?????? ???

?????? ???????????? ? ?????????? ????????????
(?????????????? ????????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??? )
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?????? ?????????? ?? ??????? ???? ??????

?????? ????? ????????? ???????????? ??????? : ????????? ?????????? ???? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????????; ??????????? ???????? ?????? ; ??????? ??????????? ??????? MANPADS -?; ????? ???????? ?????????? ????????? ?????? ????????
?????? 2003 ???? 20 ????? ? 2011 ???? 18 ????????? (7 ????, 9 ???, 4 ????? ?? 1 ???)
?????????? ?????
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აშშ-ის დროშა  ???
დიდი ბრიტანეთის დროშა  ???? ?????????
ავსტრალიის დროშა  ?????????
პოლონეთის დროშა  ????????
????????
?????????? :
იტალიის დროშა  ?????? [8]
კანადის დროშა  ?????? [9]
ნიდერლანდების დროშა  ???????????? [10] 		?????? ???? (2003 ????)
?????????? ?????
?????? ??????
(2003?2011 ?????)
აშშ-ის დროშა  ???
დიდი ბრიტანეთის დროშა  ???? ?????????

ერაყის დროშა ?????? ????? ????????

?????????? :
ირანის დროშა  ????? [11] [12]
ერაყის ქურთისტანის დროშა  ?????? ??????????

?????? ?????? (2003?2011)
???????? ???????????

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?????????? :
ირანის დროშა  ?????

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ერაყის დროშა ??? ?????
ერაყის დროშა ??????? ?? ??????
ერაყის დროშა ???? ??-??????
??????? ???????
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აშშ-ის დროშა ???? ?????? ????
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აშშ-ის დროშა ?????? ?????????
აშშ-ის დროშა ?????? ??????
გაერთიანებული სამეფოს დროშა ???? ?????
გაერთიანებული სამეფოს დროშა ?????? ??????
გაერთიანებული სამეფოს დროშა ?????? ????????
ავსტრალიის დროშა ??? ???????
ავსტრალიის დროშა ????? ????
იტალიის დროშა ?????? ??????????
კანადის დროშა ?????? ?????????
ესპანეთის დროშა ???? ????? ??????
დანიის დროშა ?????? ??? ?????????
პოლონეთის დროშა ?????????? ??????????
პოლონეთის დროშა ??? ????????
პოლონეთის დროშა ????????? ?????????? 		ერაყის დროშა ????? ???????  ( ???? )
ერაყის დროშა ???? ??????? ?? ?????
ერაყის დროშა ????? ???????   †
ერაყის დროშა ???? ???????   †
ერაყის დროშა ???? ????? ???????  ( ???? )
ერაყის დროშა ??? ????? ?? ??????  ( ???? )
ერაყის დროშა ????? ??????? ?? ???????  ( ???? )
ერაყის დროშა ???? ????? ????????  ( ???? )
ერაყის დროშა ????? ?????  ( ???? )
ერაყის დროშა ??????? ????? ??-??????

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????? ?? ?????

??????
?????? ?????? (2003 ????)
309 000 ????????
აშშ-ის დროშა: 192 000 ???????? [16]
დიდი ბრიტანეთის დროშა: 45 000 ????????
ავსტრალიის დროშა: 2 000 ????????
პოლონეთის დროშა: 194 ????????
ერაყის ქურთისტანის დროშა ???????? : 70 000 ????????

????????? ?????? (2004?2009 ?????)
176 000 ???????? ?????
საქართველოს დროშა:8 495 ???????? [17]
???-?? ?????? ?????? (2010?2011 ?????)
112 000 ???????? ????????????
???????????? ????????????? ?????????? 6 000?7 000 [18]
?????? ???????????? ??????
805 269 ????????? (??????????? ?? ?????????????????: 578 269 ?? [19] ???????????: 227 000)
??????????? ???????????
?103 000 ???????? (2008 ??????????) [20]
?????? ??????????
?400 000 ???????? (??????? ????????? ???????: 30 000 ???????? ?? [21] ???????? 375 000 ????????)

