From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A
journalist
is a person who works in
journalism
to report the
news
. They may work on their own ("freelance") or for a
newspaper
, a
radio
or
television programme
. There are different kinds of journalists.
A
reporter
is a type of journalist who
researches
, writes, and reports
information
. Newspaper reporters write news articles and stories for newspapers. They write these articles and stories by
interviewing
people, asking questions, and doing research.
Reporters must tell the
truth
in their reports. Telling the truth is a very important part of all
journalism
jobs. Those who do not tell the truth may be punished like other workers who do not do their work. They can be suspended (do not work for a short time) or fired (losing their jobs).
However, frequently news reporting does show
bias
instead of
objectivity
.
Journalists sometimes expose themselves to
danger
, especially when reporting in areas of
armed conflict
or in places that do not respect the
freedom of the press
. Organizations such as
Reporters Without Borders
publish reports on press freedom and advocate for press freedom. The
Committee to Protect Journalists
has reported that as of 13 December 2022, 363 journalists were
imprisoned
around the world for reporting the news. Current numbers are even higher. The ten countries with the most journalists currently imprisoned are
China
(110),
Iran
(47),
Myanmar
(42),
Turkey
(40),
[1]
Vietnam
(39),
Belarus
(26),
Eritrea
(17),
Bahrain
(15),
[2]
Burma
(13) and
India
(7).
[3]
[4]
[5]
In the
2023 Israel?Hamas war
, atleast 30 journalists
(26 Palestinians and 4 Israelis)
were killed while covering the operations.
[6]
There are many different types of jobs in journalism.
- A
columnist
is someone who writes their opinions and point of view for a newspaper or magazine.
- A
correspondent
is a journalist who reports from a distant location. They report for a newspaper, or radio or television station, whose staff is based in another location. A
foreign
correspondent is a correspondent who reports news from another country.
- A
fact checker
checks that the
facts
written in news reports are indeed correct.
- A
copy editor
checks for errors in
spelling
and
grammar
.
- A
news presenter
, or anchor, is someone who
presents
news during a news program
- A
penny-a-liner
is a derogative term for a journalist who is paid for a certain amount of text. It is an old expression which goes back to the days when writers were paid one
penny
for each line they wrote. An
Australian
newspaper
,
The Queenslander
, printed a story in 1871 that the "...penny a-liner no longer exists, for there are but few papers who pay at so small a rate at the present day. The increased value of literary labor and the demand for news has affected the lowest as well as the highest of literary laborers, and the flimsy writer can now obtain three-halfpence, and in some cases, twopence, for every printed line that appears in the newspaper..."
[7]
- A
photojournalist
is a journalist who takes
photographs
in order to tell a news story.
- A
political commentator
is a journalist who takes a non-
objective
viewpoint in a
discussion
.
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