???????? ????????? ??? ??????
??
???????? ????????? ???????
?? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?? ??????
??????
??
??? ??????
??? 1920 ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? (1920-1948)? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ??????
????????
??????
??? ????
?????? ?????????
???
????? ???????? ??????
??????
?????? ????
.
[1]
??
11 ??????
1922
?????
???? ?????
???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ???? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? 1917 ???????? ????
??? ?????
? ???? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??
??????? ?????????
?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?????????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??????.
[2]
???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???
??????
?????? ????
??? ??????
? ??? ?? ?????? 25 ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ???????? ?? ??? 1921 ????
?????? ??? ??????
? ??????
????? ??? ??????
???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????.
[3]
?????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? 1946 ?????
??????? ????????
? ???????? ???????
???? ??????
?? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ???????? ??? 1948? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??
???? ???????
?????? ??????? ????? ???
.
???? ?????
?????
????? ???????? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ????? ????????. ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ≪??? ????≫ ????? ????. ??? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ??????.
???????
[
???
]
?? ???
1917
?????
?????? ??????????
??????? ??
???
????? ??????? ??
??????
??
?????? ?????????
? ????? ????? ????? ???????. ??
9 ??????
/
????? ??????
1917
??? ????
?????? ??????????
???????
?????? ?????
?????
?????
?? ???
????
. ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??
??????
???????
?? ????
?????
???? ???? ??? ?????
??????????
???
??????
/
????? ?????
1187
??? ??????? ??
?????????
??? ??
???? ????? ???????
. ????
????????
??????
?????? ????????
?? ????? ??? ?????
???? ?????
????? ??
??????? ?????-????
?????? ??
16 ????
/
????
1916
??? ??????? ???????. ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ?????
??????
(??
??? ?????
?????? ???
???
?????? ???????) ?????? ?????? ???????
??????
? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ????????
????????
?? ??? ????? ?? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ???
?????? ??????
??????
????
? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ?????
????????
??
??????
.
??
?????
/
?????
1920
????? ?????? ≪??? ???????≫ (??
?????
?????????
??? ????
?????
???) ???????? ??
????? ???????? ??????
?? ?????
??? ????
?????????
???? ??????
????? ??? ????
??????
??????? ?????-????
?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??
?????? ?????????
. ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???
??????
?????????
?????? ?????? ???? ??????.
??? ??????? ??????? ???
??????? ??????
?? ?????
????????
? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??????
??????
??????? ????? ?????
??????
?????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????????? ???
1927
???
?????? ?????????
.
?????
??????? ??????????
(????
?????? ?????
???? ?????? ??????????) ???
???? ?????
??? ?????
????? ?????
?? ??
????????
???
??????
??????
???????? ???????????
??
??????
???????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???
?????? ????
???
????? ??????
??????
?????????
??????
????????
???? ??? ????
?????
??????? ??
?????? ???????
?? ???? ???????
??????
. ????
?????? ?????
???? ?????
??????
(?? ??? 17-1926) ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ???????:
≪??? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ≪????? ??????≫ ?? ???????
?????????
. ????
??????
????? ?????
?????? ?????????
??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??
?????
? ??? ?? ????? ≪????? ??????≫ ??? ????? -?? ??? ????? ????????- ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ≪?????? ???????≫ ????? ?????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??
???
?? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????
??????????
????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????
??????
??????????
???????
?????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??
???
.
??? ???? ≪????? ????? ????? ???????≫ ??????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???????
??????
???????????
????????
????????
? ????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????????
???????
?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????
????
?? ???????. ??? ????? ≪????? ????? ????? ???????≫ ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ?????
??????
...
??? ??
???? ?????
?? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ????
????????
?? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ???
?????????
≫.
[4]
????? ???????? ???????
[
???
]
???? ??????? ???? ??????
[
???
]
?? 10 ????? ?? ??? 1940? ?????
???????
????? ???
????????? ?????????
??????? ??? ???? ???????. ?? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????????.
[5]
?? ??? 1942? ???? ???? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????????
????? ?????
????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ????
??????
???? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ??????. ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ≪200 ??? ?? ??????≫. ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? - ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? (??? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ????????).
[6]
????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??????????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ???????? ???????. ??? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????????. ??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????. ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 1943? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????
???? ???? ???????
