???? ??? ???? ???????

?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
  ?????? ????? ???? ???? (?????) .
???? ??? ???? ???????
???? ????????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ??? ??? 1896 ???? 2018
???????
16 ?????? 1885 ? ??? 139 ???  ( 1885-02-16 ) (as DJA) [1]
26 ???? 1896  ( 1896-05-26 ) (as DJIA) [2]
?????
Large cap
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???
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30
???? ?????
?????? ??????
?????? ???????
$ 7.5 ???????(?????? 2018) [3]
ISO 6166
US2605661048 عدل القيمة على Wikidata

????? - ????? ????? - ????? ???? ?????? حول القالب

???? ??? ???? ??????? ( ??????????? : Dow Jones Industrial Average )? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?? ???? ( ??????????? : DJIA )? ?? ???? ??? - ?? ???? ????? ????? 30 ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? . ???? ???? ??? ???? ?? 26 ???? 1896 . ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?? ??????? ??? ???? 12 ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ??? 30 ???? ?? ??? 1928 . ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ????? . [4] [5] [6]

????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ????? ???? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? 1929 ??? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? 50% ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ??? ?????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??? 20 ???. ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? 1987 ??? ??? 22% ?? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 2001 ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ?????? 2007 ??? ????? 14000 ????.

?? ????? ??? 2008 ??? ?????? ???? ?? 20% ??? ??? ????? 12000 ???? ???? ???? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ????? 13000 ???? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? 2006 ???? ??? ????? 11000 ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? 2008 ??? ?????? ???? ????? 32% ??? ????? 9000 ???? ?? ??? 2008 ???? ????? ????? ?? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ?? ????? 7550 ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ??? ????.

?? 25 ????? 2017 ????? ?????? ???? ??? 20 ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ???????. [7] ?????? ????? 22 ??? ???? ?? 3 ????? ?? ??? ?????. [8]

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? 30 ????? ???? ?? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ????? ????.??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?? 31 ????? 2020 ????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ????????? . [9] [10]

?????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????? ???????
??? ?? ??????? MMM ?????? ?????? 1976-08-09
??????? ??????? ??????? AXP ????? ????? 1982-08-30
???? ?????? AMGN ????? ????? 2020-08-31
??? ?????? AAPL ????? ????????? 2015-03-19
????? ??????? BA ????? ???????? ??????? ??????? 1987-03-12
???????? ??????? CAT ?????? ???????? 1991-05-06
?????? ??????? CVX ????? ????? 2008-02-19
????? ?????? ?????? CSCO ????? ????????? 2009-06-08
???? ???? ??????? KO ??????? ????? 1987-03-12
??? ??????? DOW ?????? ???????? 2019-04-02
??????? ???? ??????? GS ????? ????? 2013-09-20
??? ???? ??????? HD ????? ???????? 1999-11-01
??????? ?????? HON ?????? ?????? 2020-08-31
?? ?? ?? ??????? IBM ????? ????????? 1979-06-29
???? ?????? INTC ?????????? 1999-11-01
?????? ??? ?????? ??????? JNJ ????? ?????? 1997-03-17
?? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? JPM ????? ????? 1991-05-06
?????????? ??????? MCD ????? ????? ????? 1985-10-30
???? ??? ?? ??????? MRK ????? ?????? 1979-06-29
?????????? ?????? MSFT ????? ????????? 1999-11-01
????? ??????? NKE ????? ??????? 2013-09-20
?????? ?????? ??????? PG ?????? ?????? 1932-05-26
???? ???? ??????? CRM ????? ????????? 2020-08-31
??????? ??????? TRV ??????? 2009-06-08
??????? ???? ???? ??????? UNH ????? ??????? ?????? 2012-09-24
???????? ????????? ??????? VZ ????????? 2004-04-08
???? ??????? V ????? ????? 2013-09-20
??????? ???? ?????? ?????? WBA ????? ???????? 2018-06-26
??? ???? ??????? WMT ????? ???????? 1997-03-17
???? ????? ??????? DIS ????? ?????? 1991-05-06

??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? 2018? [11] ???? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ????. ????? ??? ???? ????????? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??? 1991 ???? ??? ????? ?? ????? 2020:

??? ????????? [ ??? ]

???? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? .

???????? ???????? ?????????? ?? ??????? [ ??? ]

???? ?? ???? (??????) ?????? ???????? (??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??????? ) - ???? ?????? ???????? - ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ????? ???????? ????????? ?? ??????? (ETF) ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? . [36] ??? ???? ???? ??????? (ProShares) ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????.

