????? ???? ???????

?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
??? ?? ????? ??
????? ????????
????? ????? ????????

???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??????. ????? ??????? ?????? ? ??? ??? ????????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????????. [1] ??? ???? ???????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ????? . ?????? ???????? ?????????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????. ?????? ???????? ?????? ( ?????? ????????? )? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ≪???? ?????????≫. ????? ????? ??? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ??????? ????????? ? ???? ????? ??? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???????? ??????? .

??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ????????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ???????. ?????????? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ??????? ?????????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ?????? ????? ?????. ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????? . [2]

????? ??? ??????? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???? ????? ?????? ????????? ?? ??????? ????? ????? ????????.

??? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ???????
???????
???????
?????? ?????????
?????? ?????????
?????? ????????
??????????
??????? ????????

???????? ??????? (1821?1823) [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ???????????? ????????? ??????

?????? ????? ??????? ??? ????? [ ??? ]

??? ?????? ??? ????????? ????????? ? ?? ????? ???? ????? ???? ????? ?? 34 ?????. ???? ?????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ????? ?? ??? ?????.

?????? [3] ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????
??????? ?? ???????? 28 ????? (??????)? 1821 11 ????? (?????)? 1822
???? ???????? 28 ????? (??????)? 1821 8 ????? ????? (??????)? 1821 ???? ???? ?????.
??????? ????? ???????? 8 ????? ????? (??????)? 1821 11 ????? (?????)? 1822
?????? ?? ?? ??????? 28 ????? (??????)? 1821 11 ????? (?????)? 1822
????? ?????? ????? 28 ????? (??????)? 1821 11 ????? (?????)? 1822
?????? ????????? ?? ???? 28 ????? (??????)? 1821 11 ????? (?????)? 1822

?????? ?????? ??????? ??? ????? [ ??? ]

?????? [3] ??? ????? ?????? ????? ???????
??????? ?? ???????? 11 ????? (?????)? 1822 18 ???? (????)? 1822
????? ?????? ????? 11 ????? (?????)? 1822 18 ???? (????)? 1822
????? ???????? 11 ????? (?????)? 1822 18 ???? (????)? 1822
?????? ?? ????? 11 ????? (?????)? 1822 18 ???? (????)? 1822
??????? ????? 11 ????? (?????)? 1822 18 ???? (????)? 1822

??????? I [ ??? ]

?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????
??????? ?? ????????
(1783?1824) 		19 ???? (????)? 1822 19 ???? (????)? 1823 ??? ?????
(1786?1861)

??????? ??????? (1823?1824) [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ??????? ??????? ?? ??????? (1823?24)

??????? ??????? ?? ??????? (1823-1824) ???? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ??????? ?? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ?? ???????? ?? ???????????? ????????? ?????? ? ??? 1823. [4] ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????? ???? ????? ?? 1 ????? (?????) 1823 ??? 10 ????? ????? (??????) 1824. [5]

???? ?????? [6] [7] [8] ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????
??????? ????? 31 ???? (????)? 1823 10 ????? ?????? 1824
????????? ???????? 31 ???? (????)? 1823 10 ????? ?????? 1824
????? ????????? ?????? 31 ???? (????)? 1823 10 ????? ?????? 1824
??????? ???????? 31 ???? (????)? 1823 10 ????? ?????? 1824 ??? ????
????? ???????? 31 ???? (????)? 1823 10 ????? ?????? 1824 ??? ????
?????? ?????? 31 ???? (????)? 1823 10 ????? ?????? 1824 ??? ????

