional Law . Oxford University Press. ?. 4 ?. 3: 548. The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation.
- Drew? Catriona (1997). "Self-determination and population transfer". ?? Bowen? Stephen (??????). Human rights, self-determination and political change in the occupied Palestinian territories . International studies in human rights. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 52. ?. 151?152. ISBN : 978-90-411-0502-8 . It can thus clearly be concluded that the transfer of Israeli settlers into the occupied territories violates not only the laws of belligerent occupation but the Palestinian right of self-determination under international law. The question remains, however, whether this is of any practical value. In other words, given the view of the international community that the Israeli settlements are illegal under the law if belligerent occupation...
- ????? ????? ??????? (2005). "The situation of workers of the occupied Arab territories" (PDF) . ?. 14. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2016-06-16. The international community considers Israeli settlements within the occupied territories illegal and in breach of, inter alia, United Nations Security Council resolution 465 of 1 March 1980 calling on Israel "to dismantle the existing settlements and in particular to cease, on an urgent basis, the establishment, construction and planning of settlements in the Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem".
- Civilian and military presence as strategies of territorial control: The Arab-Israel conflict, David Newman, Political Geography Quarterly Volume 8, Issue 3, July 1989, Pages 215?227
^ "UN Security Council Resolution 465" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-19.
^
- "What next for Gaza and West Bank?" . BBC. 30 ????? 2005. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-01-05 . Most Israelis support the pullout, but some feel the government has given in to Palestinian militant groups, and worry that further withdrawals will follow. Palestinian critics point out that Gaza will remain under Israeli control, and that they are being denied a political say in the disengagement process.
- Yearbook of the United Nations 2005 . United Nations Publications. 2007. ?. 514. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-10-11. The Israeli Government was preparing to implement an unprecedented initiative: the disengagement of all Israeli civilians and forces from the Gaza Strip and the dismantling of four settlements in the northern West Bank.
- Yael Yishai (1987). Land Or Peace . Hoover Press. ?. 58. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-11. During 1982 Israel's government stuck to its territorial policy in word and deed. All the settlements in Sinai were evacuated in accordance with the Camp David Accords, but settlement activity in the other territories continued uninterrupted. A few days after the final withdrawal from Sinai had been completed, Begin announced that he would introduce a resolution barring future governments from dismantling settlements, even as a result of peace negotiations.
^ Donald MacIntyre, The Big Question: What are Israeli settlements, and why are they coming under pressure? , ?? ???????? 29 May 2009 ???? ?????? 26 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ Natasha Mozgovaya, ?????? and The ??????? ??? ? Palestinians call on UN to stop Israeli settlement legalization , at ?????? , 26 April 2012. "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-01-26 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )
^ Michal Shmulovich (24 ????? 2012). "World leaders blast legalization of three West Bank outposts" . The Times of Israel . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-29 .
^ Michal Shmulovich (26 ????? 2012). "EU urges Israel to reverse its authorization of three West Bank outposts" . The Times of Israel . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-12-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-29 .
^ "Israel, the Conflict and Peace: Answers to frequently asked questions" . Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs . ?????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 28 ?????? 2018 . ???? ???? ?????? ????? 2020 . Are Israeli settlements legal? {{ ??????? ??? }}: ???? ?? ??????? ??: |????? ??????= ( ?????? )
^ "Palestinians condemn settlements plan" . ????????? ????? . 20 ???? 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2011-08-27.
^ "Russia urges Israel to halt settlement construction" . RIA Novosti. 2 ?????? 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-10-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-06-07 .
^ "Britain: Israeli settlements are 'illegal' and 'obstacle' to peace" . ?????? . 4 ?????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-01-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-16 .
^ "France condemns Israel over settlement building decision" . ????? ??????? . 21 ???? 2014. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-04-05 .
^ "EU's Ashton SAYS Israeli settlement plans hurt peace moves" . Reuters. 15 ???? 2010. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-16 .
^ Population in the Localities israel 2018 ???? ?????? 27 ?????? 2016 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[1] Report on Israeli Settlement in the Occupied Territories : a bimonthly publication of the Foundation for Middle East Peace