?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

?? ??? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? ?? ?? (CME) ?? ???? ??????? ??????? (??? ????? ?????? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????) ?????? ?????? ??????? E-mini Dow (5 ???????) ?????? (YM)? ????? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ???????. ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? (Globex) ?????? ?????? ?????? ????????.

???? ???????? [ ??? ]

???? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? (CBOE) ???? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??? DJX. ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???????. [37]

????? [ ??? ]

???????? ??????? [ ??? ]

??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? 26 ???? 1896? ???? ????? ?? ????? 12 ???? ????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ???: ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????. ????? ????:

  • ???? ???? ????? ????????? (American Cotton Oil Company)? ????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???????? ??? ???? ???? (Hellmann's and Best Foods)? ??? ???? ??? ?? ???????? . [38]
  • ????? ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ???? (Domino Sugar) ?? ??? 1900? ????? ????? ?????? ???? . [38]
  • ???? ????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ??? 1911 ?? ????? ??????? ????????.
  • ???? ?????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? Peoples Gas Light ?? ??? 1897? ???? ???? ????? ??????? Integrys Energy Group ???? ????? ???????? ??? ??? 2014. [38]
  • ???? Distilling & Cattle Feeding Company? ???? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ?? ???? LyondellBasell. [38] [39]
  • ????? ??????? ? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? 2018. [38]
  • ??? ????? ???? Laclede Gas Company? ???? ?? ???? ???? ??? ??? Spire Inc? ?? ?????? ?? 1899. [38]
  • ??? ????? ???? National Lead Company? ???????? ???? ???? NL Industries? ?? ?????? ?? 1916. [38]
  • ???? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ?? ??? 1946. [38]
  • ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ???? ?? ???????? ?????? ??????? ? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? 1907? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ?? ??? 1991. [38]
  • ???? ?????? ????????? ? ?? ???? ?? ??? 1952. [38]
  • ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?????? (United States Rubber Company) ????? ??? ????????? (Uniroyal) ?? ??? 1961? ??????? ?? Goodrich Corporation ?????? ?? ??? 1986? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? 1990. [38] (??? ???? ???? Goodrich ?????? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? United Technologies ?? ??? 2012 ?????? ????? ?? UTC Aerospace Systems ? ???? Collins Aerospace ? ??? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????? .

???????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ????? ???? ?? 1896 ??? 2018

????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?? 62.76 ????. ??? ??? 1890 ??? ??? 78.38 ????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??? 28.48 ?? ??? 1896 ???? ?? ???? ???? 1896. ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ?? 1901 ?1907 . ??? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? 100 ???? ?? ??? 1906. [40]

?? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? 1910-11 ????? ?????????? ??? 30 ????? 1914 ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? 71.42 ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ????. ?????? ????????? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ????????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????. ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?? 12 ?????? 1914? ???? ?????? ??? 74.56 ????. [41] ??? ????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ??????? ??? ???? 8.26%? ?? 99.05 ?? ????? ??? 1910 ??? 107.23 ?? ????? 1919. [42]

??? ?????????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ??? ??? 1920 ??? ????? 1929 ????? ????? ?? 73 ??? 381 ????. [43] ?? ??? 1928? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? 30 ???? ?????? ????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ?????????? ??????? . ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ???? 1920-21 ???? ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?????????? ???? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ??????? . ??? ???? ?????? 381.17 ?? 3 ?????? 1929? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? 13 ?????? 1929 ????? ?????? ??? ????? 198.69. [44] ?? ??? ?????? ??? ????? 1929 ??? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? 131.7? ? ?? 107.23 ??? 248.48 ???? ?? ????? ??? 1929. [43] ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ‘??? ?????? ?? 3 ?????? 1929 ?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? 1954.

??????????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ??????????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ???????? ??????? . ??? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ??????? ????????? 1936-1939? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? 1935-1936? ?????? ???????? ????????? ????????? ??? 1939 ? ?????? ??????? ????????? ??????? ??? 1937. ??? ???? ???????? ???????? ???? ?????? ???? 1937-1938? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ???????? ?????????. ???? ???? ???? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????????? ?? 15 ???? 1933? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? 15.34? ????? ??? 62.10. ????? ????? ???? ?????? ??????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ??????????? ?????????? ????? ???????? ?? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? 248.48 ???? ?? ????? ??? 1930? ??? ????? ????? ??? 150.24 ???? ?? ????? ??? 1939? ?????? ????? 40?. [45]

??????????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ???? ???????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ?? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ?????????? ??? ????? ????? 39? ?? ???? ??? ???? ?? ????? ????? 148 ??? 206. ???? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ????????? ??? 1949 (???? ????? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ???????) ????????? ???????? ????????.

