???????? ????????

???????????, ??? ????????? ???????????.
???????? ????????
?????? ???????????????? ??????
???? ( 1743-08-26 ) 26 ???????? 1743
?????? , ???????
???? 8 ???? 1794 (1794-05-08) (?????? 50)
?????? , ???????
????? ???????????, ??????????????????? , ?????????? ???????

?????? ???????????????? ???????? ????????????? ???????? ???????????????????? ?????-??????? ?? ????????. [1] [2] ???????????? ????????? ??????? ????????????? ?????????????? ??????? ???????????? ??? ?????????????? ????????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????????? [3] , [4] ,. ????????????? ?????????? " ????????, ???? ??????????????????? ???????, ? ???????? ??????????????????? ??? ?? ??????? ??? ??????????????? ???????????????????" [3]

???? ??????????? ??????????? ??????? ??????????????????? ???????????????????. ??????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ??????????????????. ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????????? ?????? ???????????? ??????????????? ????????????????????. ??????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ??????? ?????????????? ????????????????????? ?????? ???????????????? ??????? ???????? ???????????????????? ????? ?????????????. ???????? ???????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ?????? [5] .

????? ??? [ ????????? ]

???? [ ????????? ]

????????? ??????? 1743 ???????? 26-???? ??????? ???????? ????????. ??????? ??????????? ?????????????????. ???? ????? ????????????? ??????? ???????? ??????????? ????????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????????? ?????????. ????? 1760-? ???????????.

???????????? [ ????????? ]

?????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????? ??????? ??????????????? ???????? ????????????????? ?????? ??????????????? . ??????????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????????????? ?????????????. [6] ????????? ???????? ?????????????, ????????????? ??????? ?????? ??????????? ?????? [7] . ??????? ???????? ??? ?????????? , ????????? ??? ????????????. 1763-66 ??????? ???????????????? ???????? ???????? ??????????????????? ???? ??????.

????????????? [ ????????? ]

Method of Nomenclature in Chemistry 1787-? ??????????????? ??????????? ????????

1765-? ?????????????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????????? ( ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????) ?????????????? ????? ???????. ???????? ?????????( ) ????????????????. ????????? ???????????????? ?????? ??????????????. ??? ????????? ??????????????? ??????????? ?????????????????????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ????????????????????????????. ??????????????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????????? ???? ??????????????????? ???????????????????????? ??????? ????????? [8] , [9] , [10] . ?????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????????????, 1766-?, ??????, ?????????????????? ?????? ???????? ??????????????????. ??????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ???????. ????????????? ??????????????????????? ??? ??? ?????????????? ?????????????????????? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????????????? ???????????? ?????????????.

Traité élémentaire de chimie, 1789 by Lavoisier
Traite elementaire de chimie: Lavoisier(1789)

1767 ???? ?????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????????? (???????????? ????) ?????????? ?????????????????. ? ??????????????????????? ?????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????. ? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??????. 1768-? ??????? ???????? ??? ??????????? ????????????????????. ???????? ?????????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ??????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????????????? ?????????? ?????. ?????? ?????????????????? ????????? ???????? ????????????? ???? ??? ???? ?????????? ???????? ??????. [11] , [12] .

????????? ????????? ??????- ???????????? ???????????????. ???????? ???? ????????''"Traite elementaire de chimie"'' ???? ??????????? ??????

1771-?, ???? ??? ?????????? ??????? ???????????????? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???????. ???????????? ?????????????????? ???? ?? ?????????. ???????? ?????? ?????????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????????? ???????????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ??????. ?????????????? ?????????????? ???? ?? ???????????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????? ????????????? [13] .

???????? ?????? [ ????????? ]

??????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?????????????????????????????, ??????? ????????????? ???????? ??????? , ??????? ??????? ???????????? ???????-????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????????.

1775 ???? ???????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ?????????. ???????????? ?????????? ???????????????????????? ? ????????????? ?????????? ????????? ????? ????????? ??????????????? ???????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ??????????????????????. ?????? ?????, ??????????? ???????, ????????, ????? ???????????? ??????? ????????????? ??????????????????. ?????? ???????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ????????????????? ???????? ????? ???????. ?????? ???????????????? ???????????? ??? ??????????????????? ?????? ( ???????? ) ????????? ?????????????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ???????????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????. ?????? ??????? ? ?????????? ???? ??????????, ???????????????? ??????????????????????????? ????????????? ?????????????????????????? ??? ????????????? [14] . ????????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????????? , ????? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ???????????? ???????????? ??????? ???????. ???????????? ????????????????????? ??????????????????????????? ??????.

