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????? ?????? ( ????????? : Philippe IV )? (??? ????? ?????? 1268 - 29 ?????? 1314 ) ?? ????? ?????? ( ????????? : Philippe le Bel )? ?? ????? ??????? ( ????????? : le roi de fer )? ??? ??? ????? ?? 1285 ??? ????? ?? 1314. ?? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ?????????? ( ????????? : Capetiens )?.
??? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ( ????????? : Jeanne Ire de Navarre )? ????? ?????? ???? - ??? ????? ????? - ??? ????? ????? ??????? ??? 1284 ?1305 .
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??? ????? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ?????? 1285 .
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^ LA POLITIQUE MONETAIRE TROUBLE DE PHILIPPE LE BEL ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 17 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
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[1] LA POLITIQUE MONETAIRE TROUBLE DE PHILIPPE LE BEL ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ?????? 17 ????? 2017 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? . ^{[
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