????????? ?????????? ?????? (1824?1835) [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ????????? ????????? ??????
???????
?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????
1 ????????? ????????
(1786?1843) 		10 ????? ?????? 1824 31 ???? (????)? 1829 ????? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? 30 ????? ?? ????? ??????? ????????. [9]
2 ?????? ??????
(1782?1831) 		1 ????? (?????)? 1829 17 ????? ????? (??????)? 1829 ????? ????????? ????????? ?????????? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ??????? . [10] [11]
3 ????? ????? ?????????
(1787?1862) 		17 ????? ????? (??????)? 1829 23 ????? ????? (??????)? 1829 ??? ???? ???? ??????
(??? ?? ????? ????????? ) 		?? ?????? ????? ???? ?? ???? ???????? ????? ??? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ??????. [12] [13]
????? ?????
(1787?1848) 		23 ????? ????? (??????)? 1829 31 ????? ????? (??????)? 1829 ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????????? . [14]
4 ????????? ??????????
(1780?1853) 		1 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1830 13 ?? (?????)? 1832 ??? ????????? ????? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ??? ???????? ?? ??????. [15]
5 ?????? ??????
(1790?1844) 		14 ?? (?????)? 1832 24 ????? ????? (??????)? 1832 ??? ???? ???? ??????
(??? ?? ????? ????????? ) 		?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ????? ????. [16] [17] [18]
6 ?????? ????? ???????
(1789?1851) 		24 ????? ????? (??????)? 1832 31 ???? (????)? 1833 ??? ???? ???? ?????????
(??? ?? ????? ????????? ) 		????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ???? ????? ??? 1829? ?? ????? ?? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? 1828. [19] [20]
7 ??????? ????? ??????
(1781?1858) 		1 ????? (?????)? 1833 16 ???? (????)? 1833 ????? ????????? ???? ??????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????? ???????? ??? 1833.
[21] [22] [23]
8 ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		16 ???? (????)? 1833 3 ?????? (?????)? 1833 ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????. ????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ???? ??? 24 ????? (?????) 1834.
[22] [24] [25] [26]
9 ??????? ????? ??????
(1781?1858) 		3 ?????? (?????)? 1833 18 ?????? (?????)? 1833 ????? ?????????
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		18 ?????? (?????)? 1833 5 ???? (?????)? 1833 ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????
??????? ????? ??????
(1781?1858) 		5 ???? (?????)? 1833 27 ????? ????? (??????)? 1833 ????? ?????????
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		27 ????? ????? (??????)? 1833 15 ????? ????? (??????)? 1833 ????? ????????? ??????? ????? ??????
??????? ????? ??????
(1781?1858) 		16 ????? ????? (??????)? 1833 24 ????? (?????)? 1834 ????? ????????? ??? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ????????? ????????. ???? ????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??????. [23] [27]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		24 ????? (?????)? 1834 27 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1835 ????? ????????? ???? ????????? ??????????. ?? 27 ????? ?????? (?????)? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????. [23] [27] [28]
9 ????? ???????
(1789?1836) 		28 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1835 27 ???? (??????)? 1836 ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ????????? . ?? 23 ????? ????? (??????)? ???? ???????? "???? ???????" ???? ???? ????? 1824 ??????? ????????. ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ????????? ??????. [29] [30] [31] [32]

????????? ???????? (1835?1846) [ ??? ]