?????? ???????????? ?????? : 375 000 ???????? (??????? ???? 2003 ????)
?????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????? : 12 000 ????????
?????? ???????????? ??????? : 70 000?75 000 ????????
??????? ?????? : 30 000 ????????

?????? ???????????
?70 000 ???????? (2007 ?????????) [22]
??-?????
?1 300 ???????? (2006 ?????????) [23]
?????? ???????? ??????????
?1 000 ???????? (2008 ?????????)
?????????? ??????? ???????
?500?1 000 ???????? (2007 ?????????)

???????????
?????? ???????????? ?????? (??????? ??????)

??????? : 17 690 [24]
??????? : 40 000+ [25]
????????? ??????
??????? : 4 815 [26] [27] (4 496 ??? [28]
179 ???? ????????? [29]
3 ?????????? [30]
136 ??????) [26]
??????????? ?? ????? ???????????? (???): 17 (9 ??????????? ?????????, 8 ??????????? ????) [31]
??????? : 32 776+ (32 252 ?????????, [28] 315 ?????????, 212+ ???? [32] ) [33] [34] [35] [36] ??????????, ??????????? ?? ???? : 51 139 (47 541 ???, [37] 3 598 ???? ?????????) [33] [35] [36]
?????????????
??????? : 1 554 [38] [39]
??????? ?? ?????????? : 43 880 [38] [39]
???????????? ?????
??????? : 1 002+ [40]
??????? : 500+ (2007 ????), [41] 828 (2008 ????) [42] ??? ???????: 25 285 (+12 000 ??????? ????????? 2003-2005 ??????)
??? ??????? ?????????? ?? ??????????? 172 123+

??????? ??????? ?????????? (2003 ???? ?????? ???????): 5 388?10 800 [43] [44] [45]
??????????? (??????? ??????)
??????? : 26 544 (2003?2011 ??????) [46]
(4 000 ??????? ??????? 2006 ???? ??????????????) [47]
?????????????? : 12 000 [48]
119 752 ?????????? ???????? (2003-2007 ??????) [49]
??? ???????????: 31 608?37 344
????????? ?????????????? :
???????? ?????? ** (2003-2006 ?????): 654 965 [50] [51]
?????? ??????? ????????? ?????? *** (2003-2006 ?????): 151 000 [52]
PLOS-?? ?????????? ??????** : (2003-2011 ?????): 405 000 , ????????? 55 000 ??????????? ???????????? ?????????? ??????? [53]
Documented deaths from violence :
?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? (2003-2011 ?????): 103 160?113 728 ?????????? ???????????? [54] ?? 12 438 ????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ???????????? ?????????? [55]
Associated Press (2003-2009 ?????): 110 600 [56]
* ??????? ?????????????, ????????????? ?? ???? ?????????? ???????????? ????? ??????“: ????????? ??????? ???????????????. ???? ?????????? ???????? ???????? ?????????? ???????????“.
** ????? ????????????? : ????? ????? ?????????? ???????????? ??????????, ????????????? ???????????????, ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????????????
*** ?????? ??????????? ?????????????? ? ?? ?????? ?????????????? ??????????, ????????????? ???????????????, ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ??????????????.
?????? ??? ????????????

?????? ??? [??? 1] ? ??? ??????? ?????? 2003 ???? ????? ??????????? ????????? ?????? ??????, ??? -?? ??????????????? ????? ???????? ????????????? ?????????? ??????. ????????? ????????? ????????? ???????, ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????????? ???????????????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????????. [57] ??????????, ?????? ???-??? ????? ?????????? 151 000-600 000 ??????? ??????? ?? ???????????. ??? -? ?????? ???????? ??????????? 2011 ???? ??????????, ????? ?????? ?????????? ???? ?? ???????? ??????????? ??????????? ??????, 2014 ???? ????? ?????? ?????????????? ???????????? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ?????????????? ??????. ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?????????? . [58] [59] ??? 2014 ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????. 2003 ???? ?????? ????? ???????????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????????? ??????? ???? ???????? 11 ?????????? ?????????? ??????. [60]

