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- ↑
≪
?????????
≫ [
???? ????? ? ????? ?????????
] ??????? ????? ????? ????:
???? ??????????
. ???? ????????? ????????.
???? ???????
. ????? ???????? ???? ?????????.
?????
: ????????
????????? ???? ? ??? ?????
.
????
???-???-????-??-?
(??? ???????
?????????
)
- ↑
≪
???????? ?????????
≫ [
???? ????? ? ????? ?????????
] ??????? ≪
politician, politico
≫? ????:
???? ??????????
. ???? ????????? ????????.
???? ???????
. ????? ???????? ???? ?????????.
?????
: ????????
????????? ???? ? ??? ?????
.
????
???-???-????-??-?
(??? ???????
???????
)
- ↑
????
????????????
? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????
- ↑
Robert J. Dinkin,
Campaigning in America: A History of Election Practices
(1989)
online
???????????
?? ?? ???? ???? ????
Wayback Machine
- ↑
Kathleen Hall Jamieson and Keith Spillette,
The Press Effect: Politicians, Journalists, and the Stories that Shape the Political World
(2014)
- ↑
Nathaniel G. Pearlman,
Margin of Victory: How Technologists Help Politicians Win Elections
(2012)
online
???????????
?? ?? ???? ???? ????
Wayback Machine
- ↑
David Coast and Jo Fox, "Rumour and Politics"
History Compass
(2015), 13#5 pp 222-234.
- ↑
Joel D. Aberbach, Robert D. Putnam, and Bert A. Rockman, eds. ,
Bureaucrats and politicians in western democracies
(Harvard University Press, 1981)
- ↑
David A. Schultz, and Robert Maranto, eds. ,
The politics of civil service reform
(1998).
- ↑
Morris Szeftel, "Political graft and the spoils system in Zambia?the state as a resource in itself."
Review of African Political Economy
9.24 (1982): 4-21.
- ↑
Andrea Mattozzi and Antonio Merlo, "Political careers or career politicians?."
Journal of Public Economics
92#3 (2008): 597-608.
- ↑
Timothy S. Prinz, "The career paths of elected politicians: a review and prospectus." in Shirley Williams and Edward L. Lascher, eds.
Ambition and beyond: career paths of American politicians
(1993) pp: 11-63.
- ↑
Elina Haavio-Mannila
and Torild Skard, eds.
Unfinished Democracy: women in Nordic politics
(2013)
- ↑
Elsa M. Chaney,
Supermadre: Women in Politics in Latin America
(University of Texas Press, 2014).
- ↑
Iwan W. Morgan (2010).
Assessing George W. Bush's Legacy: The Right Man?
. p. 45.
ISBN
978-0-230-11433-3
.
- ↑
James E. Mueller (2008).
Tag Teaming the Press: How Bill and Hillary Clinton Work Together to Handle the Media
. p. 32.
ISBN
978-0-7425-6392-6
.
- ↑
Invitation to Critical Thinking - Page 319, Vincent E. Barry - 2007
- ↑
????
????
Arnold J. Heidenheimer and Michael Johnston, eds.
Political corruption: Concepts and contexts
(2011).
