Kenya Kapolongan-Kitakit(肯亞共和國; Swahili a sowal:Jamhuri ya Kenya; Ikiris a sowal:Republic of Kenya) o Kenya hananay kalopitahidang.O itiraay i
Sakawalian-Afrika
, misi’ayaway to
Indo-Riyar,
madado’edo’edoay ko sera ato
Somaliya
,
Isopiya
,
Katimolay-Sotan
,
Wukanta,
Tansangniya
, o kakahad no sera ira ko 58 ’ofad km².
[1]
o tamdaw no Kenya latek ira ko 5051 ‘ofad, ira ko 42 kasasiroma a finacadan,
[2]
masakilac to toloay a tata’angay rayray no sowal.
[3]
:o
Panto-sowa
l,o
Niro-sowal
ato o
Kusto-sowal
,ono sifo a sowal o Ikiris a sowal ato
Swahili
a sowal. O polong no kitakit ira ko
47 a sakowan
[1]
, o syoto Nairopi.
[4]
Itiya ho o
nikowanan no Ikiris
ko Kenya,1963 miheca saka 12 folad saka 12 romi’ad misiiked nani Ikiris. Hatosa mapecih no
Tata’angay-Ta'eman no Sakawalian-Afrika
( 東非大裂谷;
Great Rift Valley
)ko Kenya, mahifalat ato Sifo’ay-Konis no cikiw, sacingangan to “Ciwcika no Sakawalian-Afrika”.11 O cecay no Afrika a sanga’ay ko saka’orip no Kenia isakatimolan no Sahara-Tafotafokan,o liomah, o
mihamhamay-tolafang a Tayal
,ato misang’ay to dafong o sakakaay piti’eran no tamtamdaw, ira ko pipadahof no kalotamdaw to misanga’ to maamaan ato ira ho ko pira’oy no kalotamdaw to dafong, orasaka, o ‘etan no polong no kitakit i 2015 miheca mara’oday ko 614.1 ‘ok a Payso no Amirika,
[1]
o kacemahad no saka’orip tahiraay to i 5.6%.
[5]
O cefang no
Linheko
,
Afrika-Lekatep
,
Cowa Pisakakinih-Lekatep
,
Saopo no 77 kitakit
, ato
Sakawaliay-Afrika Patatekoan-Lekatep
( 東非共同體(簡稱東共體;Ikiris a sowal:
E
ast
A
frican
C
ommunity,EAC
). Itiniay i syoto no Kenya i
Nairopi
ko Tatatpangan-Loma’ no
Citodongay to Kamaro’an no tamdaw
(聯合國人居署;聯合國人類住區規劃署; Ikiris a sowal:United Nations Human Settlements Programme) ato
Citodongay to Sakafangcal no Taliyokan
(聯合國環境署,又稱?聯合國環境規劃署; Ikiris a sowal:United Nations Environment Programme, UNEP;或 UN Environment).
[4]
O cecay a katenakan no tamdaw ko Kenya,
[6]
itini ira ko makarkaray i’ayaway no 250 ’ofad a malafakelohay to a okak no tamdaw.
[7]
tahira to saka 7sici, ikatimolan no sakawaliay a lislis no riyar adihayay to ko patiyamay, itiniay to ko
Arapiya a tamdaw
maro’ a patiyam itini. I saka 26 sici, ma’eco no Potawya malanikowan ko lislis no riyar.
[8]
1890 miheca, o Ikiris ato Toic maa’isal a mi’eco to Sakawalian-Afrika, o lilam no Ikiris ko Kenya. 1895 miheca, milekal ko sifo no Ikiris to “nidipotan a Sakawalian-Afrika” ko Kenya saan. 1920 miheca, malanikowanan no Ikiris ko Kenya, itiya i 1956 tahira i 1960 miheca, o
Cikoyo-Tamdaw
(基庫尤; Cikoyo a sowal:
G?k?y?
) mipacekil to
Maomao-pilolol
(茅茅起義; Ikiris a sowal:
Mau Mau Uprising、Mau Mau Revolt
), to sapifelihaw to pikowan no Ikiris.
