?? ?????? ????

???? ???????? ?????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?? ???????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? (UHF , VHF) ?? ???? ????? ???????? ??????? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ???? ?????? ????? (?????) ???? ???????? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???? ???????? ??? ???? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????. ^[1]^[2]^[3]

??????? [ ??? ]

??????? ?????? ???? ??? ???????? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?? ??????? DC? ?? 7 ?????? 1927. ?????? BBC ?????????? ???? ???? ???????? ??????? ?? ??? 1929? ???? ???? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?? ??? 1930. ????? ????? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ?????? ??? ????? ?? ???? ???????? ???? ?????? ????????.

??? ST61 ?????? ???? ?????? [ ??? ]

??? ????? ST61 ??????? ???? ??? ???????? UHF ?? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? 1964 ?? ????? BBC2 ?? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? VHF ??? ?????? ?????? 405 ?? ??????? ?? ??? ?? ??????? UHF ??? ? 625 ??? ???? (???? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?????? PAL). ????? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? 405 ??? ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ???????? UHF ??? ?? ????? ??? 405 ??? ?? ????? ??????? ?? 6 ?????? 1985. ?? ???? ?????? VHF ???? III ?? ????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???? PAL? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ?? ???. ???? ??????????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ??? ???. ??? ????? ?? ?? ?? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ??? ST61? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ??

?????? ???????? [ ??? ]

?? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ?? NTSC ??? ???????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? 1953. ?? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ???? ??? PAL ?SECAM ???????? ??????? ????? ?? ?????? NTSC. ??????? ?????? ???? ???? ?? NTSC. ???????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?????????? ????????? ??????? ???? ???? ???? ???????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?????? ????? ?????? ??? ????????. ????????? ????????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ??? ??? ????????. ???? ????????? ?????? ??????? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ?? (HDTV)? ???? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ?????????? ??? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?? ??????? ?????? ????????? ???? ??????. ?? ?????? ????????? ?? ????????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??????????? ?? 2 ??? 6 (VHF ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? I ?????? ?? ??????)? ?? 7 ??? 13 (VHF ????? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ??????? ?? ???? ???)? ?14 ?? ???? 69 (UHF ???? ?????????? ?? ???? ??? ?????? ?????? ???????). ????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??????? ????????? ???? ????? ?????????. ???????? ??? ???? ????????? ????????? ???????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? TV ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??? ????????? ??????. ????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ?????? ???????? ????????? bandplan ?? ???? ?????????? ?? ?????? ???????? ???????? ??????. ??????: ??????? ?? 2011/1/8? ?????? ????????? ????????? ?? 2 ??? 6? ??????? ??? ?? 7 ??? 13 ?14 ??? 51 ? LPTV ?? ???? ?????? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ????????? ?? 52 ??? 69 ?? ???? ????????? ????????? ?? ??? LPTV ?? ??? ????? ???? . ???? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? 2012/01/08. ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??????? ??? ???? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????.

???? [ ??? ]

???? ?????? ?? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?????????? ??? ?? ??????? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? 1956? ????? ??????? ??? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ?? ??????.??? ??? ????? ???????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????/???? 1956. ?????? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????? ??????. ??? ??? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????????? ???????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??? ????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ???? ??? ?????? ?????????. ^[4]

???? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ??? ????????? ??? ??????? ????????. ??? ????????? ??????? ???? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? ??? ???????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????. ????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????????. ????? ????????? ?????? ≪????? ??????≫ ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ??????. ?? ????? 1976 ??? ???? ???? ??? ??? ????? ???? ??? ???????? (7 ?9). ??? ??????? ???? ??? ???? ?? ???? ????????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ?????? ?????? ???? ??????? ?????? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ??? ????? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?????/?????? ??? 1956 ???? ?????? ??????????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ???? ???? ??? ???????? ????????. ????? ??? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ????????? ??? ??? 1959? ??? ?? ???? ??? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ?? ????? ??????????.