???????
?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
9 ????? ???????
(1789?1836) 		28 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1835 27 ???? (??????)? 1836 ????? ????????? ??? ????? ???? ?????. ???? ??? ???????? ??????. [29]
10 Jose Justo Corro
(1794?1864) 		27 ???? (??????)? 1836 19 ????? (?????)? 1837 ??? ????????? He was appointed Interim President by Congress to conclude the presidential term.
During his term, he enacted the Seven Laws and
??????? recognized the ??? ????????? ????????? . [33] [34] [35]
????????? ??????????
(1780?1853) 		April 19, 1837 March 18, 1839 ??? ????????? He took office as constitutional elected president.
He was elected in the elections of 1837 for an eight years term. [36] [37]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		March 18, 1839 July 10, 1839 ????? ????????? He was appointed interim president by the Supreme Conservative Power when Bustamante left office to fight federalist rebellions. [24] [38]
11 ??????? ?????
(1786?1854) 		July 11, 1839 July 19, 1839 ??? ????????? He was appointed substitute president when Santa Anna left office. [26] [39] [40]
????????? ??????????
(1780?1853) 		July 19, 1839 September 22, 1841 ??? ????????? He reassumed the presidency. [26] [41]
12 ????????? ?????? ?????????
(1797?1852) 		September 22, 1841 October 10, 1841 ??? ????????? He was appointed interim president when Bustamante left office to fight a rebellion headed by ??????? ??????? (?????) , Santa Anna, and ??????? ??????? .
He resigned after the triumph of the rebellion. [42] [43] [44]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		October 10, 1841 October 26, 1842 ????? ????????? He was appointed provisional president by a Junta de Representantes de los Departamentos (Board of Representatives of the Departments). [45] [46] [47]
??????? ?????
(1786?1854) 		October 26, 1842 March 4, 1843 ??? ????????? He was appointed substitute president by Santa Anna when he left office. [40] [47]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		March 4, 1843 October 4, 1843 ????? ????????? He reassumed the presidency as provisional president. [48]
13 Valentin Canalizo
(1794?1850) 		October 4, 1843 June 4, 1844 ??? ????????? He was appointed interim president by Santa Anna when he left office. [49] [50]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		June 4, 1844 September 12, 1844 ????? ????????? He reassumed the presidency after being elected constitutional president by Congress on January 2, 1844. [51] [52]
14 ????? ?????? ?? ??????
(1792?1854) 		September 12, 1844 September 21, 1844 ????? ????????? He was appointed substitute president by Congress to replace the interim president Valentin Canalizo. [52] [53]
Valentin Canalizo
(1794?1850) 		September 21, 1844 December 6, 1844 ??? ????????? He assumed the presidency as interim president. [54]
????? ?????? ?? ??????
(1792?1854) 		December 6, 1844 December 30, 1845 ????? ????????? He was appointed interim, and after, constitutional president by ???? ???? ???????
after Canalizo was arrested for trying to dissolve the Congress. [53] [55] [56]
15 ??????? ???????
(1797?1849) 		December 31, 1845 July 28, 1846 ??? ????????? He assumed office via a coup against De Herrera.
On June 12, he was appointed interim president. [57] [58]
Vice President     [???? ????] ‏ [58]
??????? ?????
??????? ?????
(1786?1854) 		28 ???? (?????)? 1846 4 ?? (?????)? 1846 ??? ????????? He took office when Paredes left the presidency to fight the ???????? ??????? in the ????? ????????? ????????? .
He was deposed by a federalist rebellion led by Jose Mariano Salas and Valentin Gomez Farias. [59] [41] [60]
16 ????? ??????? ?????
(1797?1867) 		?? (?????)? 5, 1846 December 23, 1846 ??? ????????? He assumed office as provisional president after the triumph of the federalist rebellion (Plan de la Ciudadela).
He put in force the Constitution of 1824 on ?? (?????)? 22. [61] [62] [63]
He served both as last president of the Centralist Republic and first of the Second Federal Republic.

