American writer (1911?1974)
Otto Binder
|
---|
|
Born
| Otto Oscar Binder
(
1911-08-26
)
August 26, 1911
Bessemer, Michigan
, U.S.
|
---|
Died
| October 13, 1974
(1974-10-13)
(aged 63)
Chestertown, New York
, U.S.
|
---|
Area(s)
| Writer
|
---|
Pseudonym(s)
| Eando Binder
|
---|
Notable works
| Action Comics
Adventure Comics
Captain Marvel Adventures
Mary Marvel
Superboy
Supergirl
Superman
"
I, Robot
"
|
---|
Awards
| Kirby Hall of Fame
, 1999
Eisner Hall of Fame
, 2004
Bill Finger Award
, 2010
|
---|
Relatives
| Jack Binder
(brother)
Earl Andrew Binder
(brother)
|
---|
Otto Oscar Binder
[1]
(
;
[2]
August 26, 1911
[3]
? October 13, 1974)
[1]
was an American author of
science fiction
and
non-fiction
books and stories, and
comic books
. He is best known as the co-creator of
Supergirl
and for his many scripts for
Captain Marvel Adventures
and other stories involving the entire
superhero
Marvel Family
. He was prolific in the comic book field and is credited with writing over 4,400 stories across a variety of publishers under his own name,
[4]
as well as more than 160 stories under the pen-name
Eando Binder
.
[5]
Biography
[
edit
]
Early life and career
[
edit
]
Born in
Bessemer, Michigan
, Otto Binder was the youngest of six children born into a
German
-
Lutheran
family that had emigrated from
Austria
a year earlier.
[6]
[7]
They settled in
Chicago
in 1922, during a period rich with science fiction, which enthralled Binder and his brother Earl.
[1]
The two began writing in partnership and sold their first story, "The First Martian" to
Amazing Stories
in 1930; it saw publication in 1932 under the
pen name
"
Eando Binder
" ("E" and "O" Binder).
[1]
Not earning enough as a writer, Binder and his brother worked at many jobs. Earl found employment at an
iron works
. In late December 1935, Otto Binder began working for
Otis Adelbert Kline
as a literary agent in charge of Kline's New York City office
[8]
most prominently marketing the stories of
Robert E. Howard
,
[9]
although insufficient business during this
Great Depression
era forced Kline to close his company after a year and a half.
[8]
At the time of Otto's move to New York City, Earl Binder dissolved the writing partnership, and all new material produced under the name of Eando Binder from January 1936 on, was solely the work of Otto Binder.
[8]
Concurrent with his agent work, Binder was writing for
Mort Weisinger
, editor of
Thrilling Wonder Stories
, and
Ray Palmer
, editor of
Amazing
, for the latter of whom he created the
Adam Link
series.
[1]
Fawcett Comics and Captain Marvel
[
edit
]
Binder entered comics in 1939 on the heels of his artist brother,
Jack
, who moved to New York to work at the studio of
Harry "A" Chesler
,
[1]
one of that era's "packagers" who provided outsourced content for publishers entering the new medium of
comic books
. The following year, magazine publisher
Fawcett Publications
began its
Fawcett Comics
line, and Binder started writing the exploits of such characters as Captain Venture, Golden Arrow,
Bulletman
, and El Carim.
[1]
After a year, editor
Ed Herron
had Binder tackle Fawcett's most prominent character, the superhero
Captain Marvel
. He soon wrote for the spin-off features starring
Captain Marvel, Jr.
and
Mary Marvel
,
[10]
the latter of whom he co-created with
Marc Swayze
.
[1]
[11]
Binder spent from 1941 to 1953 with Fawcett, writing "986 stories ... out of 1,743, over half the entire
Marvel Family
saga", per comic-book writer-editor
E. Nelson Bridwell
.
[1]
His first Captain Marvel writing was the "Dime Action Book" novel
Return of the Scorpion
, featuring the villain from the 1941 Republic serial
The
Adventures of Captain Marvel
.
