?? ?????????? ???????? ?????
???????
(
???????????
:
Starbucks
)? ?? ???? ?????
???????
? ???? ???
1971
??
?????
??????
??????
??? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ??????????
???? ???????
????? ??????? (??? ?????) ??????? (?????? ????). ?????? ??????
??????
2021
???? ?? 16,226 ???? ?? 84 ???? ??? ?????? ???? 15,444 ????
???????? ??????? ?????????
????? ?? 383,000 ???? ?? ???? ??????.
[7]
????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ??????????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ??????. ??? ???? ???????? ??????????? ?? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????.
??????? ???????
[
???
]
?????
[
???
]
??? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ?????
????? ?????
??????????
???? ???
???? ???? ?? ??? 1851?? ????? ???? ??????? ?? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?????? (????) ??? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ??????.
??? ????
[
???
]
????? ??? ???? ??????? ?? ??? (???? ?????) ???????? ?? ????? ??? 1971?? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ???? ?????? ????
???? ????
??????
??????? ??????.
??????
[
???
]
???? ??? ??????? ???? ????? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? - ?? ????? - ??? ????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? - ???? ?????? ?????? - ???? ???? ??????? (???????) ?? ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? 1971? ???? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????? ???? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???????.
-
1971?1987
-
1987?1992
-
1992?2011
-
2011???? ????
??????? ?? ????? ??????
[
???
]
?????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? 1999? . ???? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???? ???????? ????????? . ????? ??? ???? ???????? ??
??? ??? - ??????
??? 1999?. ????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ?? 500 ???? (???????) ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????
???????
???????
???????? ??????? ????????
?????????
??????
???????
????
?????
????
???????
.
??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????
[
???
]
????? ???? ??????? ??
????? ??????
??? 1992? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ?????? ??
???????
?? ??? 1996? ????? ?????? ???? ?? 7.000.000 ????? ?????? ???????.
??????? ???????
[
???
]
??? ?? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?????? ?? ???? 18.389 ????? ?? 83 ???? ??? ?????? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ????? ??? ???????? ?????? ??????? 383,000.
????? ???????????
[
???
]
????? ????? ?? ?????
[
???
]
?? ?????? ???
2013
? ????
??????? ????? ???????
????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ???????. ???? ????? ???????? ?? ?????? ??? ???? ???????
?????
(354 ??) ??
????
??????? ????? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ?????? ?? ??????. ????? ?? ??????? ???? 4 ???? (0.67 ????? ??????) ???? ??? ????? ?? 27 ???? (4.5 ????? ??????)? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?? ????? ???? ?? ??????? ??????.
[8]
[9]
??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? 11 ????? ?????
[
???
]
?? ??????
2023
? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? 11 ????? ????? ??? ????????? ????????
??????? ??? ??????? ????
??? ????? ???
???????
?????
. ???? ??? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??????????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???. ?????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ????? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ???? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????.
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
???
????
2024
???? ?????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? ???? ?? 500 ???? (???????) ?? ???? ????? ????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ???????? ???????.
[14]
???? ?????
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]
?????
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????? ??????
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???????? ????????
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?????? ??????
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???? ????
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?????
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?????
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- 1
??????? ????? ?? ???
????? ????
?? ???????? ??????? ?????. ?? ?????
Cereal Partners
??? ??????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ???.
2
??????? ???????? ?????? ??
????? ????
? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ????? ?????.
3
U.S. ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???
???? ?????
.
4
?????? ???????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ??
Smarties Candy Company
????? ?????.
5
U.S. rights and specific trade dress owned by Nestle; rights elsewhere owned by
??????? ????? ????
.
6
?? ????? Cereal Partners ? branded as Nestle.
7
Produced by Cereal Partners and branded as Nestle in the United Kingdom and Ireland. Produced by Post Foods elsewhere.
8
Philippine ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???
Alaska Milk Corporation
.
9
??????????? ?????????? ???????????? ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ???
Fraser and Neave
.
10
Used ??? ?? ????????? ???????? ????????.
11
?????? ??? ?? ???????.
12
U.S. ???? ??????? ?????? ?? ??? the
Ferrara Candy Company
.
13
North American rights and specific trade dress to all packaged coffee ?????? ?? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???????? ???????? by Nestle since 2019.
|