????????? ?????????? ??????? (1846?1863) [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ??????? ??????? ????????? ???????
???????
??????]] ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
16 ????? ??????? ?????
(1797?1867) 		6 ?? (?????)? 1846 23 ????? ????? (??????)? 1846 ??? ????????? After he restored the federalism, he called elections.
Santa Anna won the election and was appointed interim president by Congress and Valentin Gomez Farias as vice president. [61] [64]
??????? ????? ??????
(1781?1858) 		23 ????? ????? (??????)? 1846 21 ???? (????)? 1847 ????? ????????? As vice president, he took office in place of Santa Anna, who was fighting the Americans in the Mexican?American War. [65]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		21 ???? (????)? 1847 2 ????? (?????)? 1847 ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????. [66]
Vice President     [???? ????] ‏
??????? ????? ??????
17 ????? ????? ?? ?????
(1795?1854) 		2 ????? (?????)? 1847 20 ???? (????)? 1847 ????? ????????? Santa Anna left office to fight in the Mexican?American War. Congress abolished the vice presidency and he was appointed as substitute president. [67] [68] [69]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		20 ???? (????)? 1847 15 ????? (??????)? 1847 ????? ????????? He reassumed the presidency when De Anaya left office to fight in the Mexican?American War. [70] [71]
18 ?????? ?? ?? ????? ? ?????
(1789?1850) 		16 ????? (??????)? 1847 13 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1847 ????? ????????? As president of the Supreme Court     [???? ????] ‏, he assumed the presidency after Santa Anna's resignation. [72] [73]
????? ????? ?? ?????
(1795?1854) 		13 ?????? (????)? 1847 8 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1848 ????? ????????? He was appointed interim president by Congress when De la Pena y Pena left office in order to negotiate peace with the United States.
?????? ?? ?? ????? ? ?????
(1789?1850) 		8 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1848 3 ?????? (?????)? 1848 ????? ????????? He reassumed office as provisional president when De Anaya resigned
after refusing to give any land to the United States. [74] During his term, he signed the ?????? ????????? ??????? .
????? ?????? ?? ??????
(1792?1854) 		3 ?????? (?????)? 1848 15 1851 ????? ????????? He was the second president to finish his term and peacefully turned over the presidency to the winner of the Federal Elections of 1850, General Mariano Arista. [75]
19 ??????? ??????
(1802?1855) 		15 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1851 5 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1853 ????? ????????? He resigned on January 5, 1853 when Congress refused to give him extraordinary powers to fight the rebellion of Plan del Hospicio, the goal of which was to bring to Santa Anna once again to the presidency. [76]
20 ???? ???????? ???????
(1811?1859) 		5 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1853 7 ???? (??????)? 1853 ????? ????????? As president of the Supreme Court, he was proposed by President Arista as his successor and confirmed the same day as interim president by Congress. [77]
21 ?????? ????? ?????????
(1802?1853) 		February 8, 1853 April 20, 1853 ??? ????????? (???????) He was appointed provisional president by Congress when Ceballos resigned because of the rebellion of Plan del Hospicio. [78]
??????? ????? ?? ????? ???
(1794?1876) 		20 ????? (?????)? 1853 9 ?? (?????)? 1855 ????? ????????? He swore as President but ruled as dictator.
He called himself "Su Alteza Serenisima" (Serene Highness). [79] [80]
From this period, the only lasting thing is the ???? ??????? ?????? . [35] [81]
22 ????? ??????
(1806?1871) 		9 ?? (?????)? 1855 12 ????? (??????)? 1855 ??? ????????? He was appointed interim president after the triumph of the Plan of Ayutla
but he took office until August 15. [81] [82]
23 ?????? ???? ?? ?? ????
(1800?1877) 		12 ????? (??????)? 1855 4 ????? ????? (??????)? 1855 ??? ????????? (???????) He served as ??? ????? ?????? president after Carrera's resignation. [83] [84]
24 ???? ??????? ???????
(1790?1867) 		4 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1855 11 ????? ????? (??????)? 1855 ????? ????????? He was appointed interim president by a council integrated with one representative of each state after the triumph of the Revolution of Ayutla. [53] [85]
25 Ignacio Comonfort
(1812?1863) 		11 ????? ????? (??????)? 1855 17 ????? ????? (??????)? 1857 ????? ????????? He was appointed interim president by Juan Alvarez when he resigned.
He assumed as constitutional president on December 1, 1857. [86] [87]
26 ?????? ??????
(1806?1872) 		18 ????? ????? (??????)? 1857 18 ???? (?????) 1872 ????? ????????? As president of the Supreme Court     [???? ????] ‏, he became interim president after the self-coup of Ignacio Comonfort against the Constitution of 1857     [???? ????] ‏. He was arrested and freed by Comonfort. He established a liberal constitutional government on January 18, 1858.
The struggle between the Liberal and Conservative forces is known as ??? ??????? . [88]

