??????? ??????

??????? ??????
??????? ??????
?????? ??	?????? ?????
???????? ??????	?????
????	?????
?????	Sh?wa era
?????? ???	Reiwa era
????????	????????
??????? ??????????	?? ??????? ?????? ????
??????? ??????????	??? ?????? ????
	?? ????????? ????????? ???????????? ???

??????? ?????? (?? ???????? : Heisei period ) ????????? ???????? ???? ??? ? ??? ?????. ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ^[?] ?? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ??????????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ^[?] ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ???. ^[?]

?????????? [ ???????? ]

^ Nussbaum, Louis-Frederic . (2002). " Heisei " in Japan Encyclopedia , p. 306.
^ BBC NEWS. (2017). Japan's Emperor Akihito to abdicate in April 2019
^ Nussbaum, "Akihito" at p. 19.

??? ????? ????? ????????? . ???????? ?? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ?????.

[nussbaum306-1] Nussbaum, Louis-Frederic . (2002). " Heisei " in Japan Encyclopedia , p. 306.

[2] BBC NEWS. (2017). Japan's Emperor Akihito to abdicate in April 2019

[3] Nussbaum, "Akihito" at p. 19.

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