[9]
o mikapotay tona Maomao-pilolol a tamdaw cowa ka o Maomao kako sanay to tireng, o "o naifaloco'ay-sofitay no Kenya a sera" (
Kenya Land and Freedom Army
,decdec a stilid
:KLFA
) sa ko pitahidang to niyah a tireng.
[10]
1963 miheca saka 5 folad midemak to tata’angay sinkiw, Finacadan-Lekatep no Kenya Afrika pakalowaid tona sinkiw. Tona mihecaan saka 6 folad saka 1 romi’ad patireng to Niyah-Pikowan a sifo, saka12 folad saka 12 rom’ad milekal to pisiikedan, mapalasawad to ko 70 ko kakaya’ a pikowan no Ikiris. 1964 miheca saka 12 folad saka 12 romi’ad mapatireng ko Kenya Kapolongan-Kitakit, nikawrira, tahasiay ho i
Tata'akay-Ikiris a Lekatep
(大英國協;
Commonwealth of Nations
).
[11]
1978 miheca, o sa’ayaway a congtong ci
Ciyawmo-Kenyata
ato Sapadang congtong ci
Tannier-Alapo-Moyi
satapang matayal.1982 miheca saka 6 folad mideamk to
Cecayay-Kasafelaw Faco
(
一黨制:
Ikiris a sowal:
one-party system,
又稱單黨制:
single-party system;
或一黨專政:
single-party state)
no sieci. 1991 miheca saka 12 folad mafalic a midemak to
Adihayay-Kasafelaw Faco
no sieci. O kalacongtong ni Moyi ira ko 24 mihecaan ko kato’edaw no mihecaan, tahira i 2002 miheca ko tolas. 2007 miheca saka 12 folad saka 27 romi’ad pakalowid ci
Mowayi-Cipici
tona mihecaan a sinkiw malacongtong,oya Pacoliay a
Koletoay-Cenger a Finawla-Demak
(
橙色民主運動
; Orange Democratic Movement) to ikakaay a kiing i kalomaocan, oya kakeridan no pacoliay ci
Layila-Awtinka
malacongli. Oya sato micokeray ci Layila-Awtinka mipacekil to
fodfod icowacowa
a niyaro’. 2013 miheca,
Wuforo-Kenyata
pakalowid to sinkiw malacongtong.
[12]
2022 miheca
tahakedal to sakakaay i Sakawalian-Afrika
.
[13]
Itiniay i Sakwalian-Afrika ko Kenya, mingataay to
Indo-Riyar
, itiniay kalalaedan no Somaliya ato Tansaniya. O kakahad no sera ira ko 582,650 km², ilaloma’ nonini o sera 140 km², o
nanonanoman
11,227 km². o mililisay to lawac no Indo-Riyar ira ko 536km.
O kakarayan o kaitiraan ko pi’arawan a mafalic, oroma a pala sa’emeray, ira ko cowa kafilo ko fa’edet a kakarayan pala.
[14]
[15]
[16]
o itiraay i lilis no riyar o fa’edetay-romi’ad, cecay miheca sahetoay o fa’edetay kala’oraday a romi’ad. Patinako ham Mompasa, Lamolincen ato Malinti a lilisay no riyar a niyaro’, masafalifalic to cecay a romi’ad to fa’edetay ato sa’emeray.
[16]
Tayra to i kemod no Kenya,mangalefay ko ka’icang a makedal ko romi’ad. Itini i kakedalan awaay ko mamamang a ‘orad, o fa’edet matongalay ko kasasiroma to romi’ad ato dadaya,tahiraay to 20°C ko kafalic.
[14]
[15]
[16]
o tongroh no riyar ko misiwaray tona fa’edet, i taka’raway tongroh no riyar malowanay ko fa’edet.
[14]
[15]
[16]
Tata’angany ko kasasirom no faci no sera no Kenya,mingataay to Indo-Riyar, mahaop ko sina’sina’an a Mangoropo i sakawalian-Afrika, ira heca ko kakahaday a dafdaf ato taporo.
Mahatosa mapecih no
Tata’angay-Ta'eman
(東非大裂谷;
Great Rift Valley)
no Sakawalian-Afrika ko Kenya o sifo’ay-Kenya ato sa’etipay-Kenya, mahifalat ato Sifo’ay-Konis no cikiw, sacingangan to “Ciwcika no Sakawalian-Afrika”.
