Kutoka Wikipedia, kamusi elezo huru
Wafransisko
ni
jina
la jumla la wafuasi wote wa
Fransisko wa Asizi
wanaokadiriwa kuwa
milioni
moja hivi
duniani
kote.
Mwanzilishi
mwenyewe katika
karne XIII
alivuta umati wa waamini wa
Ukristo
katika njia ya
toba
.
Wanaume
wengi walimfuata
utawani
kama
Ndugu Wadogo
,
wanawake
wengi pia walikusanyika
monasterini
kama Mabibi Fukara
Waklara
, wengine tena wa
jinsia
zote mbili walishika
Injili
katika maisha ya
ndoa
,
upwekeni
au kwa kuunda jumuia zisizo na
nadhiri
.
Matawi hayo yakaja kuitwa Utawa wa Kwanza, wa Pili na
wa Tatu wa Mt. Fransisko
.
Mapema zilitokea tofauti za mitazamo kuhusu
karama
halisi ya Mt. Fransisko, hivyo matawi yalianza kugawanyika, hasa kwa nia ya
urekebisho
.
Siku hizi kuna mashirika ya kitawa
mia
nne
hivi yanayofuata mojawapo ya
kanuni
zilizokubaliwa na ma
papa
kwa matawi hayo.
Katika ngazi ya kimataifa, Wafransisko wa
Kanisa Katoliki
wana
Baraza la Familia ya Kifransisko
ambalo lina uwakilishi katika
Umoja wa Mataifa
kama
Asasi Isiyo ya Kiserikali
iliyo kuu kuliko zote.
Kuna wafuasi wa Mt. Fransisko hata katika
madhehebu
mengine, na hasa
Waanglikana
ambao wana mashirika ya kitawa ya Kifransisko.
- The Poor and the Perfect: The Rise of Learning in the Franciscan Order, 1209?1310
by Neslihan Senocak. (Cornell University Press; 2012) 280 pages; shows how Franciscans shifted away from an early emphasis on poverty and humility and instead emphasized educational roles
- A History of the Franciscan Order: From Its Origins to the Year 1517
by
John Richard Humpidge Moorman
,
Franciscan Institute
Publications, 1988.
ISBN 978-0-8199-0921-3
- Origins of the Franciscan Order
by Cajetan Esser, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1970.
ISBN 978-0-8199-0408-9
- The Leonine Union of the Order of Friars Minor
by Maurice Carmody, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1994.
ISBN 978-1-57659-084-3
- Friars Minor in China: 1294 ? 1944
, by Arnulf Camps and Pat McCloskey, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1996.
ISBN 978-1-57659-002-7
- In the Name of St. Francis: A History of the Friars Minor and Franciscanism until the Early Sixteenth Century
, by Grado Giovanni Merlo, translated by Robert J. Karris and Raphael Bonanno, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2009.
ISBN 978-1-57659-155-0
- The History of Franciscan Theology
, by Kenan Osborne, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1994.
ISBN 978-1-57659-032-4
- Friars Minor in Ireland from Their Arrival to 1400
, by Francis Cotter, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1994.
ISBN 978-1-57659-083-6
- The Franciscan Spirituals and the Capuchin Reform
, by Thaddeus MacVicar, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1986.
ISBN 978-1-57659-086-7
- Medieval Franciscan Houses
, by John R. H. Moorman, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1983.
ISBN 978-1-57659-079-9
- A Poor Man's Legacy: An Anthology of Franciscan Poverty
, by Cyprian Lynch, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1989.
ISBN 978-1-57659-069-0
- The Franciscan Concept of Mission in the High Middle Ages
, by E. Randolph Daniel, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1992.
ISBN 0-8131-1315-6
- Peace and Good in America, A History of the Holy Name Province, Order of the Friars Minor, 1850s to the Present
, by Joseph M. White, Franciscan Institute Publications, 2004.
ISBN 978-1-57659-196-3
- The Birth of a Movement
, by David Flood and Thaddee Matura, Franciscan Institute Publications, 1975.
ISBN 978-0-8199-0567-3
- A History of the Franciscan Order: From Its Origins to the Year 1517
by John R. H. Moorman, Oxford University Press, Oxford, (1968)
ISBN 0-19-826425-9
; reprint: Franciscan Herald Press, Chicago, IL (1988)
ISBN 0-8199-0921-1
- Franciscan Philosophy at Oxford in the Thirteenth Century
by D.E. Sharp, Oxford University Press, London (1930); (a more recent ed.:
ISBN 0-576-99216-X
)
- Medieval Monasticism: Forms of Religious Life in Western Europe in the Middle Ages (3rd Edition)
by C.H. Lawrence,
ISBN 0-582-40427-4
- The Spiritual Franciscans: From Protest to Persecution in the Century After Saint Francis
by David Burr.
ISBN 0-271-02128-4
- Francis and Clare: The Complete Works
By Ignatius C. Brady, Regis J. Armstrong, Paulist Press, Mahwah, New Jersey, (1982)
ISBN 0-8091-2446-7
- The Fraternal Economy: A Pastoral Psychology of Franciscan Economics
By David B. Couturier, Cloverdale Books, South Bend (2007)
ISBN 978-1-929569-23-6
- Francis of Assisi: Early Documents
3 Volumes. Edited by Regis J. Armstrong, OFM Cap., J.A. Wayne Hellmann, OFM Conv., and William J. Short, OFM. New York: New City Press. Copyright 1999, Franciscan Institute of Saint Bonaventure University, Saint Bonaventure, NY.
ISBN 978-1-56548-110-7
.
- "The Franciscan Story" by Maurice Carmody, Athena Press Publishing Co. UK (2008).
ISBN 1-84748-141-8
;
ISBN 978-1-84748-141-2
- "Santo Antonio de Lisboa - Da Ciencia da Escritura ao Livro da Natureza", Maria Candida Monteiro Pacheco, Imprensa Nacional casa da Moeda,Lisboa, (1997),
ISBN 972-27-0855-4
- "O Simbolismo da Natureza em Santo Antonio de Lisboa", Jose Acacio Aguiar e Castro,Universidade Catolica Portugesa- Fundacao Engº Antonio de Almeida, Porto, 1997, ISBN UCP 972-9290.13-X /FEAA 972-8386-03-6
Wikimedia Commons ina media kuhusu:
Matawi matatu ya Utawa wa Kwanza
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hariri
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hariri chanzo
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Wafransisko wasiobaguana kwa msingi wa madhehebu
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Orodha ya Watakatifu Wafransisko
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Makala hii kuhusu dini ya Ukristo bado ni
mbegu
.
Je, unajua kitu kuhusu
Wafransisko
kama historia yake, matokeo au athari zake?
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