[2] EU Trade with Israeli Settlements , a briefing paper ???? ?????? 10 ???? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[3] ????? ???????/?????? ??????? ???? ?????? 24 ?????? 2013 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
???? ??????
]}

[inn.co.il-4] ? ^? http://www.inn.co.il/Articles/Article.aspx/14370 "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-10-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2021-01-24 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )

[5] ttp://www.inn.co.il/Articles/Article.aspx/14370

[6] ttp://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3496637,00.html

[7] Sherwood? Harriet (26 ????? 2012). "Population of Jewish settlements in West Bank up 15,000 in a year" . The Guardian . London. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2013-07-10.

[8] "Facts About Jewish Settlements in the West Bank" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-11-23.

[West_Bank-9] 
Gershom Gorenberg (2007). The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967?1977 . Macmillan. ?. 363 So argued the government of Israel before the country's Supreme Court in the spring of 2005, defending its decision to dismantle all Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip and four in the northern West Bank. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.

[10] Gershom Gorenberg (2007). The Accidental Empire: Israel and the Birth of the Settlements, 1967?1977 . Macmillan. ?. 363 So argued the government of Israel before the country's Supreme Court in the spring of 2005, defending its decision to dismantle all Israeli settlements in the Gaza Strip and four in the northern West Bank. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.

[10] Anthony Cordesman , Jennifer Moravitz, The Israeli-Palestinian war: escalating to nowhere, Greenwood Publishing Group, Center for Strategic and International Studies, 2005 p.432.:'Between 1993 and 1999, settlers established 42 "unofficial" settlements, only four of which were subsequently dismantled. More than a dozen new settlements were established between the 1998 Wye Accord [sic: it's the Wye River Memorandum , but Oslo Accords ] and the outbreak of war, although former Prime Minister Netanyahu supposedly ^[
???
] promised Clinton that he would halt expansion.' p.433. ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[11] Zeev Maoz Defending the Holy Land: a critical analysis of Israel's security & foreign policy, University of Michigan Press, 2006 p.472: 'As can be seen from the table, in 1993 there were about 110,000 settlers in the occupied territories. In 2001 there were 195,000 (Note that the number of settlers increased by 18 percent during the ????????? ?????????? ??????? ). This was an increase of 73 percent' ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[12] ????? ????? ? Palestine/Israel: peace or apartheid Zed Books, 2003 p.133: 'The settlement expansion has continued unabated...and accelerated after the launch of the peace process.’ p.133. ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[13] Baylis Thomas, The Dark Side of Zionism: Israel's Quest for Security Through Dominance Lexington Books, 3011 p.137:'Six years after the agreement there were more Israeli settlements, less freedom of movement, and worse economic conditions." Settlement building and roads for Jewish settlers proceeded at a frenetic pace under Barak ? the classic Zionist maneuver of creating of facts on the ground to preclude a Palestinian state.’ p.137. ???? ?????? 02 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[14] Barahona? Ana (2013). Bearing Witness - Eight weeks in Palestine . London: Metete. ?. 49. ISBN : 978-1-908099-02-0 .

[Aussie-15] ? ^? ^? "Israeli settlement plan denounced" . BBC. 8 ?????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-16 .

[ic-16] 
Roberts? Adam . "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law . American Society of International Law. ?. 84 ?. 1: 85?86. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.

Pertile? Marco (2005). " 'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". ?? Conforti? Benedetto? Bravo? Luigi (????????). The Italian Yearbook of International Law . Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 14. ?. 141. ISBN : 978-90-04-15027-0 . the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars.

Barak-Erez? Daphne (2006). "Israel: The security barrier?between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review". International Journal of Constitutional Law . Oxford University Press. ?. 4 ?. 3: 548. The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation.

Drew? Catriona (1997). "Self-determination and population transfer". ?? Bowen? Stephen (??????). Human rights, self-determination and political change in the occupied Palestinian territories . International studies in human rights. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 52. ?. 151?152. ISBN : 978-90-411-0502-8 . It can thus clearly be concluded that the transfer of Israeli settlers into the occupied territories violates not only the laws of belligerent occupation but the Palestinian right of self-determination under international law. The question remains, however, whether this is of any practical value. In other words, given the view of the international community that the Israeli settlements are illegal under the law if belligerent occupation...