??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ??? ??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ??? ???????
?????? ??? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
??????? ????????
(1812?1863) 		17 ????? ????? (??????)? 1857 21 ????? ????? (??????)? 1858 ????? ????????? ??? ????? ??? ???????? ? ???? ???????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????. [89] [90]
?????? ????? ???????
(1813?1898) 		11 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1858 24 ????? ????? (??????)? 1858 ??? ????????? ??? ????? ?????????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????????. [91]
Manuel Robles Pezuela
(1817?1862) 		24 ????? ??? (??????)? 1858 23 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1859 ??? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ????????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? . [92] [93]
?????? ????? ???????
(1813?1898) 		24 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1859 1 ???? (??????)? 1859 ??? ????????? ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ??????? . [92] [94]
????? ???????
(1831?1867) 		2 ???? (??????)? 1859 13 ?? (?????)? 186 ??? ????????? He assumed the conservative presidency as substitute when Zuloaga left office. [95]
????? ??????? ?????
(1791?1866) 		13 ?? (?????)? 1860 15 ?? (?????)? 1860 ??? ????????? As president of the Supreme Court of the conservative government,
he took office for two days when Miramon left office. [96]
Miguel Miramon
(1831?1867) 		15 ?? (?????)? 1860 24 ????? ????? (??????)? 1860 ??? ????????? He took office as interim president of the conservative government after he was elected
by a group of "Representatives of the States" who supported the conservatives.
He was defeated at the Battle of Calpulalpan, resigned the presidency and fled the country. [97]
?????? ????? ???????
(1813?1898) 		23 ???? (????)? 1860 28 ????? ????? (??????)? 1862 ??? ????????? Despite having been defeated, the conservatives appointed Zuloaga as president until December 28, when they recognized the Regency who was seeking to reestablish the Mexican Empire. [98]

???????????? ????????? ??????? (1863?1867) [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ???????????? ????????? ???????

??????? ??? ????? [ ??? ]

?? 22 ?????? (?????) 1863? ?? ????? ≪???? ??? ????≫. ?? 11 ???? (?????) ???? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ????????????. [99] [100]

Regent ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
???? ??????????? ??????? 11 ???? (?????)? 1863 10 ????? (?????)? 1864 ??? ?????????
????? ??????? ????? 11 ???? (?????)? 1863 10 ????? (?????)? 1864 ??? ?????????
??????? ?? ????????? ?? ??????? 19 ????? ????? (??????)? 1863 10 ????? (?????)? 1864 ??? ?????????

??????????? I [ ??? ]

?????????? ???? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????
??????????? ???????? ???????
(1832?1867) 		10 ????? (?????)? 1864 19 ?????? (?????)? 1867 ??????? ?? ???????
(1840?1927)

????????? ????????? (1867?1876) [ ??? ]

???????
?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
26 ?????? ??????
(1806?1872) 		18 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1857 11 ?????? (?????)? 1861 ????? ????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ???? ??? ??????? .
???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?? ??? ????????. ?????? ??????? ???? ???????? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ????????? . ??? ???????? ??????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????????.
11 ?????? (?????)? 1861 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1865
1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1865 7 ????? ????? (??????)? 1867
8 ????? ????? (??????)? 1867 11 ????? ????? (??????)? 1871
12 ????? ????? (??????)? 1871 18 ???? (?????)? 1872
27 ???????? ????? ?? ??????
(1823?1889) 		18 ???? (?????)? 1872 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1872 ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??????. ?????? ?? ???? ????????? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??? ??????? ????? ????. [101]
1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1872 20 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1876
28 ????? ????? ????????
(1823?1891) 		????? ????? (??????)? 26, 1876 ????? ?????? (??????)? 28, 1876 ????? ????????? ????? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??? ?????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? 20 ??????? ???? ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? [102]