2002 ???? ??????????, ???-?? ????????? ????????? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????????, ?? ?? ??? ???????????. [61] ?????? ??? ?????? 2003 ???? 20 ????? , [62] ??????? ??? -?, ????? ?????????? ?? ????????? ???? ????????????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????“ . ?????? ???????????? ?????? ?????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ?????????. 2003 ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????, ???????? ?????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ??????????? ?? 2006 ???? ???? ????????? ????? . ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ???????? ???????????? ?????????????? ????????? ?????? 2006-2007 ?????? ?????????? ??? , ????? ????????? ????????? ???????, ???????? ??????????? ?? ????????? ??????. ???? ??????????? ???????????? ??????????? ????? ???????? ????? ?? ??-????? . ??? -? ????????? ???? ?????????? ??????? 170 000 ???????? ?????? ?????????? 2007 ????. [63] ???????????? ?????????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ?? ???????????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ??????????????? ??? ?????????? ?????????. [64] ??? -?? ???????????? ???? ?????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????????????. ???-?? ????????????? ??????? ????? ?????????? 2011 ???? ?????????? ???????. [65]

????????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

  1. ↑ ????????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ?????? , ?????? ???????? , ????????? ????? ????? ??? , ????????? ????? ??? II . 2003 ?????? 2010 ?????? ?????????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????????? ?? ??? -?? ??????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? 2010 - 2011 ??????.

?????? [ ??????????? | ?????? ??????????? ]