?????????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ????. ??? ??? ????? ????? 200? ?? ??????? ?? ????? 206 ??? 616 ??? ???? ?????.

????????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ???? ????????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????? ????? 1962? ??? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??. ????? ?????? ?? ?????? 1961 ???? ????? 1962? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? 500 ???? 22%. [46] [47] ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? 30? ?? ??????? 616 ??? ??????? 800.

?????????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ??? ????? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ?? ?????????? ????? ??????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ??????? ????? ???? ? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ???????? ??????? ???????. ??? ???? ?? 14 ?????? 1972? ???? ??????? ??? 1,003.16? ??? ????? 1,000 ????? ??????. [40] ??? ????? 1973 ???????? ??? ??????? 48? ?? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? 1973-74 ? ????? ??? 577.60 ?? 4 ?????? 1974. ?? ??? 1976? ??? ?????? ??? 1000 ??? ???? ????? ????? ??? 1004.75. ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 1975? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ????????? ?? ??? 1979. ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?? 5? ?? ????? 800 ??? 838.

??????????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????????? ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????????. ?? ????? ??? 1981? ????? ?????? 1000 ??? ????? ???? ????? ??? ???. ??? ??????? ??? 2000 ?? ????? 1987? [40] ??? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ? 19 ?????? 1987? ????? ????? ??????? ????? 22.61?. ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??????.

?? 13 ?????? 1989? ??? ???????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ? ??? ????? ?? ???? ?? 7? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ????. [48]

???? ???????????? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? 228? ?? 838 ??? 2753 ????? ??? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ? ?????? ????????? ?? ????? ???????????? ???? ????? ?? ??????????? ? ????? ????? ?????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ???????? ????????. ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???????????: ?? 1981 ?1984.

?????????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??? ????? ???. ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????? ??? 1990 ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ?????????? ?????? ???????? ???? ??? ????????? ?????? . [ ????? ????? ] ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ????????? ??? 1991 ???? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? 1989 ? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ? ???? ?????? ? ??????? ???????????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????????? ?≪?????? ???????≫ (??? ????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ???????? ) ???? ????? ??? ????? ???????? . [ ????? ????? ] ??? ????? ??? 1992 ?????? ??? 1993? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ??????? 3000 ?????? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ???? ??????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????????? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??????????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????.

????? ???? ??? ???? ?? 2753 ??? 8000 ??? ????? 1990 ??? ????? 1997. [40] ?? ?????? 1997 ????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??? 1997 ?? ????? 554 ???? ????? ?????? ??? 7161.15. ????? ??????? ????? 7.18? ???? ???? ???? ???? ?????? 27 ?????? 1997 ?????? .

??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???????? 9000 ???? ??? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? 1998 ????? ??? ??? ?? ????????? ??????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ????? ????? ??? 1998 ???? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? . [49]

?? 29 ???? 1999? ???? ??????? ??? 1006.78? ??? ??? ????? ?? ??? 10000. ??? ??? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ?????? ???????. [50] ????? ?????? ??????? ????? 315?? ?? ????? 2753 ??? 11497? ??? ?? ????? 12.3? ??????.

??? ????? ???? ???? ??? ???? 5.3? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ≪??? ????≫. ????? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??? ????? 2,000,000 ????? ?????? 2099. [51] [52]

????? ????? ?? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

????? ???? ??? ???? ????? 14.3? ??? ????? 11 ?????? . ?? ????? ????????? ?? 12 ?????? ??? 16 ?????? 2001.

?? 17 ?????? 2001? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? 11 ?????? ? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? 7.1?. ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? 10.000 ???? ???? ?????. ?? ??? 2002? ????? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?? ?? 4 ????? ??? 7286 ?? 24 ?????? 2002? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ??? 2002 ?????????? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ??? . ???? ???? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? 75? ??????? ?????? ???? ?? ??? ?? 500 ????? 50? ??????? ??? ???? 2000 ? 2002? ????? ???? ??? ???? ????? 27? ??? ???? ??? ??????. ?? ??? 2003? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??? ???????? ??? ????? 7000 ??? 9000 ???? ?????? ??? ????? 10.000 ????? ????? ?????. [53]

????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? 14198.10 ?? 11 ?????? 2007? ??? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? 2013. [54] ?? ??? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? 2007-2008 .

