???? ???????

??????? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ???????.
??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????????, ????????????, ??????????? ?????????????? ??? ???? ???????????? ???????.

?????? ??????? ???? ??????? (aspect ratio) ?????? ??? ?????????? ????? , ????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? ????????????. ??? ??????? 16:9 ???????? ??? ?????????????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????????????. ???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ????? ????????????. x:y ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????????? ??????????. ?????, ????? ??????? ??? ?????? x ???? ????????????? ????? ??? ?????? y ???? ????????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????. ??????, 16 ??? x 9 ???, 16 ???????? x 9 ????????, 16 ??? ??????? x 9 ??? ??????? ???? ????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? 16:9 ??????? ???? ??????? ???????. ???? ??????????? ???????????????? ??????? ????????? "1" ?? ???????? ??????????????? ?????. ????????? ??????? 1.3 3 :1 ?????? ?????????. ??????? x:y ?????? x/y:1 ???????? ????????????????. 16:9 , 1.7 7 :1 ?? ?????.

???????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ??????? 1.85:1 , 2.39:1 ???? ???? ???????????? ???????. [1] ????????????, 20 ??? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??????? 4:3 (1.3 3 :1) ?????? ???? ??????? ???????????? , ???????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????? 16:9 (1.7 7 :1) ??????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ???????. ???? ???? ???????????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????????.

??????? ???????????????? 4:3 , 3:2 ???? ???? ????????????, ??????? ????????? 16:9 ???? ????????? ?????????????. [2] 5:3 , 5:4 , 1:1 ???? ???? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????. ??? ??????? ??????? ????, ????? ???? ?????????????? ???????????? ?????????????????????.

?????????? ?????? [ ???? ]

?????????? ????????, ??? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ???? ????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ??????????. 1892 ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? , ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????. ???????????? ????? 35 ???? (1.36 ???). ???????????? ???????? ?????????????? ???? 24.89 ???? x 18.67 ???? (0.985 ??? x 0.735 ???). ??? 4:3 ?????? 1.33:1 ??????? ???? ??????????? ????????. [3] ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? 155°???? x 120°???? ????????????????? ?????????? 4:3.075 ??????? ???? ????????? ??????????. ???? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ????????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ????? ?????????. ?????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????? 22 ???? x 16 ???? ???? ????????? 1.37:1 ???? ??????? ?????????? "??????? ????????" ????????? ???? ?????????????????.

?????????? ??????? [ ???? ]

?????????? ?????? ???? ????????? ???????? ????? 1 ???? ???????????????. ???? ????????????????? ???? ?????????? ???? 2.40:1 ?????? 2.40 (???????????? "?? ?????-?") ???? ????????????? ???????. ?????????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? 1.85:1 , 2.40:1 ?????. ??? ???????? ????????? ?????????????? ???? ??????? 1.6 6 :1 ?? ??????. 1953 ??? ????? ??? " ??????? ??????? " ?? ???????????? 1.37:1 ??????? ??????? ??????? ???? ????????????? ?????????. ???????????? ??? ????? ???? ???????????? ( 1.3 3 :1 ) ????????? ???????????? ????????????????? ??? ??????????????? ????????????. ???? ???????????? ???????????????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ???????????????. " ???????????????? " ( 2.6 6 :1 ???), " ????-?.? " ( 2.20:1 ), " ????????????? " (??????? 1.50:1, ??????? 1.6 6 :1 ????????? 2.00:1 ???) ?????? ???????? ???. 1.85:1 ???? ??????? 1953 ?? ????? ???????????. ????? ??????? ??????????????? ??? ??????????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????.

?????? ?????????? [ ???? ]

??? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ?? ???????????? ?????. ?????, ?????, ??????????? , ???????? ??????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????????? ?????????. ??? ????????? ??????????? ??? ?????????? ??????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????????????. ????????????????, "???? ??????" (panorama) ????? ???????? ?????????, ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????????. ??? ?????? ???? ??????? (~1.618) ????? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??????????? ?????????????? ?????. ??????? ????????????? ???? ???????????? 16:10 (8:5) ??????? ???? ????????????? ??? ???????????.

??????? ???? ???????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????????????? 4:3 ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ??????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ??????????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ????? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ????????, ????????? ????????, ????????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????. ??????? ?????? ??????? ????, ???????? ???????? ???? ???????????? ???????? ?????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?????????. ????, ??? ??????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ????? ???????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????.

???????? ??????????? ????? ?????????????? ?????, ??????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????????? ?????? ????????. ??????? ??? ???????? 4:3, 16:9 ???? ???? ???????????? ??????????? ???? ???????. ???? ?????????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ?????????????? ???????????, ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????????, ?????? ???????? ?????????????? ??????????? ???????.


  • ??????????????? ??????? ????? ???????:
4:3 (1.3 3 :1)
16:9 (1.7 7 :1)


  • ?????????? ??????? ????? ???????:
4:3 (1.3 3 :1)
16:9 (1.7 7 :1)


  • ????????? ??????? ????? ???????:
4:3 (1.3 3 :1)
16:9 (1.7 7 :1)


  • ????????? ??????? ????? ???????:
4:3 (1.3 3 :1)
16:9 (1.7 7 :1)

????????????? [ ???? ]

  1. The 2.39:1 ratio is commonly labeled 2.40:1, e.g., in the American Society of Cinematographers ' American Cinematographer Manual (Many widescreen films before the 1970 SMPTE revision used 2.35:1).
  2. Panasonic Introduces 2 New Cameras . India: Tech Tree . http://www.techtree.com/India/News/Panasonic_Introduces_2_New_Cameras/551-97953-893.html . ??????? ????: 2013-11-08  
  3. Burum, Stephen (2004). American Cinematographer Manual (9th ed.). ASC Press. ??????????? ?????????? ???   0-935578-24-2 .