????? ???????? ????

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????? ????? ????? ???????? ????

????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ????? ???????? , ???????? ? ????? ???? ? ???? ?? ?????? ??????. ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?? ? ????? , ??? ???? ????? 25° ??40° ? ???? ?? ???? . ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???, ??? ????? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ??? ? ?????? .

??? ????? ?? ????? ? ???? ??? ??Cwa ?? Cfa. ?? ?? ???, ?? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? C°‏ 3- ??C°‏ 18, ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ????? ??? C°‏ 22. ??? ??, ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???? ???.

????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

???? ????????? ? ???????

?????? ????????? ????? ???? ???? ??? ??? ? ????? ?? ????? ??????, ??? ???? ????? 25° ?? 40°, ????? ?? ???? ? ???? ???? ????? ????? , ???? ???? ?????? ??????? , ????? ? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? , ???? ???????? , ????? ???? ? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ? ??? . ???? ? ?????? , ???? ?????? ???? Cfa ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????, Aw ??Af, ????? ? ????? ????? ?? ???? ? ????? ?????? ??????? ????? Cf. ???? ???????, ???? ?????? ???? Cwa ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????, ????? ?? ???? ? ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ???? Cs.

????? ????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??????? ??? ???? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ????????, ????? ????? ? ????? ?????? ????????. ?????, ???? ? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? . ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ????. ?????? ????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ? ???? , ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????. ??? ??????? ??? ??????, ??????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ???? . ????? ???? , ??????? ?????? ????? ?????, ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??????????? ? ??????? , ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ? ?????? .

???????? ??????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????. ???????? , ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?? ???? .

???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

??? ? ???? ?????.
??? ???????? ? ???? ?????? .

?????? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ? ???????? ?????? ????? ????? ???????, ????? ??? ?? ?????. ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ????.

????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? C°‏ 21 ??C°‏ 26 ???? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ??????? ????? ???? ??C°‏ 0. ????? ???? ????????? ????? ??C°‏ 32. ? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? (????? ?? 80%-70% ????? ????) ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????. ????? ?????????? ??? ? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ???? ????? ????? ????.

?????????? ????? ???? ???? ? ????? ??? C°‏ 4 ??C°‏ 13 ??? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??, ?????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ???????????. ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ? ????? ?? ????? . ?????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ????. ?? ???? ? ??????? , ??? ????? ???????? ?? C°‏ 12- ?? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? C°‏ 13.9-.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ????????? ????? ?? ??? ?? ??????, ?? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????. ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ???? ??? 600 ?"? ??2,500 ??????? ? ??? . ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????, ?? ???? ???? ????, ????? ?????? ??????? Cfa, ?? ?????? ??? ????? ????? (Cwa).

???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????. ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????? ????, ?? ??????? ???? ????? ????. ?????? ????? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????. ???? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ?????? ?????.

???? ????? ???? (Cfa) ????????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ????? ?????. ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ????? 50 ?"? ??? ???? ?? 12 ???? ?????? ???? ??150 ??"? ?? ?????? ?????? ??11 ??? ????.

??? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ?????? , ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ???? ????? ?????.

?????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

?????? ??? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? , ???? ??? ????? , ?? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? Cfa ???? ??? ????, ?" ???? ".

?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????. ???? ????? ????? ????? ???? ???? ? ??????? ???????. ??? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? . ??? ??????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????????. ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????, ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ????.

?????? ????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

  • ???? ????? ?????? , ??? ?. ????????, ????? ????? (1976).
  • ????????? ?????? , ????? ???, ????? ???? .
  • ??? ????? , ?"? ??? ????? ??"? ??? ?????, ????? ????? .
???? ??? ?????? ???????
????? A - ????? ????? ?????? ????? ( Af ), ????? ?????? ????? ( Am ), ????? ?????? ????? ( Aw , As )
????? B - ???? ????? ???? ( BWh , BWk ), ????? ???? ????? ( BSk , BSh )
????? C - ????? ????? ??-?????? (Csa, Csb, Csc) , ????? ???????? ???? ( Cfa , Cwa ), ????? ??? (Cfb, Cwb, Cfc, Cwc)
????? D - ????? ????? ????? (Dfa, Dwa, Dfb, Dwb, Dsa, Dsb) , ????? ??-????? (Dfc, Dwc, Dfd, Dwd, Dsc, Dsd)
????? E - ????? ?????? ( ET ), ????? ???? ???? ( EF ), ????? ?????? ( ET, EF )

??????? ???????? [ ????? ??? ???? | ????? ]

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