?????????? (1876?1911) [ ??? ]

???????
?????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??????? ???????
29 ???????? ????
(1830?1915) 		28 ????? ?????? (??????) 1876 6 ????? ????? (??????)? 1876 ????? ????????? He became provisional president when Iglesias went to exile. [103]
30 ???? ??. ?????
(1824?1894) 		6 ????? ????? (??????)? 1876 17 ???? (??????)? 1877 ????? ????????? He was appointed substitute president by Diaz when he left office to fight the supporters of Lerdo de Tejada. [104]
???????? ????
(1830?1915) 		17 ???? (??????)? 1877 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1880 ????? ????????? He reassumed the presidency. On May 2, he was appointed constitutional president by Congress. [105]
31 ?????? ???????? ??????
(1833?1893) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1880 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1884 ????? ????????? He was the winner of the federal elections of 1880. [106]
???????? ????
(1830?1915) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1884 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1888 National Porfirist Party
National Reelectionist Party 		He was the winner of the federal elections of 1884, 1888, 1892, 1896, 1900, 1904 and 1910.
He resigned during his 7th term after the triumph of the ?????? ????????? . [107]
1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1888 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1892
1 ????? ????? (??????) 1892 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1896
1 ????? ????? (??????) 1896 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1900
1 ????? ????? (??????) 1900 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1904
1 ????? ????? (??????) 1904 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1910 Vice President     [???? ????] ‏
????? ?????
(since 1904)
1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1910 25 ???? (????) 1911

?????? (1911?1928) [ ??? ]

??????? ???????: ?????? ?????????
???????
?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
32 ????????? ???? ?? ?? ????
(1863?1939) 		25 ???? (????)? 1911 5 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1911 ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ????????. [108]
33 ????????? ??????
(1873?1913) 		6 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1911 ????(??????) 19? 1913 ??? ??????????? ?????? ??? 1911.
???? ?? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?? ?????????? ????? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????. ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ??????. [109] [110]
???? ?????? ????????
????? ????? ???? ??????
34 ????? ?????????
(1856?1952) 		???? (??????) 19? 1913 ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ????????. ???? ?????????? ????? ?????? ???????? ??? 45 ????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???????. [111]
35 ?????????? ?????
(1850?1916) 		19 ???? (??????)? 1913 15 ???? (?????)? 1914 ???? ??????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????? . ??? ?? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?????????? ??????? ???? ???????. [112] [113]
36 ????????? ????????
(1870?1932) 		15 ???? (?????)? 1914 13 ?? (?????)? 1914 ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????.
?????? ??? ?? ??? ??? "??????? ??????????". [114]

??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????? ????????????? [ ??? ]

???? ??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
??????? ??????? ???????
(1881?1939) 		6 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1914 16 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1915 ????? ?????? ??????. [115]
???? ???????? ?????
(1885?1962) 		16 ????? ?????? (?????)? 1915 10 ?????? (?????)? 1915 ?? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ?????? . [116]
????????? ????? ???????
(1878?1932) 		10 ?????? (?????)? 1915 10 ????? ????? (??????)? 1915 ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????. [117]

??????? ??????????? [ ??? ]

???????
??????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????
37 ?????????? ???????
(1859?1920) 		???? ?????? ?????????
??? ???? ????? ???????? 		??? ???? ???? ?????? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????.
??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??????? . ???? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1917 ? ?????? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ???? (????) 1917.
??? ????? ???? ???? ??????. [118]
14 ?? (?????)? 1914 30 ????? (?????)? 1917
???? ???????
1 ???? (????)? 1917 21 ???? (????)? 1920
38 ?????? ?? ?? ?????
(1881?1955) 		1 ?????? (?????)? 1920 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1920 ????? ???????? ?????? ??????. [119]
39 ?????? ????????
(1880?1928) 		1 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1920 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1924 ??? ? ?????????? ?????? ????????? 1920 . [120]
40 ???????? ????? ?????
(1877?1945) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1924 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1928 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1924 . [121]