[12]
His first Captain Marvel comic-book story was "Captain Marvel Saves the King" in
Captain Marvel Adventures
#9 (April 1942). He wrote for numerous other Fawcett features, as well as many two-page text fillers that were required in comics in order to be eligible for magazine postal rates. His text stories in
Captain Marvel Adventures
, under the "Eando" pseudonym, starred Lieutenant Jon Jarl of the Space Patrol.
[1]
[4]
During his time at Fawcett, Binder co-created with Swayze and
C. C. Beck
such characters as Mary Marvel, Uncle Dudley, Mr.
Tawky Tawny
,
Black Adam
, and
Mr. Mind
, as well as two of
Doctor Sivana
's four children: the evil teens Thaddeus Sivana Jr. and daughter Georgia.
[1]
Binder and Beck unsuccessfully attempted to launch a newspaper comic strip featuring Mr. Tawky Tawny in 1953.
[13]
Other comics work
[
edit
]
Binder left Fawcett when the company shut down its comic book division in 1953, but found no shortage of work. For
Timely Comics
, the 1940s company that would evolve into
Marvel Comics
, he [co-]created
Captain Wonder
,
[14]
the
Young Allies
, Tommy Tyme and the patriotically themed superheroine
Miss America
,
[15]
[16]
and wrote for stories starring
Captain America
, the
Human Torch
, the
Sub-Mariner
, the
Destroyer
, the
Whizzer
, and the
All-Winners Squad
.
[1]
[4]
For
Quality Comics
, Binder co-created
Kid Eternity
, and wrote
Blackhawk
,
Doll Man
,
Uncle Sam
and
Black Condor
stories. For
MLJ Comics
(subsequently known as
Archie Comics
), he wrote stories starring
Steel Sterling
, the
Shield
, the
Hangman
, and the
Black Hood
.
[1]
At
Gold Key Comics
, Binder co-created
Mighty Samson
and other characters. His science fiction for
EC Comics
includes "Lost in Space", illustrated by
Al Williamson
, in
Weird Science-Fantasy
#28 (March?April 1955).
[4]
DC Comics
[
edit
]
In 1948, Binder began working for
DC Comics
, then known as National Periodical Publications, swiftly creating
Merry, Girl of 1,000 Gimmicks
, in the feature "
Star-Spangled Kid
", whose place Merry soon took in
Star-Spangled Comics
.
[17]
He then moved on to his best-known DC work, the
Superman
group of titles, including launching the
Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen
series in 1954.
[18]
Binder and artist
Al Plastino
collaborated on the
Superboy
story in
Adventure Comics
#247 (April 1958) that introduced the
Legion of Super-Heroes
, a teen superhero team from the future that eventually became one of DC's most popular features.
[19]
Binder and Plastino debuted the supervillain
Brainiac
and the Bottle City of
Kandor
in
Action Comics
#242 (July 1958)
[20]
and co-created
Supergirl
in
Action Comics
#252 (May 1959).
[1]
[21]
With various artist collaborators, he co-created
Krypto the Super Dog
,
[22]
the
Phantom Zone
, and the supporting characters
Lucy Lane
,
Beppo the Super Monkey
, and
Titano the Super Ape
. In the first issue of
Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen
, he introduced
Jimmy Olsen
's signal-watch, and in #31, Jimmy's Elastic Lad identity.
[1]
[4]
He wrote the
Lois Lane
feature in
Showcase
#9 (Aug. 1957) which served as a tryout for the
character's own series
.
[23]
DC writer-editor
E. Nelson Bridwell
credits Binder as creating the first "
Imaginary Tale
, for Lois Lane", and of writing "most of the early"
Bizarro
stories,
[24]
including at least the first "Tales of the Bizarro World" feature.
[1]
The character's first comic book appearance was in
Superboy
#68 (Oct. 1958) by Binder and artist
George Papp
[25]
and
Bizarro World
was introduced in
Action Comics
#263 (April 1960).
[26]
Binder scripted what Bridwell calls the "classic [storyline] 'Superman's Return to
Krypton
.'"
[1]
His last Superman story was "The Cage of Doom" in
Action Comics
#377 (June 1969).