?? 15 ?????? 2008? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ????????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? 150 ??????? ??????? ??? ?????. ??? ???? ??? ???? ???? ?? 500 ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? 11000. [55] [56] ????? ?? ??? ??????? ? ??? ?? ??? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ???? 2008 ????? ?????? ????? ????????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????? ? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ???? ????? ?? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ????? (???? ?? ??? ????) ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ?? 12 ????? ?? 6547.05 ?? 9 ???? 2009? [57] ???? ????? ??? ????? 1997. ??? ???? ??? ???? 20? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???.

??? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2009? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? 10000 ??? ????? ??? ???? 2008 ?????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ?? 2007-2008 ? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?? ???????. ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ?? ????? ????? ?? 11497 ??? 10428? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ?? 9?. [58]

????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

A graph that illustrates a trading range from the mid-7,000 level to the 14,000 level aside from a low in the mid-6,000 level in early 2009. The average traded at or near the 10,000 range for most of the 2000s decade.
???? ??? ?? ????? 2000 ??? ?????? 2015

???? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2010? ??????? ??????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ????????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ? ??? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????. ??? ??? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? ???? 2010? ????? ???? ??? ???????? ???? 2009 ? ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??????? ???? 2011 . [ ????? ????? ]

?? 6 ???? 2010? ??? ???? ??? ???? 9.2? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? 2010 Flash Crash ? ????? ????? ???? ??????? ??????????. [59]

??? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? 2007? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? 5 ???? 2013. [60] ?????? ?? ???????? ???? ??????? ??????? ??????? ??? 17000 ???? ??? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? 2015?16 ?? ????? ?????? ?? ??? 2015. [61] ?? ????? ??? ???? ?? ????? ??? 2016 ?????? 25000 ???? ?? 4 ????? 2018. [62]

??? ????? ?? ????? ?????-19 ? ???? ???? ??? ???? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ????? ??? 29551.42 ?? 12 ?????? 2020 (29568.57 ?? ??? ?????). ????? ?????? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? [63] (???????? [64] ) ??? ?? ??? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???????? ???? ????? [65] ??? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? 2008 ????? ?????? ??????? . ????? ???? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? 15 ?????. [66] ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? 2020? ????? ?????? ????? 23?? ??? ???? ??? ?? ??? ??? 1987. [67] ????? ????? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? 28837.52 ?? 12 ?????? 2020? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? 29675.25 ?? 9 ?????? 2020? ?? ?????? 14:00 ???????? ??????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????. [68] [69]

???? ???? ??? ?? 31 ?????? 2020 ??? ??? ????? 30606.48. [70] [71]

?????? ?????? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??? ???? ??????? (????) ??? ??? 1885: [72] [73]