????????? (1928?1934) [ ??? ]

???????
?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????
41 ?????? ?????? ???
(1890?1978) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1928 4 ???? (??????)? 1930 ??? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???????? ? ????? ???????? ?????? ??????. [9]
42 ??????? ?????? ?????
(1877?1963) 		5 ???? (??????)? 1930 4 ????? (??????)? 1932 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1929 .
?????? ???? ????? ????? ?? ?????? [122] [123]
43 ???????? ????????
(1889?1967) 		4 ????? (??????)? 1932 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1934 ????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?????? ???????? 1930-1934. [124]

??????? ??????? (1934 ? ??? ????) [ ??? ]

??? ????????? ????????? ??? 1933? ?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????????? ?????? ????????? 1934 ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?????.

???????
?????? ??? ????? ????? ????? ???????
44 ?????? ????????
(1895?1970) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1934 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1940 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1934 .
45 ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????
(1896?1955) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1940 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1946 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1940 .
46 ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?????? ??????
(1900?1983) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1946 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1952 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1946 .
47 ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ???? ????????
(1889?1973) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1952 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1958 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1952 .
48 ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ??????
(1910?1969) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1958 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1964 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1958 .
49 ????? ?????? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????
(1911?1979) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1964 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1970 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1964 .
50 ????? ?????? ????????? ???? ?????????
(born 1922) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1970 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1976 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 1970 .
51 ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ????? ??????
(1920?2004) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1976 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1982 ??? ? ?????????? ?????? ????????? 1976 .
52 ????? ?????? ????????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
(1934?2012) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1982 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1988 ??? ? ?????????? ?????? ????????? 1982 .
53 ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ?? ???????
(born 1948) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1988 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 1994 ??? ? ?????????? ?????? ????????? 1988 .
54 ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ??????
(?????? 1951) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 1994 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 2000 ??? ? ?????????? ?????? ????????? 1994 .
??? ????? ?????? (???????) 55}} ??????? ????
(?????? 1942) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 2000 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 2006 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 2000 .
56 ??? ????? ?????? ?????? ????????
(?????? 1962) 		1 ????? ????? (??????)? 2006 30 ????? ?????? (??????)? 2012 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 2006 .
57 ????? ?????? ????????? ?????? ????? ?????
(?????? 1966) 		1 ????? ?????? (??????)? 2012 2017 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 2018 .
58 ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ????????
(?????? 1953) 		1 ????? ?????? (??????)? 2018 ??? ??????????? ?????? ????????? 2012 .

????? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ???? 2024 ? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??? ??????. ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ?? ?? ????? (1982-1988) ????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ????? (?????) 2012.

????? ????? ????? ????? [ ??? ]

?????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????
?????? ?????? 1859?1864
1867?1872 		18 ???? (?????)? 1872 (???? 66) ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ???? ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????.
?????????? ??????? 1914?1920 21 ???? (????)? 1920 (???? 60) ?????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ??? ?? ?????.

??????? [ ??? ]

