American politician and activist
Susanna Madora Salter
(
nee
Kinsey
; March 2, 1860 ? March 17, 1961) was an American politician and activist. She served as mayor of
Argonia, Kansas
, becoming the first woman elected to serve as mayor in the
United States
and one of the first women to serve in any political office in the United States.
[1]
[a]
Early life and education
[
edit
]
Susanna Madora Kinsey was born March 2, 1860, near the unincorporated community of
Lamira
in
Smith Township, Belmont County, Ohio
.
[3]
[4]
She was the daughter of Oliver Kinsey and Terissa Ann White Kinsey, the descendants of
Quaker
colonists from
England
.
[3]
At the age of 12, she moved to
Kansas
with her parents, settling on an 80-acre (32-hectare) farm near
Silver Lake
. In 1878, she entered Kansas State Agricultural College (present-day
Kansas State University
) in
Manhattan
.
[4]
She was permitted to skip her freshman year, having taken college-level courses in high school, but was forced to drop out six weeks short of graduation due to illness.
[3]
[4]
While a student, she met Lewis Allison Salter, an aspiring attorney and the son of former
Kansas Lieutenant Governor
Melville J. Salter
.
[4]
They married soon thereafter and moved to
Argonia
, where she was active in the local
Woman's Christian Temperance Union
and
Prohibition Party
organizations, and became acquainted with nationally known temperance activist
Carrie Nation
.
[3]
In 1883, she gave birth to the first baby born in Argonia, Francis Argonia Salter. Lewis and Susanna Salter had a total of nine children, one of whom was born during her tenure as mayor and died in infancy. Following the city's incorporation in 1885, her father and husband were elected as the city's first mayor and city clerk, respectively.
[3]
[4]
Mayor
[
edit
]
Salter was elected mayor of Argonia on April 4, 1887.
[4]
Her election was a surprise because her name had been placed on a slate of candidates as a stunt by a group of men hoping to secure a loss that would humiliate women and discourage them from participation in politics.
[5]
[3]
[4]
[6]
Because candidates did not have to be made public before election day,
[3]
Salter herself did not know she was on the ballot before the polls opened.
[6]
When, on election day itself, she agreed to accept office if elected, the
Women's Christian Temperance Union
abandoned its own preferred candidate and voted for Salter en masse. Additionally, the local
Republican Party
Chairman sent a delegation to her home
[7]
and confirmed that she would serve and the Republicans agreed to vote for her, helping to secure her election by a two-thirds majority.
[3]
[6]
Salter did have an advantageous position prior to holding the office of mayor. Her father was the first ever mayor of the town, and her father-in-law served as lieutenant governor of Kansas.
[8]
Although her term was uneventful,
[3]
her election generated national interest from the press,
[4]
sparking a debate regarding the feasibility of other towns following Argonia's lead, which ranged from objections to "
petticoat rule
" to a "wait-and-see" attitude.
[3]
One of the first city council meetings over which the newly elected Mayor Salter presided was attended by a correspondent of the
New York Sun
. He wrote his story, describing the mayor's dress and hat, and pointing out that she presided with great decorum. He noted that several times she checked irrelevant discussion, demonstrating that she was a good parliamentarian. Other publicity extended to newspapers as far away as Sweden and South Africa.
[3]
As compensation for her year's service, she was paid one dollar (equivalent to $34 in 2023). After a year in office, she declined to seek reelection.
[3]
Personal life
[
edit
]
Following her term as mayor, Salter and her family continued to live in Argonia, until 1893 when her husband acquired land on the
Cherokee Strip
in
Alva, Oklahoma
(then
Oklahoma Territory
).
[4]
Ten years later, they moved to Augusta in
Woods County, Oklahoma Territory
, where her husband practiced law and established the
Headlight
newspaper.
[3]
They eventually joined the town's settlers in moving to
Carmen, Oklahoma
. Following her husband's death in 1916, she moved to
Norman, Oklahoma
,
[4]
accompanying her younger children during their studies at the
University of Oklahoma
.
[3]
She lived in Norman for the remainder of her life and maintained an interest in religious and political matters, but never again sought elected office.
[
citation needed
]
Death
[
edit
]
Salter died on March 17, 1961, in
Norman, Oklahoma
, two weeks after her 101st birthday, and was buried in
Argonia
, alongside her husband.
[4]
Honors
[
edit
]
In 1933, a commemorative bronze plaque was placed in Argonia's public square honoring Salter's service as the first woman mayor in the United States.
[3]
The
house she lived in during her tenure as mayor
was added to the
National Register of Historic Places
in September 1971.
[9]
She is the subject of the children's book
A Vote for Susanna: The First Woman Mayor
(2021).
[10]
See also
[
edit
]
Notes
[
edit
]
- ^
Nancy Smith of
Oskaloosa, Iowa
was elected mayor in 1862 as a protest against the only declared candidate, but chose not to serve.
[2]
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Koerth-Baker, Maggie.
"Why We Don't Know How Much Sexism Is Hurting Clinton's Campaign"
.
fivethirtyeight.com
. Retrieved
November 5,
2016
.
- ^
Bullock, Darryl W. (2019).
The Infamous Cherry Sisters: The Worst Act in Vaudeville
. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co. p. 124.
ISBN
978-1-4766-7556-5
– via
Google Books
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
Billington, Monroe (Autumn 1954).
"Susanna Madora Salter ? First Woman Mayor"
. kancoll.org. Archived from
the original
on 2002-11-02
. Retrieved
December 31,
2016
.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
"Susanna Madora Salter"
Archived
2017-10-23 at the
Wayback Machine
. Emily Taylor Center for Women & Gender Equity website; retrieved July 5, 2016.
- ^
Burrell, Barbara (2017).
Women and Politics: A Quest for Political Equality in an Age of Economic Inequality
. United Kingdom: Taylor & Francis. p. 214.
ISBN
9781317516279
. Retrieved
5 August
2021
.
- ^
a
b
c
Weatherford, Doris.
Women in American Politics: History and Milestones
. SAGE Publications, 2012, p. 240.
- ^
"Susanna Madora Salter profile"
.
emilytaylorcenter.ku.edu
. 22 May 2013. Archived from
the original
on 2017-10-23
. Retrieved
2017-04-10
.
- ^
Katz, Elizabeth D. (2021-07-30).
"Sex, Suffrage, and State Constitutional Law: Women's Legal Right to Hold Public Office"
. Rochester, NY.
SSRN
3896499
.
- ^
"Salter House"
. National Register of Historic Places; retrieved January 25, 2017.
- ^
"
A Vote for Susanna: The First Woman Mayor
", Albert Whitman & Co.
External links
[
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]