? ????? ?? ?? ????? ??? ??? ?? ???????? ??
?????
.
[7]
???????
[
???
]
?? 3 ????? ?? ??? 1944? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????. ?? 20 ?????? ?? ??? 1944? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????. ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ?? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ????????. ?? ??? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????.
[8]
?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ????? ?? ???? ???? ??? 1945 ?? ???????.
??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??? 1944 ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? (?? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????) ????? ????? ????? ???????.
?????????? ???? ??????
[
???
]
?? ??? 1939? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? 1939? ??? ??????????? ??? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????. ????
????? ???????? ???????
?????? ?????????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? 15,000 ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????????.
[9]
???????? ?? ??? 1939? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ??. ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????. ?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ?????
?? ?? ??????
????????? ?? ???? ?? ???? 267 ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ?????????? ???????: ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????
??????
?? ?????? ?? ??? 1942 ?????? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? 800 ???. ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? 1944. ????? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ???? ?? ??? 300 ? 400 ????. ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????.
[10]
??? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????? 250,000 ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? (?? ??) ?? ??????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? 100,000 ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??????.
[11]
????? ??????? ????????
[
???
]
???? ???? ????? ???????? (????????? ?? ??? ???? ???????) ??? ???? ???? ????? (??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????) ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ????????? ?? ????????? ????? ???????. ?? 6 ?????? ?? ??? 1944? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ???? (????? ???? ?????) ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? (????? ???? ?????) ?? ???????. ??? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????????. ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ????? (?? ?? ????? ???? ≪???? ?????≫) ??????? ?????????? ?? ???? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ≪???????? ?????????≫ ?? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? ?????.
[12]
??????
[
???
]
?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ?? 16 ??????? ??????? ??? ????????:
???? ?????? ??? 1945
|
??????
|
??????
|
??????
|
????
|
??????
|
???????
|
??????
|
???????
|
???? ???
|
51,130
|
69%
|
3,030
|
4%
|
11,800
|
16%
|
73,600
|
???? ??? ?????
|
6,270
|
90%
|
510
|
7%
|
210
|
3%
|
7,000
|
???? ?????
|
16,660
|
67%
|
7,590
|
30%
|
680
|
3%
|
24,950
|
???? ???
|
145,700
|
97%
|
3,540
|
2%
|
1,300
|
1%
|
150,540
|
???? ????
|
95,970
|
38%
|
119,020
|
47%
|
33,710
|
13%
|
253,450
|
???? ??????
|
92,640
|
99%
|
300
|
<1%
|
170
|
<1%
|
93,120
|
???? ????
|
95,980
|
24%
|
295,160
|
72%
|
17,790
|
4%
|
409,290
|
???? ????
|
60,000
|
98%
|
??? ???? ???
|
<1%
|
1,210
|
2%
|
61,210
|
???? ?????
|
104,460
|
42%
|
102,520
|
40%
|
46,130
|
18%
|
253,270
|
???? ?????
|
92,810
|
98%
|
??? ???? ???
|
<1%
|
1,560
|
2%
|
94,600
|
???? ???????
|
30,160
|
60%
|
7,980
|
16%
|
11,770
|
24%
|
49,910
|
???? ??? ????
|
40,520
|
83%
|
??? ???? ???
|
<1%
|
8,410
|
17%
|
48,930
|
???? ??????
|
95,590
|
71%
|
31,590
|
24%
|
5,840
|
4%
|
134,030
|
???? ???
|
47,310
|
83%
|
7,170
|
13%
|
1,630
|
3%
|
56,970
|
???? ?????
|
23,940
|
58%
|
13,640
|
33%
|
2,470
|
6%
|
41,470
|
???? ??????
|
76,460
|
82%
|
16,180
|
17%
|
380
|
1%
|
93,220
|
???????
|
1,076,780
|
58%
|
608,230
|
33%
|
145,060
|
9%
|
1,845,560
|
Data from the Survey of Palestine
[13]
|
??????
[
???
]
??? ?????????? ???????? ???? 367,845 ???? (?? ?????? ???? ??????) ???
??????
??? ?????
????? ??19
? ???? 33,304 ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? 1920 ?1945. ???? ???? ????? 50,000-60,000 ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????. ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????.
????
????????
???????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????? (??????? ?? ??????) ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????. ??? ??? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ?????