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  85. ^ "1855 Decreto del gobierno. Se nombra presidente de la Republica al general D. Juan Alvarez" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-07-09 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-08-09 .
  86. ^ "Ignacio Comonfort" . Gobierno Federal de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-08-09 .
  87. ^ "Ignacio Comonfort asume la Presidencia" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2012-08-09 .
  88. ^ "Juarez Garcia Benito Pablo" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-04 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-29 .
  89. ^ "Es proclamado el Plan de Tacubaya, con el que los conservadores pretenden derogar la Constitucion de 1857" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-29 .
  90. ^ "El Congreso declara que dejo de ser Presidente de la Republica don Ignacio Comonfort desde el 17 de diciembre de 1857" . 500 anos de Mexico en documentos. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-12 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-29 .
  91. ^ "Tras desconocer a Comonfort, Felix Maria Zuloaga es nombrado presidente por el partido conservador" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  92. ^ ? ? "Asume la presidencia del gobierno conservador el general Manuel Robles Pezuela" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  93. ^ "Plan de Navidad" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  94. ^ "FELIX MARIA ZULOAGA (1813?1898)" . Bicentenario de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-08-26 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  95. ^ "Zuloaga nombra presidente sustituto de la Republica a Miguel Miramon" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  96. ^ "Jose Ignacio Pavon, presidente de la Suprema Corte, se encarga durante dos dias del poder ejecutivo del gobierno conservador" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  97. ^ "Toma posesion como presidente interino de la Republica, Miguel Miramon. Juarez sigue siendo el presidente legal" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  98. ^ "Felix Maria Zuloaga" . Chihuahua, Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-05-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  99. ^ "Se establece la regencia del Imperio mexicano" . 500 anos de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  100. ^ "Acta de la primera reunion de la Junta Superior de Gobierno" . 500 anos de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-04-30 .
  101. ^ "Lerdo de Tejada Sebastian" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  102. ^ "El Congreso declara la reeleccion de Lerdo de Tejada y Jose Ma. Iglesias se da a la rebeldia" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-04 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  103. ^ "Porfirio Diaz asume el poder por primera vez" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  104. ^ "El general Juan N. Mendez ocupa la presidencia en tanto Porfirio Diaz termina con los ultimos reductos de las fuerzas de Iglesias y de Lerdo de Tejada" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  105. ^ "Porfirio Diaz es nombrado presidente constitucional de la Republica" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  106. ^ "El general Manuel Gonzalez toma posesion como presidente constitucional" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  107. ^ "Diaz Mori Porfirio" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  108. ^ "Leon de la Barra Francisco" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-20 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  109. ^ "Francisco I. Madero asume el cargo de la Presidente de la Republica" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  110. ^ "Se consuma la traicion: Huerta y Wilson firman el Pacto de la Embajada" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-01 .
  111. ^ "Por solo cuarenta y cinco minutos, Pedro Lascurain Paredes asume el cargo de presidente interino" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-22 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  112. ^ "Victoriano Huerta asume la presidencia y rinde la protesta de ley ante los diputados" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  113. ^ "Victoriano Huerta, vencido por las fuerzas constitucionalistas, renuncia a la Presidencia de la Republica" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  114. ^ "FRANCISCO S. CARVAJAL" . Bicentenario de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2017-08-27 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  115. ^ "Eulalio Gutierrez Ortiz asume la presidencia del gobierno convencionista" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2014-07-11 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-10 .
  116. ^ "El presidente provisional, nombrado por la Convencion, Eulalio Gutierrez, huye de Mexico con los fondos de la Tesoreria. Lo sucede Roque Gonzalez Garza" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-10 .
  117. ^ "Francisco Lagos Chazaro se convierte en el ultimo presidente del gobierno de la Convencion" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-10 .
  118. ^ "Carranza Garza Venustiano" . Bicentenario de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  119. ^ "Adolfo de la Huerta asume presidencia provisional de la Republica" . Bicentenario de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  120. ^ "Obregon Salido Alvaro" . Bicentenario de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  121. ^ "Elias Calles Campuzano Plutarco" . Bicentenario de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-02 .
  122. ^ "Pascual Ortiz Rubio sufre un atentado y resulta herido durante su toma posesion de la Presidencia de la Republica" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-02 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-10 .
  123. ^ "Ortiz Rubio renuncia a la Presidencia. Ejercio su mandato en el periodo del "Maximato" llamado asi por el poder real ejercido por Calles" . Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-09-03 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-10 .
  124. ^ "Rodriguez Abelardo L." Memoria Politica de Mexico. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-10-19 . ???? ???? ?????? 2013-05-10 .

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