??????? ?????????? [ ????????? ]

1789-? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????????? ??????????? ????? ????????????? ?????? ????. ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ????? ??????????????? ????????????????. 1789-? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ????????? ????????????? ??????? ?????????????? (??????????? ????) ????????????????????????? [15] . ????????????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????????????? ?????????? ( ?????? 89) ?????????? ???? ?????????????. ?????? ? ????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ??????. ?????????? ???????? ?????? ?????????????? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????????????????? ???? ??? ???? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?????????????? ?????????????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????. ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????????? ?????????? ????????? ?????????? [16] , [17] . ????? ?????? ????????????????????????????????? ?????????????.

????????? [ ????????? ]

1793 ?????????? ???????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????????????????????????. ???????????????? ????????, ?????????????, ???????????????????? ??????????? ?????? ??? ????????. ?????????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? (????????? ??? ??????? ????????) ??????????????????. ??????????? ????? ????? ???????? ?????????????. ??????????? ???????????????.

?????????, ????????, ??????? [18] [ ????????? ]

1793 ?????? 24-?? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ?????? ???????????? ?????????? ???????? ?????????????, [18] , [19] . ???????? ????? ???????? ??????????????? ?????????????. ????????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????????????? ??????. ????????????????????? 130 ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ???????????????????? ?????????????? ???????? [19] . ??????????? ???????????? ????????????? ?????????? ?????????????????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????????????????? ?????? ????????. ??????????????? ??????????? ?????????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????????. 1794 ???? 8-?? ???????? ??????????? ??????.

????????????????? ???????????????? ?????????????? ????? ?????????? ????????????????. 1794 ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ????????????? ????????? ????????????? ????? ?????. ?????????????????? ?????????????? ????? ??????????????????. ???????????? ??? ????????????????????? ??????????????? ??????????.

?????????? [ ????????? ]

?????????? ??????????????? ?????????????? ?????? ?????????????? ???? ?????? ??????????? ????????????? ??????????? ????????? ??? ???????? ????????????? [20] . ???????????? ???? ??????????????? ?????????????????? ???????????? ???????????????? ???? ?? ????????? [21] . ??????????? ?????? ??????. ???????????? ???????????????? ????????????? ?????????????? ????????????? ??? ????? ???????. ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????????????? ?????????? ???????? ??????.

??????????????? [ ????????? ]

?????????????? ??? ?????????????? ????????????? ???????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ????????????. ?????????????? ?????? ??????????????? ?????? ????? ??????????????????????? ?????????? [1] . [2] ??????????? ??????????? ??????????????????????? (The law of Conservation of Mass)??? ????????. ??????? ?????????????, ??????????????? ?????????. ????????????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ???????????. ?????????? ????????? ?????? ?????????????????? ??????? ????????????. ????????????? ? ????????? ???????? ???. ?????????? ????? , ?????? ??????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ???????? ???.

????????????? ??????

??????????? (?????) [ ????????? ]

????????? [ ????????? ]

  • Memoir on the existence of air in nitrous acid , and on the means of decomposing & recomposing this acid , Academie des sciences , Paris, 1776, 10 p.
  • On the nature of the principle which combines with metals during their calcination and increases their weight. , Academy of Sciences , Paris, April 26, 1775.
  • On Combustion in General , Academy of Sciences , Paris, 1778.
  • General Considerations on the Nature of Acids , Academy of Sciences , Paris, 1778.
  • On the action of fire animated by vital air , on the most refractory mineral substances , Academy of Sciences , Paris, 1785.
  • Essay on an art of fusion using the air of fire or vital air , Cuchet, Paris, 1787With LB Guyton de Morveau , CL Berthollet & AF Fourcroy , Method of Chemical Nomenclature , Cuchet, Paris, 1787.

??????????? [ ????????? ]

  • Notes to Serve as a Supplement to the Report of the Commissioners of the Royal Academy of Sciences on a Project for the Establishment of New Prisons , Academy of Sciences , Paris, 1770
  • Instruction on the means of making up for the scarcity of fodder, and of increasing the subsistence of cattle, Supplement to the instruction on the means of providing for the scarcity of fodder, published by order of the King on May 31, 1785 , Council of State , Paris, 1785, in-4°, 16 p.
  • Instruction on the penning of woolen animals , Imprimerie Royale , Paris, 1785, 19 p.
  • Reflections on the assignats & on the liquidation of the due or arrears debt read to the Society of 1789 , Clousier , Paris, August 29, 1790, 35 p.
  • Ideas of circumstance submitted to the Society of 1789 by one of its members , Postillon impr., Paris, January 14, 1791, 8 p.
  • On the territorial wealth of the kingdom of France , Constituent Assembly , Paris, 1791, 66 p.,
reed. in coll. Mixtures of political economy , Guillaumin & cie., Paris, 1847
From the state of the finances of France, January 1, 1792 , Du Pont, Paris, 1791, 90 p.
Report of the auditors of the three finance companies , to the representatives of the people responsible for supervising their work and read to the Finance and Accounting Committees , National Convention , Paris, 1794, 187 p.