????? ????? ???? ????
????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????
1885 39.29 10.83 38.05
1886 41.03 1.74 4.43
1887 37.58 ?3.45 ?8.41
1888 39.39 1.81 4.82
1889 41.56 2.17 5.51
1890 35.68 ?5.88 ?14.15
1891 41.97 6.29 17.63
1892 39.21 ?2.76 6.58
1893 29.57 ?9.64 ?24.59
1894 29.40 ?0.17 ?0.57
1895 30.07 0.67 2.28
1896 29.56 ?0.51 ?1.70
1897 36.07 6.51 22.02
1898 44.18 8.11 22.48
1899 48.24 4.06 9.19
1900 51.62 3.38 7.01
1901 47.13 ?4.49 ?8.70
1902 46.93 ?0.20 ?0.42
1903 35.85 ?11.08 ?23.61
1904 50.82 14.97 41.76
1905 70.23 19.41 38.19
1906 68.88 ?1.35 ?1.92
1907 42.89 ?25.99 ?37.73
1908 62.89 20.00 46.63
1909 72.31 9.42 14.98
1910 59.40 ?12.91 ?17.85
1911 59.63 0.23 0.39
1912 64.15 4.52 7.58
1913 57.51 ?6.64 ?10.35
1914 54.58 ?2.93 ?5.09
1915 99.15 44.57 81.66
1916 95.00 ?4.15 ?4.19
1917 74.38 ?20.62 ?21.71
1918 82.20 7.82 10.51
1919 107.23 25.03 30.45
1920 71.95 ?35.28 ?32.90
1921 81.10 9.15 12.72
1922 98.73 17.63 21.74
1923 95.52 ?3.21 ?3.25
1924 120.51 24.99 26.16
1925 156.66 36.15 30.00
1926 157.20 0.54 0.34
1927 202.40 45.20 28.75
1928 300.00 97.60 48.22
1929 248.48 ?51.52 ?17.17
1930 164.58 ?83.90 ?33.77
1931 77.90 ?86.68 ?52.67
1932 59.93 ?17.97 ?23.07
1933 99.90 39.97 66.69
1934 104.04 4.14 4.14
1935 144.13 40.09 38.53
1936 179.90 35.77 24.82
1937 120.85 ?59.05 ?32.82
1938 154.76 33.91 28.06
1939 150.24 ?4.52 ?2.92
1940 131.13 ?19.11 ?12.72
1941 110.96 ?20.17 ?15.38
1942 119.40 8.44 7.61
1943 135.89 16.49 13.81
1944 152.32 16.43 12.09
1945 192.91 40.59 26.65
1946 177.20 ?15.71 ?8.14
1947 181.16 3.96 2.23
1948 177.30 ?3.86 ?2.13
1949 200.13 22.83 12.88
1950 235.41 35.28 17.63
1951 269.23 33.82 14.37
1952 291.90 22.67 8.42
1953 280.90 ?11.00 ?3.77
1954 404.39 123.49 43.96
1955 488.40 84.01 20.77
1956 499.47 11.07 2.27
1957 435.69 ?63.78 ?12.77
1958 583.65 147.96 33.96
1959 679.36 95.71 16.40
1960 615.89 ?63.47 ?9.34
1961 731.14 115.25 18.71
1962 652.10 ?79.04 ?10.81
1963 762.95 110.85 17.00
1964 874.13 111.18 14.57
1965 969.26 95.13 10.88
1966 785.69 ?183.57 ?18.94
1967 905.11 119.42 15.20
1968 943.75 38.64 4.27
1969 800.36 ?143.39 ?15.19
1970 838.92 38.56 4.82
1971 890.20 51.28 6.11
1972 1,020.02 129.82 14.58
1973 850.86 ?169.16 ?16.58
1974 616.24 ?234.62 ?27.57
1975 852.41 236.17 38.32
1976 1,004.65 152.24 17.86
1977 831.17 ?173.48 ?17.27
1978 805.01 ?26.16 ?3.15
1979 838.74 33.73 4.19
1980 963.99 125.25 14.93
1981 875.00 ?88.99 ?9.23
1982 1,046.54 171.54 19.60
1983 1,258.64 212.10 20.27
1984 1,211.57 ?47.07 ?3.74
1985 1,546.67 335.10 27.66
1986 1,895.95 349.28 22.58
1987 1,938.83 42.88 2.26
1988 2,168.57 229.74 11.85
1989 2,753.20 584.63 26.96
1990 2,633.66 ?119.54 ?4.34
1991 3,168.83 535.17 20.32
1992 3,301.11 132.28 4.17
1993 3,754.09 452.98 13.72
1994 3,834.44 80.35 2.14
1995 5,117.12 1,282.68 33.45
1996 6,448.27 1,331.15 26.01
1997 7,908.25 1,459.98 22.64
1998 9,181.43 1,273.18 16.10
1999 11,497.12 2,315.69 25.22
2000 10,786.85 ?710.27 ?6.18
2001 10,021.50 ?765.35 ?7.10
2002 8,341.63 ?1,679.87 ?16.76
2003 10,453.92 2,112.29 25.32
2004 10,783.01 329.09 3.15
2005 10,717.50 ?65.51 ?0.61
2006 12,463.15 1,745.65 16.29
2007 13,264.82 801.67 6.43
2008 8,776.39 ?4,488.43 ?33.84
2009 10,428.05 1,651.66 18.82
2010 11,577.51 1,149.46 11.02
2011 12,217.56 640.05 5.53
2012 13,104.14 886.58 7.26
2013 16,576.66 3,472.52 26.50
2014 17,823.07 1,246.41 7.52
2015 17,425.03 ?398.04 ?2.23
2016 19,762.60 2,337.57 13.42
2017 24,719.22 4,956.62 25.08
2018 23,327.46 ?1,391.76 ?5.63
2019 28,538.44 5,210.98 22.34
2020 30,606.48 2,068.04 7.25

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?????? ?? ≪ https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=????_???_????_???????&oldid=65409146 ≫