????? ????? ??????? (2005). "The situation of workers of the occupied Arab territories" (PDF) . ?. 14. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2016-06-16. The international community considers Israeli settlements within the occupied territories illegal and in breach of, inter alia, United Nations Security Council resolution 465 of 1 March 1980 calling on Israel "to dismantle the existing settlements and in particular to cease, on an urgent basis, the establishment, construction and planning of settlements in the Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem".

Civilian and military presence as strategies of territorial control: The Arab-Israel conflict, David Newman, Political Geography Quarterly Volume 8, Issue 3, July 1989, Pages 215?227

[18] Roberts? Adam . "Prolonged Military Occupation: The Israeli-Occupied Territories Since 1967". The American Journal of International Law . American Society of International Law. ?. 84 ?. 1: 85?86. The international community has taken a critical view of both deportations and settlements as being contrary to international law. General Assembly resolutions have condemned the deportations since 1969, and have done so by overwhelming majorities in recent years. Likewise, they have consistently deplored the establishment of settlements, and have done so by overwhelming majorities throughout the period (since the end of 1976) of the rapid expansion in their numbers. The Security Council has also been critical of deportations and settlements; and other bodies have viewed them as an obstacle to peace, and illegal under international law.

[19] Pertile? Marco (2005). " 'Legal Consequences of the Construction of a Wall in the Occupied Palestinian Territory': A Missed Opportunity for International Humanitarian Law?". ?? Conforti? Benedetto? Bravo? Luigi (????????). The Italian Yearbook of International Law . Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 14. ?. 141. ISBN : 978-90-04-15027-0 . the establishment of the Israeli settlements in the Occupied Palestinian Territory has been considered illegal by the international community and by the majority of legal scholars.

[20] Barak-Erez? Daphne (2006). "Israel: The security barrier?between international law, constitutional law, and domestic judicial review". International Journal of Constitutional Law . Oxford University Press. ?. 4 ?. 3: 548. The real controversy hovering over all the litigation on the security barrier concerns the fate of the Israeli settlements in the occupied territories. Since 1967, Israel has allowed and even encouraged its citizens to live in the new settlements established in the territories, motivated by religious and national sentiments attached to the history of the Jewish nation in the land of Israel. This policy has also been justified in terms of security interests, taking into consideration the dangerous geographic circumstances of Israel before 1967 (where Israeli areas on the Mediterranean coast were potentially threatened by Jordanian control of the West Bank ridge). The international community, for its part, has viewed this policy as patently illegal, based on the provisions of the Fourth Geneva Convention that prohibit moving populations to or from territories under occupation.

[21] Drew? Catriona (1997). "Self-determination and population transfer". ?? Bowen? Stephen (??????). Human rights, self-determination and political change in the occupied Palestinian territories . International studies in human rights. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. ?. 52. ?. 151?152. ISBN : 978-90-411-0502-8 . It can thus clearly be concluded that the transfer of Israeli settlers into the occupied territories violates not only the laws of belligerent occupation but the Palestinian right of self-determination under international law. The question remains, however, whether this is of any practical value. In other words, given the view of the international community that the Israeli settlements are illegal under the law if belligerent occupation...

[22] ????? ????? ??????? (2005). "The situation of workers of the occupied Arab territories" (PDF) . ?. 14. ????? ?? ????? (PDF) ?? 2016-06-16. The international community considers Israeli settlements within the occupied territories illegal and in breach of, inter alia, United Nations Security Council resolution 465 of 1 March 1980 calling on Israel "to dismantle the existing settlements and in particular to cease, on an urgent basis, the establishment, construction and planning of settlements in the Arab territories occupied since 1967, including Jerusalem".

[23] Civilian and military presence as strategies of territorial control: The Arab-Israel conflict, David Newman, Political Geography Quarterly Volume 8, Issue 3, July 1989, Pages 215?227

[UN_Resolutions_446,_452,_and_465-17] "UN Security Council Resolution 465" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-19.