  1. ↑ Michael Petrou (9 September 2011). ?The decline of al-Qaeda“ . Maclean's . ?????? : ?George W. Bush gambled on surging thousands more troops to the embattled country. It paid off. Al-Qaeda in Iraq is now a diminished force without territory.“
  2. ↑ Spencer C. Tucker (14 December 2015). U.S. Conflicts in the 21st Century: Afghanistan War, Iraq War, and the War on Terror . ISBN 978-1440838798 . ?Al Qaeda in Iraq was decimated by the end of the Iraq War in 2011“  
  3. ↑ Galbraith, Peter W. (2007). The End of Iraq: How American Incompetence Created a War Without End . Simon & Schuster. ISBN 978-0743294249 .  
  4. ↑ ?Iran expands regional 'empire' ahead of nuclear deal“ . Reuters . 23 March 2015. ????????????? ???????????? ? 10 ???????? 2015 . ????????? ??????: 13 ?????? 2020 .
  5. ↑ How to Stop Iran's Growing Hegemony ? National Review Online . National Review Online (10 April 2015).
  6. ↑ ?The JRTN Movement and Iraq's Next Insurgency | Combating Terrorism Center at West Point“ . Ctc.usma.edu. ????????????? ???????????? ? 26 ??????? 2011 . ????????? ??????: 2 August 2014 .
  7. ↑ ?Al-Qaeda's Resurgence in Iraq: A Threat to U.S. Interests“ . U.S. Department of State. 5 February 2014 . ????????? ??????: 26 November 2010 .
  8. ↑ Il discorso di Berlusconi alla Camera . ????????????? ???????????? ? 2021-02-17. ????????? ??????: 2020-06-13.
  9. ↑ Greg Weston (16 May 2011). ?Canada offered to aid Iraq invasion: WikiLeaks“ . CBC News.
  10. ↑ Regering. (12 January 2010) Rapport Commissie-Davids . rijksoverheid.nl . ????????????? ???????????? ? 3 ????????? 2017. ????????? ??????: 26 February 2017.
  11. ↑ Elaheh Rostami-Povey, Iran's Influence: A Religious-Political State and Society in Its Region , pp. 130?154, Zed Books Ltd, 2010.
  12. ↑ Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 5 ????? 2016. ????????? ??????: 13 ?????? 2020.
  13. ↑ President Barack Obama Speaks With VICE News . YouTube. 16 March 2015 . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2a01Rg2g2Z8#t=745 .
  14. ↑ Operations By Iran's Military Mastermind ? Business Insider . Business Insider (9 July 2014). ????????????? ???????????? ? 7 ?????? 2018. ????????? ??????: 13 ?????? 2020.
  15. ↑ Operations By Iran's Military Mastermind ? Business Insider . Business Insider (9 July 2014).
  16. ↑ A Timeline of Iraq War, Troop Levels . The Huffington Post .
  17. ↑ ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????
  18. ↑ Deputy Assistant Secretary for International Programs Charlene Lamb's Remarks on Private Contractors in Iraq . U.S. Department of State (17 July 2009). ????????? ??????: 23 October 2010.
  19. ↑ (3 February 2010) The Military Balance 2010 . London: Routledge . ISBN 978-1-85743-557-3 .  
  20. ↑ Rubin, Alissa J. ; Nordland, Rod (29 March 2009). ?Troops Arrest an Awakening Council Leader in Iraq, Setting Off Fighting“ . The New York Times . ????????? ??????: 30 March 2010 .
  21. ↑ The Kurdish peshmerga forces will not be integrated into the Iraqi army: Mahmoud Sangawi ? Interview . Ekurd.net (22 January 2010). ????????????? ???????????? ? 2 ?????? 2019. ????????? ??????: 23 October 2010.
  22. ↑ The Brookings Institution Iraq Index: Tracking Variables of Reconstruction & Security in Post-Saddam Iraq ???????????? 2 October 2007 ?????? Wayback Machine . 1 October 2007
  23. ↑ Pincus, Walter. "Violence in Iraq Called Increasingly Complex" . The Washington Post , 17 November 2006.
  24. ↑ 260 ??????? 2003 ????, [1] 15 196 ??????? 2004-2009 ??????, [2] 67 ??????? 2009 ???? ??????, [3] ???????????? 26 February 2012 ?????? Wayback Machine . 1 100 ??????? 2010 ???? [4] ???????????? 16 January 2013 ?????? Wayback Machine . ?? 1 067 ??????? 2011 ????, [5] ??????? ?????: 17 690 ???????????
  25. ↑ Iraq War . U.S. Department of State. ????????? ??????: 18 November 2012.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Operation Iraqi Freedom . iCasualties. ????????????? ???????????? ? 21 March 2011. ????????? ??????: 24 August 2010.
  27. ↑ ?Home and Away: Iraq and Afghanistan War Casualties“ . CNN . ????????? ??????: 30 March 2010 .
