From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Calendar year
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
1759
.
1759
(
MDCCLIX
) was a
common year starting on Monday
of the
Gregorian calendar
and a
common year starting on Friday
of the
Julian calendar
, the 1759th year of the
Common Era
(CE) and
Anno Domini
(AD) designations, the 759th year of the
2nd millennium
, the 59th year of the
18th century
, and the 10th and last year of the
1750s
decade. As of the start of 1759, the Gregorian calendar was 11 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
Calendar year
In
Great Britain
, this year was known as the
Annus Mirabilis
, because of British victories in the
Seven Years' War
.
Events
[
edit
]
January–March
[
edit
]
- January 6
–
George Washington
marries
Martha Dandridge Custis
.
- January 11
– In
Philadelphia
, the first American
life insurance
company is incorporated.
[1]
- January 13
–
Tavora affair
: The Tavora family is executed, following accusations of the attempted regicide of
Joseph I of Portugal
.
- January 15
- January 27
–
Battle of Rio Bueno
: Spanish forces, led by
Juan Antonio Garreton
, defeat indigenous
Huilliches
of southern Chile.
[2]
- February 12
–
Ali II ibn Hussein
becomes the new
Ruler of Tunisia
upon the death of his brother,
Muhammad I ar-Rashid
. Ali reigns for 23 years until his death in 1782.
- February 16
– The
Comte de Lally
(Thomas Lally) ends the French Army's two-month siege of the British Indian fort at
Madras
and retreats.
[3]
- February 17
– "The greatest fleet that had ever put out for America"
[4]
departs from
Portsmouth
with 250 ships (including 49
Royal Navy
warships under the command of
Vice Admiral Charles Saunders
, on a mission to capture French-controlled
Quebec
.
[5]
The ships bring 14,000 sailors, marines and
British Army
troops under the command of Major General
James Wolfe
, along with another 7,000 men in merchant service.
- March 4
–
November 20
–
Etienne de Silhouette
serves as Controller-General of France and attempts major financial reforms.
April–June
[
edit
]
July–September
[
edit
]
- July 19
– The
Great Stockholm Fire 1759
breaks out at
Sodermalm
in
Stockholm
,
Sweden
.
- July 25
–
Seven Years' War
(
French and Indian War
): In Canada, British forces capture
Fort Niagara
from the French, who subsequently abandon
Fort Rouille
.
- July 26
–
27
–
Seven Years' War
(
French and Indian War
) –
Battle of Ticonderoga
: At the southern end of
Lake Champlain
, French forces withdraw from
Fort Carillon
, which is taken by the British under
General Amherst
, and renamed
Fort Ticonderoga
.
- August 1
–
Battle of Minden
: Anglo?Hanoverian forces under
Ferdinand of Brunswick
defeat the French army of the
Duc de Broglie
, but due to the disobedience of the English cavalry commander
Lord George Sackville
, the French are able to withdraw unmolested.
- August 10
–
Ferdinand VI of Spain
dies, and is succeeded by his half-brother
Charles III
. Charles resigns the thrones of
Naples
and
Sicily
to his third son,
Ferdinand IV
.
October–December
[
edit
]
- November 21
–
Battle of Maxen
: The Austrian army of Marshal von Daun cuts off and forces the surrender of a Prussian force, under
Friedrich von Finck
.
- November 25
–
Near East earthquakes of 1759
: The second and stronger event in an
earthquake doublet
occurs to the east of
Beirut
, with a
surface wave magnitude
of 7.4 and a maximum
Mercalli intensity
of IX (
Violent
), destroying all the villages in the
Beqaa Valley
.
- November 29
–
Alamgir II
, the
Mughal Emperor of India
, is assassinated in a conspiracy orchestrated by his Prime Minister,
Imad-ul-Mulk
. The
Shah Alam II
, a grandson of the 17th century Emperor
Aurangzeb
, is made the new Mughal Emperor.
[3]
- December 6
– The
Germantown Union School
(later called
Germantown Academy
), America's oldest nonsectarian day school, is founded.
- December 10
–
Shah Jahan III
is installed as the puppet ruler of
India
's
Mughal Empire
eleven days after the death of
Alamgir II
, but is removed after a reign of only ten months.
- December 31
– The
Guinness Brewery
is leased by
Arthur Guinness
in
St. James's Gate
,
Dublin
, Ireland, for the brewing of
Guinness
.
Date unknown
[
edit
]
Births
[
edit
]
- April 27
–
Mary Wollstonecraft
, English
feminist
author (d.
1797
)
[14]
- May 15
–
Maria Theresia von Paradis
, Austrian musician, composer (d.
1824
)
- May 20
–
William Thornton
, American architect (d.
1828
)
- May 21
–
Joseph Fouche
, French statesman (d.
1820
)
- May 28
–
William Pitt the Younger
,
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
(d.
