???? ?? ??? ?????

???? ?? ??? ?????
( ????????? : Claude-Henri de Rouvroy de Saint-Simon )?
??????? ?????
???????	17 ?????? 1760 ; ?????
??????	19 ???? 1825 (64 ???) ; ?????
???? ?????	????? ??? ?????
??????	?????
?????? ???????
???????? ?????????	????? ????
??????	?????? ? ???????? ? ????? ? ????? ? ????? ? ????? ?????? ? ?????? ???? ? ?????? ? ????? ???? ? ??????
????? ????	????????
??????	????????
??????	???????? ??????
	????? ????? - ?????

?????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ( ????????? : Claude Henri de Rouvroy, comte de Saint-Simon )?? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? 1760? ? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????????? . ????? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ???????? ? ???? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ??:

???? ????????.
???? ?????.
???? ???????.

????? ????? ?? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ??????????.

?? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????. ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? . ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ( ???????? ???????).

???? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ? ???????? ???????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? .

???? ????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ( ??? ???????? ) ???? ??? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ???????. ???? ?? ????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? .

????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? . ???? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ????????? ?? ??????? ? ????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???????. ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????. ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ≪????? ??????≫ ???????????.

???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ??? ? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ^[2]

???? ??? ?????? ?? 19 ???? /???? ??? 1825? . ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? .

?????? [ ??? ]

?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ????? ?? ??? 1817 ?????? ???? ≪????? ???????≫ ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ≪???????≫. ????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ???? ??????? ^[3] ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ?????????? ????? ???????? ????????? ??????????? ??????? ????????? ??????. ^[4]

??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????. ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. ^[3]

????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????: ?? ??????? ???? ≪????? ??????? ???????≫ ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. ^[4] ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????. ^[5]

??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ?? ???????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? (?? ??? ???????)? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????. ^[6] ??? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??????? ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ???????. ^[7]

????? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ≪??? ???? ??????≫. ???? ??? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ???????? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????? ????: ≪?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ???≫. ^[8]

?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??????. ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ????. ^[4]

??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?? ≪??????????? ??????????≫? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ????????? (?????????? ????????) ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ?????. ^[4]

????????? ????????????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ????????????? ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ???????? . ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ??????. ?? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ???????. ???? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ≪???????? ???????≫. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ????.

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ≪???????? ???????≫? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????????. ??? ??? ????? ??? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????????? ?????????????? . ??? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????: ≪??? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??????≫? ^[9] ??? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ???????.

?????? [ ??? ]

???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ?? ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ^[10] ????? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ??? ???????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?????. ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ≪???????≫ ????? ????? ?? ??? 1826. ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ??? 1828? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????.

?????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? 1828? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ≪????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????≫ ?? ???? ????? ?? ????????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ????? ??? 1830 ???? ????? ?????????? ??????????? ??????? ???? ??????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????.

????? ??????? ??????? ??????????? ???????? ????? ??????? (1803-1844) ?? ???? ??????????? ????? ???? ≪???? ?? ???? ??????≫ ????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ???. ^[11]

??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ≪ ???????? ≫ ??????? ?????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ???????? ?????? ???????.

?????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????:

????? ??? ???? ???? ??? ??????? (1803).
??????? (1816-1817).
??????? (1819).
?????? (1819-1820).
?? ?????? ??????? (1822).
??????? ??????? ????????? (1823-1824).
???????? ??????? (1825).
????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? (47 ????- ?????- 1865- 1878).

????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? Encyclopædia Britannica Online (??????????)
???? ?? ??? ????? ??? ???? NNDB people (??????????)

????? [ ??? ]

^ Charles Dudley Warner , ed. (1897), Library of the World's Best Literature (???????????), QID : Q19098835
^ . ??????? ????????? - ????? ??? ?????? - ????? 1977? - ???? 281.
^ ^? ^? Keith Taylor (ed, tr.). Henri de Saint Simon, 1760-1825: Selected writings on science, industry and social organization . New York, USA: Holmes and Meier Publishers, Inc, 1975. pp. 158?161.
^ ^? ^? ^? ^? Alan Ryan. On Politics . Book II. 2012. pp. 647?651.
^ Karabell? Zachary (2003). Parting the desert: the creation of the Suez Canal . Alfred A. Knopf. ?. 26. ISBN : 0-375-40883-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.
^ Newman, Michael . (2005) Socialism: A Very Short Introduction , Oxford University Press, ( ???? 0-19-280431-6 )
^ Murray E. G. Smith. Early Modern Social Theory: Selected Interpretive Readings . Toronto, Canada: Canadian Scholars Press, Inc, 1998. p. 80.
^ Murray E. G. Smith. Early Modern Social Theory: Selected Interpretive Readings . Toronto, Canada: Canadian Scholars Press, Inc, 1998. pp. 80?81.
^ Saint-Simon (1825). Nouveau christianisme (New Christianity) . Paris, France.
^ Karabell? Zachary (2003). Parting the desert: the creation of the Suez Canal . Alfred A. Knopf. ?. 27. ISBN : 0-375-40883-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.
^ Karabell? Zachary (2003). Parting the desert: the creation of the Suez Canal . Alfred A. Knopf. ?. 29. ISBN : 0-375-40883-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ???? ?? ??? ?????

[wikidata-17719537c93d3b75709dc5a408afd9a5d3cd7899-1] Charles Dudley Warner , ed. (1897), Library of the World's Best Literature (???????????), QID : Q19098835

[2] . ??????? ????????? - ????? ??? ?????? - ????? 1977? - ???? 281.

[Keith_Taylor_1975._Pp._158-161-3] ? ^? Keith Taylor (ed, tr.). Henri de Saint Simon, 1760-1825: Selected writings on science, industry and social organization . New York, USA: Holmes and Meier Publishers, Inc, 1975. pp. 158?161.

[Alan_Ryan_Pp_647-651-4] ? ^? ^? ^? Alan Ryan. On Politics . Book II. 2012. pp. 647?651.

[kara26-5] Karabell? Zachary (2003). Parting the desert: the creation of the Suez Canal . Alfred A. Knopf. ?. 26. ISBN : 0-375-40883-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.

[SocialismAVeryShortIntroduction-6] Newman, Michael . (2005) Socialism: A Very Short Introduction , Oxford University Press, ( ???? 0-19-280431-6 )

[ReferenceA-7] Murray E. G. Smith. Early Modern Social Theory: Selected Interpretive Readings . Toronto, Canada: Canadian Scholars Press, Inc, 1998. p. 80.

[8] Murray E. G. Smith. Early Modern Social Theory: Selected Interpretive Readings . Toronto, Canada: Canadian Scholars Press, Inc, 1998. pp. 80?81.

[NC-9] Saint-Simon (1825). Nouveau christianisme (New Christianity) . Paris, France.

[10] Karabell? Zachary (2003). Parting the desert: the creation of the Suez Canal . Alfred A. Knopf. ?. 27. ISBN : 0-375-40883-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.

[11] Karabell? Zachary (2003). Parting the desert: the creation of the Suez Canal . Alfred A. Knopf. ?. 29. ISBN : 0-375-40883-5 . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-12-17.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]