[4]
Binder was featured in a story in the first issue of
Shazam
, DC Comics' 1970s revival of the original Captain Marvel. The Binder character, drawn by
C. C. Beck
, meets a young Billy Batson and is astonished that the boy, who has been missing for 20 years, is still a kid.
[27]
Books
[
edit
]
Binder was a proponent of the
ancient astronauts
theory, and a believer in
extraterrestrial life
. Binder's theory is that human beings are "homo hybrid", an "interstellar crossbreed" (half human, half extraterrestrial).
[28]
He first discussed this hypothesis in his 1968 book
Flying Saucers Are Watching Us
(later called
Unsolved Mysteries of the Past
, Tower Publications; reissue edition, 1970). He wrote
Mankind Child of the Stars
with Max Flindt in 1974, discussing the concept of "astroevolution".
Erich von Daniken
wrote a foreword for the book, which was revised and reprinted in 1999.
[29]
He wrote extensively about
UFOs
in magazines, including articles detailing the experiences of claimed UFO contactee
Ted Owens
.
[30]
New works
[
edit
]
Binder's previously unpublished 1953 story, "The Unwanted", has been adapted as a graphic novel by Robert L. Reiner. To be published in early 2023 by Fantagraphics, the manuscript had been given to Reiner in the late sixties when he was a teenage fanzine editor and publisher. The story describes a census to be taken in the distant future. A civilization of "Mastermen" rule a galactic empire and visit this planet to determine if it is worthy to join an imperial congress. Membership means access to technology and protection. In evaluating this particular planet, the Mastermen are shocked by what they find. The book is illustrated by Milton Caniff Award winning EC/Creepy/MAD artist Angelo Torres and the much acclaimed Austrian sculptor and speed painter Stefan Koidl. The introduction and foreword are written by Eisner Award winning graphic novelist Emil Ferris.
Final years and death
[
edit
]
Binder became editor of
Space World
magazine, a move that ended in
bankruptcy
in the early 1960s. As he recalled in 1974:
I'm far from retired, simply because I can't afford it. All the money I made from the Marvels and had saved up went down the drain when, in 1960, I invested as junior partner in publishing
Space World
, a magazine about astronomics ... I think it was a good job I did as editor-in-chief?although the public stayed away from it in droves ... A loss every month on low sales. The mag lasted some 16 issues, during which time
Bill Woolfolk
and I had put in more money?I mortgaged my house?all paid up by Cap?and borrowed, etc., but we never got the lucky break. So that left me without money reserves, and it was back to the comics until 1967, when my daughter?our only child?was killed by a car at age 14. For reasons difficult to explain, my wife and I moved from
Englewood, New Jersey
, to upstate New York where Jack lived. I was pretty broken up and found it difficult to write again up here, but went back to sci-fi, this time as the market hit.
[31]
Otto Binder's daughter Mary, had been on her way to school one morning when a car jumped the curb, went into the driveway in front of the school, and killed her.
[27]
[32]
As film producer and comics historian
Michael Uslan
, a family friend, recalled, "Otto never recovered. His wife never recovered. She had a breakdown, and Otto started drinking, and eventually he dropped dead of a
heart attack
. And the three of them were gone, like in a flash."
[27]
Binder recalled in a 1972 history of comics, that after his daughter's death
... we finally made up our minds to 'start a new life.' When we moved to upstate New York in 1969, I quit DC and comics entirely and went back into the sci-fi paperback field.
Curtis Books
bought seven of my books in a row, including a few oldies, and Belmont issued another half a dozen. I began selling 'gothics' besides a batch of
flying saucer
books and articles for
Saga
magazine.
[32]
In 1973, Binder worked for
Vincent Fago
's
Pendulum Press
, adapting classic science-fiction stories into comic book format, including
Frankenstein
,
The Invisible Man
,
The Time Machine
,
20,000 Leagues Under the Sea
,
and
The Mysterious Island
.
[1]
He died in
Chestertown, New York
, on October 13, 1974, leaving behind, counted Bridwell, "almost 50,000 pages of comics" comprising "over 1,300 scripts for Fawcett" and "more than 2,000 for 20 other publishers", including "some 93 heroes in 198 magazines".