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Casualty . ????????? ??????: 29 June 2016.
  29. ↑ Fact Sheets | Operations Factsheets | Operations in Iraq: British Fatalities . Ministry of Defence of the United Kingdom. ????????????? ???????????? ? 11 October 2009. ????????? ??????: 17 October 2009.
  30. ↑ ??????????? ????????? ??????????? ???????????? ???????
  31. ↑ ?POW and MIA in Iraq and Afghanistan Fast Facts“ . CNN . ????????? ??????: 5 June 2014 . ; As of July 2012, seven American private contractors remain unaccounted for. Their names are: Jeffrey Ake, Aban Elias, Abbas Kareem Naama, Neenus Khoshaba, Bob Hamze, Dean Sadek and Hussain al-Zurufi. Healy, Jack, " With Withdrawal Looming, Trails Grow Cold For Americans Missing In Iraq ", The New York Times , 22 May 2011, p. 6.
  32. ↑ 33 ????????? [6] , 31+ ???????? [7] [8] ???????????? 28 April 2011 ?????? Wayback Machine . , 30 Bulgarians [9] [10] , 20 ??????????? [11] , 19 ???????? [12] ???????????? 2011-05-13 ?????? Wayback Machine . , 18 ???????? [13] , 16+ ???????? [14] Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 12 June 2007. ????????? ??????: 7 January 2011. [15] Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 14 May 2011. ????????? ??????: 7 January 2011. [16] , 15 ???????? [17] ???????????? 29 April 2011 ?????? Wayback Machine . [18] ???????????? 2019-04-02 ?????? Wayback Machine . [19] ???????????? 2 April 2019 ?????? Wayback Machine . [20] , 10 ???????? [21] , 6 ??????????? Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 28 April 2011. ????????? ??????: 6 January 2011. , 5 ????????, 4 ?????? Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 30 January 2012. ????????? ??????: 7 January 2011. , 3 ?????????? Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 7 July 2011. ????????? ??????: 6 January 2011. ?? 2 ?????????? [22] [23] for a total of 212+
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 Many official U.S. tables at "Military Casualty Information" ???????????? 3 March 2011 ?????? Wayback Machine . . See latest totals for injury, disease/other medical ???????????? 2 June 2011 ?????? Wayback Machine .
  34. ↑ "Casualties in Iraq" .
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 iCasualties.org (was lunaville.org). Benicia, California. Patricia Kneisler, et al. , "Iraq Coalition Casualties" ???????????? 21 March 2011 ?????? Wayback Machine .
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 "Defence Internet Fact Sheets Operations in Iraq: British Casualties" ???????????? 14 November 2006 ?????? Wayback Machine . . UK Ministry of Defense. Latest combined casualty and fatality tables ???????????? 4 October 2012 ?????? Wayback Machine . .
  37. ↑ Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 2 June 2011. ????????? ??????: 7 February 2016.
  38. ↑ 38.0 38.1 Office of Workers' Compensation Programs (OWCP) ? Defense Base Act Case Summary by Nation . U.S. Department of Labor. ????????? ??????: 15 December 2011.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 T. Christian Miller. (23 September 2009) U.S. Government Private Contract Worker Deaths and Injuries . Projects.propublica.org. ????????????? ???????????? ? 27 July 2011. ????????? ??????: 23 October 2010.
  40. ↑ 185 ??????? 2007 ???? ????????? 2007 ???? ???????????, [24] 4 ????? ????? ??? ????? ???????????, 2007 ???? 12 ?????????? 25 ?????????? 25 2007 ???? 12 ????????, [25] ???????????? 2013-05-14 ?????? Wayback Machine . 528 2008 ????, [26] ???????????? 10 December 2016 ?????? Wayback Machine . 27 2009 ???? 2 ???????, [27] 13 2009 ???? 23 ????????, Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 29 April 2011. ????????? ??????: 14 February 2011. 15 in December 2009, [28] 100+ 2001 ???? ????????? ?????????, [29] [30] 52 on 18 July 2010, [31] [32] total of 1,002+ dead ???????????? 18 April 2009 ?????? Wayback Machine .
  41. ↑ Moore, Solomon; Oppel, Richard A. (24 January 2008). ?Attacks Imperil U.S.-Backed Militias in Iraq“ . The New York Times .
  42. ↑ Greg Bruno. Finding a Place for the 'Sons of Iraq' . Council on Foreign Relations. ????????????? ???????????? ? 10 ????????? 2016. ????????? ??????: 26 December 2011.