?????? ??????
???? ?????? ???? ?????? ???????. ??? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????????. ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????. ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ≪???????≫ ???? ???? ??????? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?????? ???? ????? ????????. ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ≪?????≫
??????? ????? (????)
???? ???? ??????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???????????.
?????? ???????? 1936 - 1939
[
???
]
??? ???? ?????
?? ????? ??????
??? ???? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ??
????
?? ????? ?????? / ?????? 1935 ??? ??? ???????? ?????????? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??
????
. ???? ???? ?????? ?? ????? / ????? 1936? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? / ?????? 1936 ??????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????????.
?? ??? 1937? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? (?? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????????)? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????
???????
. ?? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ?????. ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? (300 ???? ????? 158) ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ????????? ???????? ??????????
[
????? ?????
]
.
?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ???? ????. ???? ?????? ?? 18 ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????? ???
?????
??????
???????
. ???? ?????? ?????????? (????? ?? 6000 ???? ??????) ????? ?????????. ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????. ???? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? (??? ????? ????) ????? ??? ??? ????? ??
??????
?????? ???
??? ?? ????
.
???????? ????? ?? ??????? 5000 ??????? ???? 10000? ???? 262 ???? ??????? ???? 550? ???? 300 ??????.
??? ???
1947
??????
???? 1948
??? ????? 750,000 ???? ??????? ?? ???????.
[15]
??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????? (???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??????) ????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ???????? ?????. ??? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ???????.
???? ?????
[
???
]
?????
[
???
]
- ^
"???????? ????????? | ???? ????????? ?????? ?????????"
.
info.wafa.ps
. ????? ??
?????
?? 2020-05-29
. ???? ???? ??????
2020-05-29
.
- ^
"?? ?????? ?????? - ???? ????"
.
ar.wikisource.org
. ????? ??
?????
?? 2019-05-06
. ???? ???? ??????
2020-10-20
.
- ^
??????? ?????? ????? ?????? - ???? ???? - ??? Google
???? ??????
4 ????? 2016 ??? ????
??? ??? ????
.
- ^
?????? ????????-????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????: ??. ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???????? 2004? ? 400.
- ^
1922 Palestine Order in Council
???? ??????
16 September 2014 ??? ????
??? ??? ????
.
- ^
"Palestine. The Constitution Suspended. Arab Boycott Of Elections. Back To British Rule"
The Times
, 30 May 1923, p. 14, Issue 43354
- ^
Las, Nelly.
"International Council of Jewish Women"
. International Council of Jewish Women. ????? ??
?????
?? 2021-08-16
. ???? ???? ??????
2018-11-20
.
- ^
League of Nations,
Official Journal
, October 1923, p. 1217.
- ^
Segev? Tom
(1999).
One Palestine, Complete
. Metropolitan Books. ?.
360?362
.
ISBN
:
978-0-8050-4848-3
. ????? ??
?????
?? 2021-11-09.
- ^
Smith? Charles D. (2007).
Palestine and the Arab?Israeli Conflict: A History with Documents
(?. Sixth). ?.
111
?225.
- ^
Reuven Firestone (2012).
Holy War in Judaism: The Fall and Rise of a Controversial Idea
. Oxford University Press. ?. 192.
ISBN
:
978-0-19-986030-2
. ????? ??
?????
?? 2021-12-15.
- ^
(
Khalidi 1987
, p. 845)
- ^
A Survey of Palestine : Prepared in December, 1945 and January, 1946 for the Information of the Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry
. Institute for Palestine Studies. ?. 1. 1991. ?. 12?13.
ISBN 0-88728-211-3
.
- ^
???? ?????? ?????????
???? ??????
16 ????? 2013 ??? ????
??? ??? ????
.
- ^
?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???????? ?????????
???? ??????
1 ?????? 2009 ??? ????
??? ??? ????
.- ????? ?????? =
10-7
-
2008
"???? ??????"
. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2009-09-01
. ???? ???? ??????
2008-07-10
.
{{
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}}
: ????? ?????????: BOT: original URL status unknown (
link
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1946?1960
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1960 - 1970
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1970?1980
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1990 -2000
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2000 -2010
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2010 - 2020
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1948?91
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1991?
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1914
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1915
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1916
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1917
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1918
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