[1]
Awards and legacy
[
edit
]
Binder was posthumously inducted into the
Jack Kirby Hall of Fame
in 1999
[33]
and the
Will Eisner Hall of Fame
in 2004.
[34]
He was the posthumous recipient of the
Bill Finger Award
in 2010.
[35]
Binder is referenced in the first episode of the 2015 television series
Supergirl
as the title character prevents a crippled jet from crashing into the "Otto Binder bridge".
[36]
Bibliography
[
edit
]
DC Comics
[
edit
]
- Action Comics
#127?146, 182, 195, 200, 202, 204?260, 262?265, 267?268, 270?273, 317, 320, 323, 326, 331, 335?337, 341?342, 344, 349?353, 357, 359, 361?364, 367?369, 371?372, 374?377 (1948?1969)
- Adventure Comics
#130?147, 201?204, 206, 210?211, 214?215, 217?222, 226?227, 229?231, 233?238, 241?242, 245?247, 249, 251, 255?257, 259?265, 276, 278?279, 282, 287, 289, 355 (1948?1967)
- Detective Comics
#138?147, 150, 203?205, 207?224 (1948?1955)
- House of Mystery
#32, 37, 181, 257 (1954?1978)
- Metal Men
#30?32 (1968)
- Mystery in Space
#19?23, 26?52, 54, 57?58. 108, 110 (1954?1966)
- Showcase
#9?10 (
Lois Lane
) (1957)
- Star-Spangled Comics
#81, 85?87, 89?90, 94 (1948?1949)
- Strange Adventures
#42, 44?54, 57, 59?66, 71?72, 75?78, 80?92, 94?100, 103, 108?110, 188, 193, 200, 202 (1954?1967)
- Superboy
#37?38, 40, 42?64, 66?78, 80?81, 85, 92, 99, 114?115, 118, 121?122, 124?127, 130?133, 136, 139?140, 144?145 (1954?1968)
- Superman
#97, 109, 111, 114?115, 117, 121?124, 126?127, 129?134, 138?140, 142?143, 146, 173, 176?177, 179, 184, 186, 188?189, 192, 194, 196, 205, 215 (1955?1969)
- Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane
#1?5, 14, 17?19, 22?23, 27, 55?61, 71 (1958?1967)
- Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen
#1?37, 39?41, 44?48, 50?51, 84, 87?90, 98, 105, 112, 116?118 (1954?1969)
- World's Finest Comics
#33?34, 37?44, 105?106, 108 (1948?1960)
Fawcett Comics
[
edit
]
- America's Greatest Comics
#2, 6, 8 (1942?1943)
- Bulletman
#3, 9?10, 14 (1942?1946)
- Captain Marvel Adventures
#8?11, 14, 16?18, 20?58, 61?76, 78?97, 100?150 (1942?1953)
- Captain Marvel Jr.
#1?18, 21, 23, 28?29, 35?36, 38?63, 65, 68, 70?74, 76?90, 93, 95?96, 101?102 (1942?1951)
- Destination Moon
#1 (1950)
- Ibis the Invincible
#1?2 (1942?1943)
- Marvel Family
#1?4, 7, 10, 53 (1945?1950)
- Mary Marvel
#1?8, 10?24, 26?28 (1945?1948)
- Master Comics
#16, 18?19, 21?22, 25, 33, 40 (1941?1943)
- Whiz Comics
#21?22, 27?28, 39 (1941?1943)
Gold Key Comics
[
edit
]
Marvel Comics
[
edit
]
- All Winners Comics
#21 (1947)
- Captain America Comics
#8?9, 12, 15, 18, 23, 32, 35, 37?40, 62 (1941?1947)
- Kid Komics
#1, 4?5 (1943?1944)
- Marvel Classics Comics
#2, 4, 11, 13 (1976)
- Marvel Mystery Comics
#49?66, 70?72 (1943?1946)
- Young Allies
#12?13, 18?20 (1944?1946)
Quality Comics
[
edit
]
Novels
[
edit
]
- Lords of Creation
(1949)
- Adam Link?Robot
(1965)
- Anton York, Immortal
(1965)
- Enslaved Brains
(1965)
- The
Avengers
Battle the Earth-Wrecker
(1967)
- What We Really Know about Flying Saucers
(1967)
References
[
edit
]
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
i
j
k
l
m
n
o
p
q
r
s
Bridwell, E. Nelson
(November 1974). "In Memorium: Otto Oscar Binder".