[18] 
"What next for Gaza and West Bank?" . BBC. 30 ????? 2005. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-01-05 . Most Israelis support the pullout, but some feel the government has given in to Palestinian militant groups, and worry that further withdrawals will follow. Palestinian critics point out that Gaza will remain under Israeli control, and that they are being denied a political say in the disengagement process.

Yearbook of the United Nations 2005 . United Nations Publications. 2007. ?. 514. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-10-11. The Israeli Government was preparing to implement an unprecedented initiative: the disengagement of all Israeli civilians and forces from the Gaza Strip and the dismantling of four settlements in the northern West Bank.

Yael Yishai (1987). Land Or Peace . Hoover Press. ?. 58. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-11. During 1982 Israel's government stuck to its territorial policy in word and deed. All the settlements in Sinai were evacuated in accordance with the Camp David Accords, but settlement activity in the other territories continued uninterrupted. A few days after the final withdrawal from Sinai had been completed, Begin announced that he would introduce a resolution barring future governments from dismantling settlements, even as a result of peace negotiations.

[26] "What next for Gaza and West Bank?" . BBC. 30 ????? 2005. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-05 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-01-05 . Most Israelis support the pullout, but some feel the government has given in to Palestinian militant groups, and worry that further withdrawals will follow. Palestinian critics point out that Gaza will remain under Israeli control, and that they are being denied a political say in the disengagement process.

[27] Yearbook of the United Nations 2005 . United Nations Publications. 2007. ?. 514. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-10-11. The Israeli Government was preparing to implement an unprecedented initiative: the disengagement of all Israeli civilians and forces from the Gaza Strip and the dismantling of four settlements in the northern West Bank.

[28] Yael Yishai (1987). Land Or Peace . Hoover Press. ?. 58. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2020-02-11. During 1982 Israel's government stuck to its territorial policy in word and deed. All the settlements in Sinai were evacuated in accordance with the Camp David Accords, but settlement activity in the other territories continued uninterrupted. A few days after the final withdrawal from Sinai had been completed, Begin announced that he would introduce a resolution barring future governments from dismantling settlements, even as a result of peace negotiations.

[19] Donald MacIntyre, The Big Question: What are Israeli settlements, and why are they coming under pressure? , ?? ???????? 29 May 2009 ???? ?????? 26 ?????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[20] Natasha Mozgovaya, ?????? and The ??????? ??? ? Palestinians call on UN to stop Israeli settlement legalization , at ?????? , 26 April 2012. "???? ??????" . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2015-09-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-01-26 . {{ ??????? ??? }}: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown ( link )

[21] Michal Shmulovich (24 ????? 2012). "World leaders blast legalization of three West Bank outposts" . The Times of Israel . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-03-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-29 .

[22] Michal Shmulovich (26 ????? 2012). "EU urges Israel to reverse its authorization of three West Bank outposts" . The Times of Israel . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-12-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-04-29 .

[MFA_FAQ_settlements-23] "Israel, the Conflict and Peace: Answers to frequently asked questions" . Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs . ?????? 2007. ????? ?? ????? ?? 28 ?????? 2018 . ???? ???? ?????? ????? 2020 . Are Israeli settlements legal? {{ ??????? ??? }}: ???? ?? ??????? ??: |????? ??????= ( ?????? )

[24] "Palestinians condemn settlements plan" . ????????? ????? . 20 ???? 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2011-08-27.

[25] "Russia urges Israel to halt settlement construction" . RIA Novosti. 2 ?????? 2011. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-10-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-06-07 .

[26] "Britain: Israeli settlements are 'illegal' and 'obstacle' to peace" . ?????? . 4 ?????? 2009. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2010-01-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-16 .

[27] "France condemns Israel over settlement building decision" . ????? ??????? . 21 ???? 2014. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-04-05 .

[28] "EU's Ashton SAYS Israeli settlement plans hurt peace moves" . Reuters. 15 ???? 2010. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2010-03-16 .

[29] Population in the Localities israel 2018 ???? ?????? 27 ?????? 2016 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

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