1806
)
[15]
- June 21
–
Alexander J. Dallas
, American statesman and financier (d.
1817
)
- June 25
–
William Plumer
, American lawyer, Baptist lay preacher, and politician (d.
1850
)
- July 2
–
Nathan Read
, American engineer and politician (d.
1849
)
- July 31
–
Ignaz Anton von Indermauer
, Austrian nobleman and government official (d.
1796
)
Deaths
[
edit
]
- April 14
–
George Frideric Handel
, German composer (b.
1685
)
- May 12
–
Lambert-Sigisbert Adam
, French sculptor (b.
1700
)
- May 23
–
Landgravine Eleonore of Hesse-Rotenburg
, Countess (b.
1712
)
- June 3
–
Didier Diderot
, French craftsman (b.
1685
)
- June 20
–
Margareta Capsia
, Finnish artist (b.
1682
)
- June 27
–
Jacques Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay
, French economist (b.
1712
)
- July 6
–
William Pepperrell
, English colonial soldier (b.
1696
)
- July 27
–
Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis
, French mathematician (b.
1698
)
- August 8
–
Carl Heinrich Graun
, German composer (b.
1704
)
- August 10
– King
Ferdinand VI of Spain
(b.
1713
)
- August 16
–
Eugene Aram
, English philologist and murderer, hanged (b.
1704
)
- August 24
–
Ewald Christian von Kleist
, German poet (b.
1715
)
- September 10
–
Ferdinand Kon??ak
, Croatian explorer (b.
1703
)
- September 13
–
James Wolfe
, British general (b.
1727
)
- September 14
–
Louis-Joseph de Montcalm
, French general (b.
1712
)
- September 16
–
Nicolas Antoine Boulanger
, French philosopher (b.
1722
)
- October 10
–
Granville Elliott
, Army General, British military expert, working for Britain and Palatine forces (b.
1713
)
- October 27
–
Konstancja Czartoryska
, Polish noblewoman politician (b.
1700
)
- November 14
–
Gregoire Orlyk
, Ukrainian-born French
Lieutenant General
(b.
1702
)
- November 29
–
Nicolaus I Bernoulli
, Swiss mathematician (b.
1687
)
- December 6
–
Princess Louise-Elisabeth of France
, daughter of King
Louis XV of France
(b.
1727
)
- date unknown
References
[
edit
]
- ^
Newman, Frank G. (January 1965).
"The Acquisition of a Life Insurance Company"
.
The Business Lawyer
.
20
(2). American Bar Association: 411?416
. Retrieved
April 4,
2016
.
The first life insurance company in America was organized in 1759 under the corporate title 'The Corporation for Relief of Poor and Distressed Presbyterian Ministers, and of the Poor and Distressed Widows and Children of Presbyterian Ministers'.
- ^
Barros Arana, Diego
(2000) [1886].
Historia General de Chile
(in Spanish). Vol. VI (2 ed.). Santiago, Chile:
Editorial Universitaria
. p. 310.
- ^
a
b
S. B. Bhattacherje,
Encyclopaedia of Indian Events & Dates
(Sterling Publishers, 2009) p94
- ^
George M. Wrong,
The Conquest of New France: A Chronicle of the Colonial Wars
(Yale University Press, 1921) p214
- ^
a
b
c
"Quebec, Capture of", in
Encyclopedia of Naval History
, ed. by Anthony Bruce and William Cogar (Routledge, 2014) p297
- ^
Richard Middleton and Anne Lombard,
Colonial America: A History to 1763
(John Wiley & Sons, 2011)
- ^
"History of Microsurery", by Yoshikazu Ikuta, in
Telemicrosurgery: Robot Assisted Microsurgery
(Springer, 2012) p5
- ^
Steven G. Friedman, MD,
A History of Vascular Surgery
(John Wiley & Sons, 2008) p ix
- ^
"Eddystone Lighthouse"
.
Trinity House
. Archived from
the original
on September 9, 2006
. Retrieved
September 6,
2006
.
- ^
"Fires, Great", in
The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance
, Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p53
- ^
Royal Observatory Greenwich souvenir guide
. 2012. pp. 34?35.
ISBN
978-1-906367-51-0
.
the first precision watch and considered by many today as the most important timekeeper ever.
- ^
"Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew"
.
World Heritage
.
UNESCO
. Archived from
the original
on August 17, 2010
. Retrieved
July 4,
2010
.
- ^
"Robert Burns (1759-1796)"
.
National Records of Scotland
. May 31, 2013
. Retrieved
January 27,
2023
.
- ^
"Mary Wollstonecraft | Biography, Works, & Facts"
.
Encyclopedia Britannica
. Retrieved
April 10,
2019
.
- ^
"History of William Pitt 'The Younger' - GOV.UK"
.
www.gov.uk
. Retrieved
July 1,
2023
.