O sa’akawanay a tokos o
Kenya-tokos
, ato itiraay i laed no Kenya ato Wukanta a
Ayerkong-tokos
. O itiraay i saka’etipan-Kenya a Kakami-Kilakilangan o naikoran no ‘ora’oradan-kilang no Saka’etipan-Afrika. Ikakaay ko katata’ang no Mao-kilakilangan pasasotili’en ato Kakami-Kilakilangan, onini i,o iakakaay i Saka’etipan-Arika a macacamoray a kilakilangan. o ikakaay ko ka’akawang a lotok itini i Afrika a
Cilimancaro-Tokos
( 吉力馬札羅山; Swahli a aowal:
Kilimanjaro
) itiniay i Kenya.
Itira i 1994 miheca tahira i 1996 miheca,o polong a nili’etan no kitakit a lalen ikakakaay no 4%.
[17]
satapang i 1997 miheca, pacarcar ho ko kacemohad no kalotayal; 2003 miheca ‘edengan 1.4%, tahira to i 2004 miheca macakat to 2.3%, i 2005 ato 2006 mihecaan mingataay i 6% ko karongal. O saka’orip no Kenya ono kitakit a katatalan ko sakakkaay, midemak to paitekeday faloco’ a paliwal to dafong. O mihamhamay to lafang a tayal tata’angay ko tatinakoan i polong a saka’orip, mingataay to 60% o mihamhamay-tayal a
GDP
.
O liomahan ira ko kacemahadan ira ko kakedi’an, nawhani, o ‘orad ko pi’arawan, cecay no kalisepat ko ‘etan no liomah. Oroma sato i, talacowa o cemahaday ko misanga’ay tayal no Kenya i Saka’etipan-Afrika, o ‘etan no misanga’ay to dafong ‘edengan 14% no
GDP
. I 2006 miheca, o polong nili’etanan no Kenya kitakit ira ko 173.9 ’ok ko Amirika-Payso, o lalen no cecay tamdaw nipili’etanan ira ko 450 Amirika-Payso.2014 miheca o polong nili’etanan no Kenya kitakit ira ko 609,37 ’ok ko Amirika-Payso.
[18]
O nipasadakan a dafong no Kenya o sakakaay o potal-sapanasensen ato ociya, oninian a ‘etan i 2005 miheca ira ko 11.5’ok Amirika-Payso. 2011 mihecaan a nipaliwalan i roma a kitakit o ta’elifay ko
Slilanka
, malasakakaay nipaliwalay to ociya a kitakit i hekal, o sakakakaay pipaliwalan itiraay i Afrika, do’edo sa i, o Yoropa, o sakakakay pipaliwaln o Ikiris,Tansangniya,
Wukanta
ato
Holan
, o sakakaay pi’acaan to dafong nani tiraay i Congko,
Indo
,
Arapiya-Lekatepay kitakit
,
Sawuti-Arapiya
ato
Katimolay-Afrika kitakit
. O nipa’acaan i Amirika o riko’.
[19]
o malakapotay mali’aca ato Wukanta(pasadakan 12,3%,mi’acaan 15,6%) ato
Roanta
(pasadakan 30,5%, mi’acaan 17,3%).
[20]
[21]
O ociya ko cecay no sakakaay sapili’etan to payso no roma a kitakit. nikawrira, masiwar no kafalic no kakarayan no hekal, malowanany ko pipalomaan to ociya a sera, masiwar ko saka’orip no pinapina ’ofad a tamdaw.
[22]
O syoto Nairopi no Kenya o
kahiceraan no pakipaysoay-demak
. Tahira i kaleponan no 2009 miheca, o i kinkoay a payso ira ko 40 ’ok Amirika-Payso, o kiyam ira ko 8603 Kenya payso(Kensinlin), onini i,o halafinay a pikiyam, ilaloma’ nonini o kiyam i roma a kitakit ira ko 4297 Kensinlin. Mahaop ko 21% no
GDP
. Tahira i 2008 miheca, ira ko 42 kinko, cecay ko cowa ko kinko a pakipaysoay-kowan, tosa ko pilikiyaman kaysya, tosa ko lekatep no loma’ ato 95 pifalican to payso no roma a kitakit, iloma’ nonini sepat ko tata’angay kinko, tinako Pakolay-Kinko, Cata-Kinko, Kenya Patiyamay-Kinko ato Kenya Finawlan-Kinko, o nitayalan mahaop ko 60% no kinko no Kenya.
