??????? ?? ????????

?? ?????????? ???????? ?????

??????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????? ?????. ?? ???? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? 1860 ? ??? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ???. [1] [2]

????????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ????????? ???????????? . ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 1972 ? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????. [2] ?? ??? 1976 ? ????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? . [3]

??? ??? 1979 ? ??? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ????? . [2] [3] ?? ??? 2012 ? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????? ??????? . [4]

????? ?????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??? 1979 ? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ????? . [1] ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? . [5]

????? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? 2013 ???? 651 ????? ??????? ?? 10 ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ????? ????? 63 ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????. ?? ??????? ????? 200 ??? ?? ????????????? ? ?? ?????? 800 ??? ?? ????????????? . ??? ???????? ?? 93% ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ? ? 92% ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????. [6]

??? ????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????????? ??????????? ?????? ????????? . [6] ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? 10 ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ?????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????????. [7]

??????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ? ??? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ???? . ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????. [2]

???? ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???? 10 ?????? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????. ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ?????. [8]

????? ?????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???????. [9]

????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ???? 2000 ?2008 ? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? . [10]

???? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ???? 1982 ?1998 ? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ????????? ??? ????????? ?????? 35 ??? ??? ??? ????????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? 18 ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ???????. [11]

???????? [ ??? ]

???????? ?? ??? 2014 ? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? 10 ??? 1000 ????? ?????? ??????? ??? 15 ?49 ?????. ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? 29 ??? 1000 ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???????. [1] ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? 2000 ? ??? ???? ??????? 4.0 ?????? ????? ??? 1000 ????? ?????? ??????? ??? 15 ?44 ?????. [12]

??? 42% ?? ??????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????. ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ? ??? ??? ??? ???????. [1] ???? ? (Guttmacher)? ??? ??? ????? 27% ?? ?????? (????? 105.000) ??????. ???????? ??? ???? ?? ??? 2014 ? ?? ???? ????? 50% ?? ?????? ???????????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?????. [1]

?? ??? 2014 ? ???? ???? ?? ??? 523.808 ?769.269 ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? . [4]

????? [ ??? ]

  1. ^ ? ? ? ? ? "Fact Sheet: Menstrual Regulation and Induced Abortion in Bangladesh" . Guttmacher Institute. ?????? 2012. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-03-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-03-14 .
  2. ^ ? ? ? ? "Bangladesh" . Abortion Policies: A Global Review (DOC) . United Nations Population Division. 2002. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-03-14 .
  3. ^ ? ? "Country Profile ? Bangladesh" . Asia Safe Abortion Partnership . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2016-11-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-03-14 .
  4. ^ ? ? Zaidi? Shahida? Begum? Ferdousi? Tank? Jaydeep? Chaudhury? Pushpa? Yasmin? Haleema? Dissanayake? Mangala (2014). "Achievements of the FIGO Initiative for the Prevention of Unsafe Abortion and its Consequences in South-Southeast Asia" . International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics . ?. 126: S20?S23. DOI : 10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.03.015 . PMID : 24743025 .
  5. ^ Laufe? Leonard E. (?????? 1977). "The Menstrual Regulation Procedure". Studies in Family Planning . ?. 8 ?. 10: 253?256. DOI : 10.2307/1966015 . JSTOR : 1966015 .
  6. ^ ? ? Alam? Anadil? Bracken? Hillary? Johnson? Heidi Bart? Raghavan? Sheila? Islam? Noushin? Winikoff? Beverly? Reichenbach? Laura (????? 2013). "Acceptability and Feasibility of Mifepristone-Misoprostol For Menstrual Regulation in Bangladesh" . International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health . ?. 39 ?. 2: 79?87. DOI : 10.1363/3907913 . JSTOR : 41959959 . PMID : 23895884 .
  7. ^ Islam? Mohammad Amirul? Padmadas? Sabu S.? Kabir? Mohammad (6?10 ?????? 2004). "Evaluation of reported induced abortion in Bangladesh: Evidence from the recent DHS" . 132nd Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-03-15.
  8. ^ "Safe Abortion Hotline Launched for Menstrual Regulation in Bangladesh" (Press release). International Campaign for Women's Right to Safe Abortion. 23 ?????? 2013. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-10-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2014-10-24 .
  9. ^ "In Bangladesh, Unsafe Abortion is Common Despite Availability of Safer Pregnancy Termination Procedure" (Press release). Guttmacher Institute. 22 ?????? 2014. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-15 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-03-14 .
  10. ^ DaVanzo? Julie? Rahman? Mizanur (?????? 2014). "Pregnancy Termination in Matlab, Bangladesh: Trends And Correlates of Use of Safer and Less-Safe Method s" . International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health . ?. 40 ?. 3: 119?126. DOI : 10.1363/4011914 . PMID : 25271647 .
  11. ^ Ahmed? M. Kapil? van Ginneken? Jeroen? Razzaque? Abdur (?????? 2005). "Factors associated with adolescent abortion in a rural area of Bangladesh" . Tropical Medicine and International Health . ?. 10 ?. 2: 198?205. DOI : 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2004.01362.x . PMID : 15679564 .
  12. ^ "World Abortion Policies 2013" . United Nations. 2013. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-04-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-03-14 .
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