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German geographer and ethnologist (1877?1934)
Robert Fritz Graebner
(4 March 1877,
Berlin
? 13 July 1934, Berlin) was a German
geographer
and
ethnologist
best known for his development of the theory of
Kulturkreis
, or culture circle. He was the first theoretician of the
Vienna School of Ethnology
.
Graebner advanced a theory of diffusion of culture (Kulturkreise) which became the basis of a culture-historical approach to
ethnology
. His theories had influence for a time in the field of
ethnology
, and were also propounded by
Franz Boas
,
Clark Wissler
and
Paul Kirchhoff
. He also induced the concept of "primeval culture".
He was in Australia attending an anthropological conference when
World War I
broke out in 1914, and due to accusations of having hidden certain sensitive documents he was not allowed to leave Australia for the duration of the war. He is known for identifying six primeval culture complexes in the Oceania region, given in his book "Ethnologie": Tasmanian culture, Old Australian boomerang culture, Totemic hunter culture, Moitey complex (two class horticulturists culture), Melenesian bow culture, and Polynesian patrilineal culture.
[1]
[2]
Publications
[
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]
- Methode der Ethnologie
(Method of Ethnology), 1911
- Das Weltbild der Primitiven
(The World View of the Primitives), 1924
References
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