[23]
I 2009 mihecaan a sa’osi ira ko 3861 ’ofad ko tamdaw no Kenya;
[24]
2014 mihecaan matongal tangasa i 45000 ’ofad ko tamdaw,
[25]
tosilen ira ko 42 ko kasasiroma a finacadan o sakakaay o
Cikuyu-finacadan
ko sakakay(mahaop ko 18%), do’edo sa o
Rosiya-finacadan
(14%),
Rowo-finacadan
(13%),
Kalonkin-tamdaw
(12%),
Kanpa-finacadan
(11%)
Somaliya-tamdaw
(10%) ato
Miro-finacadan
(6%). O roma sato i, ira ho ko mamangay finacadan o Inpa-tamdaw, Arapiya-tamdaw ato Yoropa-tamdaw, ano polongen mahaop ko 1%.
[1]
Nanoto’asan a pinangan o mihayiay to
Ka’alomanay-Ramod
, tahira to i 2014 miheca nga’ masanga’ ko Romad-Rikec, malaheci ko
Cecay Fainayan ’Aloman ko Fafahi Ramod-Faco
sanay a rikec.
[26]
O cinganganay i hekal a tamdaw no Kenya ci Ciyawmo-Kenyata o mama no kitakit, ’ayaway congtong ci Tannier-Alapo-Moyi, ’ayaway congtong ci Mowati-Cipici, 2004 miheca milayapay to Nopier Rihadayay-Hofi ci Wangkali-Matayi, ’ayaway congli ci Layila-Awtinka, o cinganganay a mikinkiway to kicay a
mama ci Palako-Awpama
. Iloma’an nonini ci mama Palako-Awpama mala saka 44 riyad congtong no Amirika ko wawa ningra ci Palako-Awpama.
Maramramay to
Swahili-Punka
,
Sawalian-Punka
,
Selilangka-Punka
ato
Indo-Punka
ko punka no Kenya. O iriniay a 42 finacadan mangangodoay roma finacadan a punka ato pinangan no ‘oripa, tahanini ma’osaway ho kono litengan kararamod, pitadem ato macakat malakapah.
[27]
Itini i Kenya ira ko ’enem rocokan no hekalay, sakilac o Kitakitan
Toerkana-fanaw Pisalamaan
(801),
Kitakitan-Pisalamaan no Kenya
,(800 ) ato
Rayray no Fanaw i Sakawalian-Afrika Tata’angay-Ta’eman
(1060) kona tolo
Kinaira no Pala a Rocokan
.ira ho ko roma o
Lamo Katelangay-Niyaro
(1055),
Micikenta-Fangcalay Kilang
(1231),
Monpasa Yieso-Niyaro’
ona tolo a
Punka-Rocokan
i Hekal.
Ono sifo a sowal o Ikiris ato
Swahili Sowal
.
[28]
o sowal no Swahili ono
Panto-Finacadan a sowal
ko nini, ato
Arapiya-sowal
ato
Hawsa-sowla
o skakaay a
sowal itini i Afrika
.
[29]
itini i Swahili-sowal adihayay ko
nicaliwan nani Arapiya
.
[30]
o ngangan to “Swahili” sanay i,o nani Arapiya a sowal to ???????(
Sawahil
)o “mingataay to riyar a sera” sanay ko imi nonini.
[31]
o tayniay a palafangay to romi’ami’ad o matengilay a sowal “kadepo” i,o mihamhamay sanay ko imi a Swahili-sowal.
[32]
- ↑
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
Central Intelligence Agency. Kenya. The World Factbook. 2012 [2013-05-28]. (原始內容存?於2018-02-13).
- ↑
肯尼?人口. [2016-10-13]. (原始內容存?於2021-01-20).
- ↑
肯尼?人口??. [2016-10-13]. (原始內容存?於2016-10-14).
- ↑
4.0
4.1
肯尼??家??. 中華人民共和國駐肯亞共和國大使館. 2011年3月 [2016-10-04]. (原始內容存?於2021-02-08).