  43. ↑ [33] ???????????? 2009-09-02 ?????? Wayback Machine . // comw.org
  44. ↑ Press release (28 October 2003). "New Study Finds: 11,000 to 15,000 Killed in Iraq War; 30 Percent are Non-Combatants; Death Toll Hurts Postwar Stability Efforts, Damages US Image Abroad" . Project on Defense Alternatives ( via Common Dreams NewsCenter ). Retrieved 2 September 2010. ???????????? 17 October 2006 ?????? Wayback Machine .
  45. ↑ Conetta, Carl (23 October 2003). "The Wages of War: Iraqi Combatant and Noncombatant Fatalities in the 2003 Conflict ? Project on Defense Alternative Research Monograph #8" ???????????? 2009-09-02 ?????? Wayback Machine . . Project on Defense Alternatives ( via Commonwealth Institute ). Retrieved 2 September 2010.
  46. ↑ 597 killed in 2003, [34] , 23,984 killed from 2004 through 2009 (with the exceptions of May 2004 and March 2009), [35] 652 killed in May 2004, [36] 45 killed in March 2009, [37] ???????????? 2009-09-03 ?????? Wayback Machine . 676 killed in 2010, [38] and 590 killed in 2011, [39] thus giving a total of 26,544 dead
  47. ↑ "4 000 fighters killed, 'al-Qaida in Iraq' tape says." The Guardian. 28 September 2006.
  48. ↑ ?Amnesty: Iraq holds up to 30,000 detainees without trial“ . CNN. 13 September 2010. ????????????? ???????????? ? 23 October 2010 . ????????? ??????: 6 January 2011 .
  49. ↑ "Insurgent body count documents released." ???????????? 2020-07-27 ?????? Wayback Machine . Stars and Stripes. 1 October 2007. Number of convictions not specified.
  50. ↑ Mortality after the 2003 invasion of Iraq: a cross-sectional cluster sample survey . ????????????? ???????????? ? 7 September 2015.   (242 KB) . By Gilbert Burnham, Riyadh Lafta, Shannon Doocy, and Les Roberts. The Lancet , 11 October 2006
  51. ↑ The Human Cost of the War in Iraq: A Mortality Study, 2002?2006 .   (603 KB) . By Gilbert Burnham, Shannon Doocy, Elizabeth Dzeng, Riyadh Lafta, and Les Roberts. A supplement to the October 2006 Lancet study. It is also found here: Archived copy . ????????????? ???????????? ? 28 November 2007. ????????? ??????: 9 May 2012. [40]
  52. ↑ "Iraq Family Health Survey" New England Journal of Medicine 31 January 2008
  53. ↑ Hagopian, Amy; Flaxman, Abraham D.; Takaro, Tim K.; Esa Al Shatari, Sahar A.; Rajaratnam, Julie; Becker, Stan; Levin-Rector, Alison; Galway, Lindsay; Hadi Al-Yasseri, Berq J.; Weiss, William M.; Murray, Christopher J.; Burnham, Gilbert; Mills, Edward J. (15 October 2013). ?Mortality in Iraq Associated with the 2003?2011 War and Occupation: Findings from a National Cluster Sample Survey by the University Collaborative Iraq Mortality Study“ . PLOS Medicine . 10 (10): e1001533. doi : 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001533 . PMC   3797136 . PMID   24143140 .
  54. ↑ Iraq Body Count . ????????? ??????: 27 April 2014.
  55. ↑ Iraq War Logs: What the numbers reveal . Iraq Body Count. ????????? ??????: 3 December 2010.
  56. ↑ Kim Gamel (23 April 2009). ?AP Impact: Secret tally has 87,215 Iraqis dead“ . Fox News . ????????? ??????: 26 April 2014 .
  57. ↑ Iraq War . ????????? ??????: 27 October 2012.
  58. ↑ Flintoff, Corey (25 September 2009). ?Blackwater's Prince Has GOP, Christian Group Ties“ . National Public Radio . ????????? ??????: 28 February 2009 .
  59. ↑ Gordon, Michael; Trainor, Bernard (1 March 1995) The Generals' War: The Inside Story of the Conflict in the Gulf . New York: Little Brown & Co.  
  60. ↑ Collins, Dan. Congress Says Yes To Iraq Resolution . ????????????? ???????????? ? 23 August 2019. ????????? ??????: 12 March 2019.
  61. ↑ ?Iraq War | 2003?2011“ . Encyclopædia Britannica (?????????) . ????????? ??????: 31 January 2017 .
  62. ↑ ?Timeline: Invasion, surge, withdrawal; U.S. forces in Iraq“ . Reuters . 18 December 2011.
  63. ↑ Hanson, Victor Davis. Iraq and Afghanistan: A tale of two surges . ????????? ??????: 14 March 2019.
  64. ↑ Feller, Ben (27 February 2009). ?Obama sets firm withdrawal timetable for Iraq“ . Yahoo! News . Associated Press. ????????????? ???????????? ? 2 March 2009.
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