?????? [ ????????? ]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 McKee, Douglas (1935). Antoine Lavoisier: The Father of Modern Chemistry . London: Victor Gollancz Ltd.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "The Chemical Revolution of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier:American Chemical Society International Historic Chemical Landmarks" . ACS Publications. 1988-06-08 . Retrieved 2022-06-10 .
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lavoisier, Antoine L (1789). Traite elementaire de chimie, .
  4. ↑ Lavoisier, Antoine L (1790). Elements of Chemistry : In a New Systematic Order, Containing all the Modern Discoveries (Translated by Robert Kerr from From French Original) . Royal Society , London.
  5. ↑ Pollard, Justin; Pollard, Stephanie (2019-05-05). "Antoine Lavoisier Guillotined" . Historytoday.com . History Today . Retrieved 2021-06-16 .
  6. ↑ Yount, Lisa (2008). Antoine Lavoisier : Founder of Modern Chemistry . New Jersy: Enslow Publishers Inc. pp. 12?14. ISBN   9780 76603011-4 .
  7. ↑ Donovan, Arthur (1993). Antoine Lavoisier: science,Administration and Revolution (Cambridge Science Biographies) . Cambridge,UK: Cambridge University Press. p. 12.
  8. ↑ Baxter, Roberta (2009). Fire,water and Air: the story of Antoine Lavoisier . North Carolina, USA: Morgan Reynolds Publishing. pp. 22?23. ISBN   9781599350875 .
  9. ↑ Hudson, John (1992). The History of Chemistry . London: MacMillan. p. 62. ISBN   9781349223626 .
  10. ↑ Lavoisier, Antoine (1766-04-16). "GYPSUM ANALYSIS , PRESENTED TO THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES ON FEBRUARY 27, 1765 .THE REPORT WAS MADE ON APRIL 16, 1766 .FIRST MEMORY" . lavoisier.cnrs.fr . lavoisier.cnrs.fr . Retrieved 2022-06-11 .
  11. ↑ Meldrum, A.N. (1933-06-01). "Lavoisier's Early Work in Science: 1763-1771". Isis . History of Sceince Society,University of Chicago Press (1933, 19(2)): 330?363.
  12. ↑ Perrin, C.E (1986-12-01). "Lavoisier's Thoughts on Calcination and Combustion, 1772-1773". Isis . The History of Science Society, University of Chicago Press. 77(4): 647?666. {{ cite journal }} : CS1 maint: date and year ( link )
  13. ↑ Bell, Madison Smartt (2005). Lavoisier in the year One: the Birth of a New Science in an Age of Revolution . New York: W.W. Norton & Company. pp.  14 -15. ISBN   0-393-05155-2 .
  14. ↑ McKie, Douglas (1935). AntoineLavoisier : Father of Modern Chemistry . London: Victor Gollanz Ltd. pp. 43?44.
  15. ↑ McKIE, Douglas (1935). Antoine Lavoisier : The Father of Modern Chwmistry . London: Victor Gollancz Ltd. pp. 276?277.
  16. ↑ McKIE, Douglas (1935). "IX Last years 1789-94". Antoine Lavoisier The Father of Modern Chemistry . London: Vicor Gollanz Ltd. pp. 275?280.
  17. ↑ Cochrane, J.A. (1931). "XV Personal Attacks". Lavoisier . London: Constable & Company. pp. 178?184.
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 Bell, Madison Smartt (2005). Lavoisier in the year One: The birth of a New Science in an Age of Revolution . New York: W.W Norton & Company. ISBN   0-393-05155-2 .
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 Cochrane, J.A (1931). "XIX Arrest". Lavoisier . London: Constable & Company. pp. 214?225.
  20. ↑ Cochran, J.A (1931). "XXII Epilogue". Lavoisier . London: Constable & Company. pp. 254?258.
  21. ↑ Cochrane, J.A (1931). Lavoisier: . London: Constable & Company. p. 233.
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