- ↑
肯尼??政部公布2015年GDP增?5.6%,??2016年增速可?6%. [2016-10-13]. (原始內容存?於2019-05-02).
- ↑
周幸叡. 站在赤道?喊「Jambo!」─肯亞中部遊記. 自由時報. 2015-09-21 [2016-10-24]. (原始內容存?於2019-06-26).
- ↑
Glynn Llywelyn Isaac, Barbara Isaac. Olorgesailie: archeological studies of a Middle Pleistocene lake basin in Kenya. University of Chicago Press. 1977: xiii [2016-10-12]. (原始內容存?於2021-02-08).
- ↑
Ali, Shanti Sadiq. The African Dispersal in the Deccan. Orient Blackswan. 1996. ISBN 978-81-250-0485-1.
- ↑
Blakeley, Ruth. State Terrorism and Neoliberalism: The North in the South. Routledge. 2009-04-03. ISBN 978-1-134-04246-3.
- ↑
Kanogo (1992), pp. 23?5.
- ↑
News.xinhuanet.com. [2016-10-05]. (原始內容存?於2014-12-01).
- ↑
?于肯尼?-?史. 肯亞旅遊局. [2016-10-04]. (原始內容存?於2016-10-05).
- ↑
非洲之角日益?化的干旱使2000万人?于危?之中. 聯合國新聞. 2022-04-19 [2022-05-06]. (原始內容存?於2022-05-03)
(中文(簡體))
.
- ↑
14.0
14.1
14.2
"NairobiDagoretti, Kenya: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data", Climate-Charts.com, 2008, web: CC741 (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館): 比較奈洛比/Dagoretti和基塔萊/蒙巴薩的資料
- ↑
15.0
15.1
15.2
"Kitale, Kenya: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data", Climate-Charts.com, 2008, web: CC661 (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館).
- ↑
16.0
16.1
16.2
16.3
"Mombasa, Kenya: Climate, Global Warming, and Daylight Charts and Data", Climate-Charts.com, 2008, web: CC820 (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館): May precipitation was reset as "246" mm, converting 9.7 in.
- ↑
David Bigman. Globalization and the Developing Countries: Emerging Strategies for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation. CABI. 2002: 136. ISBN 978-0-85199-575-5.
- ↑
肯尼?GDP?据及???展??2015-2016年. [2016-10-13]. (原始內容存?於2021-02-08).
- ↑
enya country profile (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館). Library of Congress Federal Research Division (June 2007).
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ↑
Uganda country profile (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館), CIA World Factbook
- ↑
Rwanda country profile (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館), CIA World Factbook
- ↑
肯尼?:?候?化影?茶??植. RFI - 法國國際廣播電台. 2022-04-30 [2022-05-06]. (原始內容存?於2022-06-02)
(中文(簡體))
.
- ↑
肯尼??政金融. [2016-10-13]. (原始內容存?於2021-01-20).
- ↑
. www.knbs.or.ke.
- ↑
Country Comparison :: Population (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館).
The World Factbook
.
- ↑
Muhumed, Malkhadir. 2014."Polygamy bill allows Kenyan men many wives (頁面存?備?,存於網際網路?案館)".
Aljazeera
. Retrieved 13 April 2014
- ↑
肯尼?:保?文化?? 彰??家尊?. [2016-10-15]. (原始內容存?於2016-10-19).
- ↑
Constitution (2009) Art. 7 [National, official and other languages] "(1) The national language of the Republic is Kiswahili. (2) The official languages of the Republic are Kiswahili and English. (3) The State shall?-?- (a) promote and protect the diversity of language of the people of Kenya; and (b) promote the development and use of indigenous languages, Kenyan Sign language, Braille and other communication formats and technologies accessible to persons with disabilities."
- ↑
韓基韜. 斯瓦希里?成?肯尼?官方?言. 國際在線. 2010-08-31 [2013-12-12]. (原始內容存?於2016-10-19).
- ↑
[永久失效連結]
- ↑
“?是阿拉伯?”??源于阿拉伯?的英文??. 杜拜人. 2013-03-23 [2013-12-12]. (原始內容存?於2015-03-20)
- ↑
?于肯尼? 文化. 肯亞旅遊局. 肯亞旅遊局中國代表處. [2016-10-13]. (原始內容存?於2016-10-13).
CIA