Roland Barthes

Roland Barthes
Roland Barthes
	Roland Barthes
Born	Roland Gerard Barthes ; 12 November 1915 ; Cherbourg , France
Died	26 March 1980 (aged 64) ; Paris , France
Education	University of Paris ( BA , MA )
Era	20th-century philosophy
Region	Western philosophy
School	Continental philosophy ; Structuralism ; Semiotics ; Post-structuralism
Institutions	Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales ; College de France
Main interests	Semiotics ( literary semiotics , semiotics of photography , comics semiotics , literary theory ), narratology , linguistics
Notable ideas	Structural analysis of narratives ; Death of the author ; Writing degree zero ; Effect of reality
	Influences Saussure • Marx • Nietzsche • Freud • Lacan • Sartre • Bataille • Michelet • Valery • Lyotard ;
	Influenced Jean Baudrillard • Michel Foucault • Julia Kristeva • James Wood • Eric de Kuyper • Philippe-Joseph Salazar • Gerard Genette • Susan Sontag • Benoit Peeters • Stuart Hall Srecko Horvat • ;
Signature

Roland Gerard Barthes ( / b ?ːr t / ; ^[4] French: [??l?? ba?t] ; 12 November 1915 ? 26 March 1980 ^[5]) was a French philosopher .

Life [ change | change source ]

Roland Barthes was born in 1915 Cherbourg in Normandy . His father was killed during World War I before his first birthday. He was raised by his mother, his aunt and grandmother in Bayonne . Barthes moved to Paris at the age of 11 with his family. Barthes was student in literature from 1935 to 1939 at the Sorbonne .

Career [ change | change source ]

In 1948, he taught with short-time positions at institutes in France , Romania , and Egypt . Then he studied lexicology and sociology and began to write bi-monthly essays for the magazine Les Lettres Nouvelles , a collection that was published in 1957. Consisting of fifty-four short essays, between 1954?1956, Mythologies were acute reflections of French popular culture ranging from an analysis on soap detergents to a dissection of popular wrestling. ^[6] Barthes taught at Middlebury College in 1957 and befriended the English translator of his work, Richard Howard , in New York City. ^[7] He taught in his classes at Middlebury. Michelet and Writing Degree Zero were published in France.

Barthes developed his literary criticism with new ideals of textuality and novelistic neutrality. In 1971, he was a professor at the University of Geneva and also taught at the Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales (EHESS).

Works [ change | change source ]

Here are some of his works:

(1953) Le degre zero de l'ecriture
(1954) Michelet par lui-meme
(1978) Preface , La Parole Intermediaire, F. Flahault, Seuil: Paris
(1980) Recherche de Proust , Editions du Seuil: Paris.
(1982) Litterature et realite , Editions du Seuil: Paris.
(1988) Michelet , Editions du Seuil: Paris.

References [ change | change source ]

↑ Roland Barthes, "Introduction a l'analyse structurale des recits" , Communications , 8 (1), 1966, pp. 1?27, translated as "Introduction to the Structural Analysis of Narratives", in: Roland Barthes, Image?Music?Text , essays selected and translated by Stephen Heath, New York 1977, pp. 79?124.
↑ Reda Bensmaia, The Barthes Effect: The Essay as Reflective Text , University of Minnesota Press, 1987, p. 112 n. 74: "On all these pages [of Le plaisir du texte ], Barthes refers directly to Nietzsche whom he quotes, mentions, or "translates" freely."
↑ Dunn, Hopeton S. (2014). "A Tribute to Stuart Hall". Critical Arts . 28 (4): 758. doi : 10.1080/02560046.2014.929228 . ISSN 1992-6049 . S2CID 144415843 .
↑ "Barthes" . Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary .
↑ McQuillan, Martin (2011). Roland Barthes . Macmillan International Higher Education. pp. 10, 29. ISBN 9780230343894 . ^{[
permanent dead link
]}
↑ Huppatz, D.J. (2011). "Roland Barthes, Mythologies". Design and Culture . 3 (1): 85?100. doi : 10.2752/175470810X12863771378833 . S2CID 144391627 .
↑ Richard Howard. "Remembering Roland Barthes," The Nation (20 November 1982): "Mutual friends brought us together in 1957. He came to my door in the summer of that year, disconcerted by his classes at Middlebury (teaching students unaccustomed to a visitor with no English to speak of) and bearing, by way of introduction, a fresh-printed copy of Mythologies . ( Michelet and Writing Degree Zero had already been published in France, but he was not yet known in America?not even in most French departments. Middlebury was enterprising.)" Reprinted in Signs in Culture: Roland Barthes Today , edited by Steven Ungar and Betty R. McGraw, University of Iowa Press, 1989, p. 32 ( ISBN 0-877-45245-8 ).

Other websites [ change | change source ]

Barthes, Roland. Incidents. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992. Free Online ? UC Press E-Books Collection
"Elements of Semiology" The first half of the book, from Marxists.com
Roland Barthes by Philippe Sollers (in French)
"Roland Barthes and Camera Lucida" by Ron Burnett
Roland Barthes and Juri Lotman ? special issue of Sign Systems Studies 44(3), 2016.

[1] Roland Barthes, "Introduction a l'analyse structurale des recits" , Communications , 8 (1), 1966, pp. 1?27, translated as "Introduction to the Structural Analysis of Narratives", in: Roland Barthes, Image?Music?Text , essays selected and translated by Stephen Heath, New York 1977, pp. 79?124.

[2] Reda Bensmaia, The Barthes Effect: The Essay as Reflective Text , University of Minnesota Press, 1987, p. 112 n. 74: "On all these pages [of Le plaisir du texte ], Barthes refers directly to Nietzsche whom he quotes, mentions, or "translates" freely."

[3] Dunn, Hopeton S. (2014). "A Tribute to Stuart Hall". Critical Arts . 28 (4): 758. doi : 10.1080/02560046.2014.929228 . ISSN 1992-6049 . S2CID 144415843 .

[4] "Barthes" . Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary .

[McQuillan2011-5] McQuillan, Martin (2011). Roland Barthes . Macmillan International Higher Education. pp. 10, 29. ISBN 9780230343894 . ^{[
permanent dead link
]}

[:0-6] Huppatz, D.J. (2011). "Roland Barthes, Mythologies". Design and Culture . 3 (1): 85?100. doi : 10.2752/175470810X12863771378833 . S2CID 144391627 .

[Howard-7] Richard Howard. "Remembering Roland Barthes," The Nation (20 November 1982): "Mutual friends brought us together in 1957. He came to my door in the summer of that year, disconcerted by his classes at Middlebury (teaching students unaccustomed to a visitor with no English to speak of) and bearing, by way of introduction, a fresh-printed copy of Mythologies . ( Michelet and Writing Degree Zero had already been published in France, but he was not yet known in America?not even in most French departments. Middlebury was enterprising.)" Reprinted in Signs in Culture: Roland Barthes Today , edited by Steven Ungar and Betty R. McGraw, University of Iowa Press, 1989, p. 32 ( ISBN 0-877-45245-8 ).

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