The Amazing World of DC Comics
(3).
DC Comics
: 30.
- ^
"Docuseries-65 by Alex Grand"
Archived
June 8, 2022, at the
Wayback Machine
- ^
"Otto Binder"
.
United States Social Security Death Index
for Otto Binder,
Social Security Number
059-01-0446.
Archived
from the original on March 25, 2020
. Retrieved
March 12,
2013
– via
FamilySearch.org
.
Site gives no middle name, and a death date of October 1974, no date.
- ^
a
b
c
d
e
f
Otto Binder
at the
Grand Comics Database
- ^
Eando Binder
at the
Grand Comics Database
- ^
Schelly, Bill
(2016).
Otto Binder: The Life and Work of a Comic Book and Science Fiction Visionary
. Berkeley, California:
North Atlantic Books
. p. 14.
ISBN
978-1623170370
.
Michael and Marie, both Lutherans, began their family with the birth of two daughters, Marie (nicknamed Mitz) and Theresa (Tessie). Then, on August 11, 1902...
- ^
Packer, Sharon, M.D. (2009).
Superheroes and Superegos: Analyzing the Minds Behind the Masks
.
Praeger Publishing
. p. 102.
ISBN
978-0313355363
.
{{
cite book
}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link
)
- ^
a
b
c
Schelly, Bill
(2003).
Words Of Wonder The Life And Times of Otto Binder
. Seattle, Washington: Hamster Press. pp. 44?52.
ISBN
0-9645669-9-0
.
- ^
Roehm, Rob (May 1, 2011).
"The Kline Connection"
. REH: Two-Gun Raconteur. Archived from
the original
on January 21, 2013.
In 1935, business must have been going well, as Kline enlisted the aid of Otto O. Binder. Binder went to New York late in 1935 to be closer to the publishing scene than Kline's Chicago offices allowed.
- ^
Markstein, Don (2010).
"Mary Marvel"
.
Don Markstein's Toonopedia
.
Archived
from the original on June 6, 2014.
- ^
"Otto Binder"
.
Lambiek Comiclopedia
. December 25, 2006.
Archived
from the original on April 21, 2014.
- ^
Hamerlinck, P.C. (November 2005). "Hollywoodchuck Part 1".
Alter Ego
(54). Raleigh, North Carolina:
TwoMorrows Publishing
: 87.
- ^
Sims, Chris (September 12, 2013).
"Otto Binder And C.C. Beck's
Mr. Tawny
Captain Marvel Newspaper Strip Spinoff That Never Was"
.
ComicsAlliance
. Archived from
the original
on September 17, 2013.
What you might not know is that in 1953, Binder and Beck tried out a newspaper comic strip starring Tawny as a solo act, completely without his superheroic pal.
- ^
Sanderson, Peter
; Gilbert, Laura, ed. (2008). "1940s".
Marvel Chronicle A Year by Year History
. London, United Kingdom:
Dorling Kindersley
. p. 24.
ISBN
978-0756641238
.
In Captain Wonder's origin story by writer Otto Binder and artist Frank Giacoia, Professor Jordan ... was exposed to the fumes of his own experimental 'Wonder Fluid'.
CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link
)
- ^
Sanderson "1940s" in Gilbert (2008), p. 25: "Miss America's creators, writer Otto Binder and artist Al Gabriele, actually intended their new character to be a female counterpart to Captain America."
- ^
Markstein, Don (2010).
"Miss America"
. Don Markstein's Toonopedia.
Archived
from the original on June 6, 2014.
- ^
Wallace, Daniel; Dolan, Hannah, ed. (2010). "1940s".
DC Comics Year By Year A Visual Chronicle
. London, United Kingdom:
Dorling Kindersley
. p. 59.
ISBN
978-0-7566-6742-9
.
Otto Binder wrote the first appearance of Merry, Girl of 1,000 Gimmicks in
Star-Spangled Comics
#81 in June [1948].
CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
link
)
- ^
Irvine, Alex
"1950s" in Dolan, p. 73: "Jimmy Olsen got his own adventures in
Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen
#1. A comic remarkable for its inventiveness and longevity, it ran for 163 issues. The lead story of issue #1, 'The Boy of 100 Faces', was written by Otto Binder and drawn by Curt Swan."
- ^
Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 89: "The Legion of Super-Heroes would become one of DC's most enduring and popular groups despite their humble beginnings, in a story by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino."
- ^
Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 90: "The mythology of Krypton expanded dramatically with the introduction of the evil Brainiac and the Bottle City of Kandor in the
Action Comics
#242 story 'The Super-Duel in Space', written by Otto Binder and [drawn by] artist Al Plastino"
- ^
Markstein, Don (2010).
"Supergirl"
. Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from
the original
on June 6, 2014.
- ^
Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 76: "Superboy was reunited with his dog in 'The Super-Dog from Krypton' by writer Otto Binder and artist Curt Swan."
- ^
Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 85: "The future title
Superman's Girl Friend, Lois Lane
got a tryout in issues #9 and #10 of
Showcase
, when Lois Lane stepped in as the lead feature ... Lois dreamed of being Superman's wife in 'Mrs. Superman' ... written by Binder, with art handled by Al Plastino."
- ^
Bridwell wrote he was "not 100% sure whether he [Binder] wrote the first Bizarro story", but Binder has been credited as Bizarro's co-creator.
- ^
Irvine "1950s" in Dolan, p. 91: "A book-length story by writer Otto Binder and artist George Papp took up the entirety of
Superboy
#68. Bizarro was a copy of the Boy of Steel, created by a malfunctioning prototype duplicator ray."
- ^
McAvennie, Michael "1960s" in Dolan, p. 100: "Writer Otto Binder and artist Wayne Boring introduced an entire world filled with the backward beings, living amid foul, dilapidated conditions."
- ^
a
b
c
Recollection of
Michael Uslan
in
Smith, Zack (December 30, 2010).
"An Oral History of Captain Marvel: The Lost Years, Part 3"
.
Newsarama
. Archived from
the original
on December 19, 2013.
- ^
Cathie, Bruce (1997).
The Energy Grid
. Adventures Unlimited Press. p.
201
.
ISBN
0932813445
.
- ^
Flindt, Max H.; Binder, Otto O. (January 1999).
Mankind Child of the Stars
. Ozark Mountain Publishing.
ISBN
1886940061
.
- ^
Kripal, Jeffrey J. (2011).
Mutants and Mystics: Science Fiction, Superhero Comics, and the Paranormal
. Chicago, Illinois:
University of Chicago Press
. pp. 234?237.
ISBN
978-0-226-45383-5
.
- ^
Lage, Matt (1974). "Otto Binder".
Legion Outpost
(8).
Reprinted in
Cadigan, Glen (2003).
The Legion Companion
. Raleigh, North Carolina: TwoMorrows Publishing.
ISBN
978-1893905221
.
- ^
a
b
Steranko, Jim
(1972).
The Steranko History of Comics 2
.
Reading, Pennsylvania
: Supergraphics. p. 21.
ISBN
0-517-50188-0
.
- ^
Hahn, Joel (ed.).
"Harvey Award Winners Summary"
. Comic Book Awards Almanac.
Archived
from the original on May 12, 2015
. Retrieved
August 22,
2015
.
- ^
"Will Eisner Hall of Fame"
.
San Diego Comic-Con International
.
Archived
from the original on March 29, 2014
. Retrieved
May 17,
2014
.
- ^
"Otto Binder, Gary Friedrich to Receive Bill Finger Award"
.
Comic Book Resources
. June 10, 2010.
Archived
from the original on June 6, 2014.
- ^
Winter, Glen
(director);
Berlanti, Greg
,
Adler, Ali
, and
Kreisberg, Andrew
(writers) (October 26, 2015). "Pilot".
Supergirl
. Season 1. Episode 1.
The CW
.
Further reading
[
edit
]
External links
[
edit
]
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