??? ????????? ??????? ?? ????? ?? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ?? 15 ?????? 1959 ?? ???? ????? ???? ???????? ?????. ??? ???? ??????? ????? ?? ??? 1965 ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????. ?? ????? ???? ????????? ??? ?????? (???? ??????) ????????? ?? ??? 1972. ??? ??? 1975? ??? ??? ??? ??? ????? ???? ????????? ???? ????????? ?????? ?????? ????????? ?? ?????. ?? ??? ????? ????????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? 1976. ?????? ???????? ??????????? ??????? ?? ??? 1982. ?? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ????? TV ?? ????? ???????. ?? ??? ????? ?? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????? ????? ?????????? ???? ???? ?????? ???????. ????????? ???????????? ???? (???? ????? ??? ????????? ????????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ???? ???????) ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ???????. ??? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ?? ??? ????????? ??????? ????. ?????? ????? 1980s ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ?????????. ??? ????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ???? ????????? ??????? ???? ??????. ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ??? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????. ??? ???? ??? ?????? ?? ??? ???? ?? 2 DD DD ???? ". ???? ????? ??????? ??? ?? ????. ???? ???? ???? ?? 90 ?? ????? ?? ???? ????? ???? ????????? DD ??????? ??????? ?? ???? ???? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ?????? 1,400. [ ??? ]????????? ??????

??????? ??????? ??????? [ ??? ]

?? ????? 1990s? ????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??? CEPT ??? ≪?????? '97≫ ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ??? ?????? ST61. ??? ????? ????????? ?????? ?? ????? 1990s ???????? ?????? ?? ????? 21st ??????? ?????? ????????? ???????? ????? ????????? ????????? ???????? ? ???? ??? ST61 ???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?? ??????. ?? ?????? 2005? ??????? ???????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ???? ?????????? ????? ??? 2012 ??????? ?? ???? ?????????? ?????? ??? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? (???? ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? DVB-T). ???????? ?? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ?? ?????? ????? ????? ??? 2006? ???? ????? ??????? ?? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ???? ??? ??? 2008 (??????)? ?(????????) ?? ??? 2009. ?? ??? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ????? ??? 2007? ???? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ??? 2012. ???? ?? ???? ??????? ??????????? ????????? ?? 1 ??????? 2009. [1] ??? ????? ????? ??????? ????? (??? ????? ????? ?? ???????) ??????? ???? ?? ?? ???? ????? ??? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ????? ??? 2012 ???? ?????? ???????? ????? ??? ??????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ????? ??? 2012. ?????? ?? ??????? ??????? ?????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????. ??? ?????? ???????? ????? DVB-T ??????? ??????? ????????? ?????????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????? ????? ??? 2012. ??? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?? ??? 2009 ???? ?? ??????. ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?? ????????? ???? ???? ?????? ?? ??? ?? ????? ???????? ????????? ???????? ?? ??? 2010. ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ?????? DTV ????? ?????? ?? ??? ????? ?? ????? ???????. ???????? ?????? ????? ??? ???? ????? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???? ?????? ????? ???????? ??? ????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ???? ???????. ?? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ????? ATSC ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ??????. ?? ???????? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ????? (FCC) ?????? ??????? ?????? ?????? switchoff ????????? ? ????? 12? 2009. ??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ????????? ?????????? ???? ????? ????. ?? ????? ??????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ?????? ???? (CRTC)? ????? 31? 2011? ??????? ???? ??????? ?? ?????? ????? ???? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ???? ????. [2] [ 3] [ ??? ]??????? ??? ????? ????????

?? ????? ??? 2009? ??? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????? ???????? ???????? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ???????? ???? ?? ????????? ???? ????? ?????? ???? ???? FCC ????????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ??????? ? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????. ??? ????? ??? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ??? ??? ?????? (??? ???????? ???????)? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?? ????? ≪????? ???????≫ ??? ??????? ???????? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ????? ????? ??? ??? ????? ??? (??? ????? ??? ??????) ?? ???????? DTV ?? ???????? ???????. ??? ????? ??? ???????? ???????? ??????? ????? ??????? ?? ?????? ???? ??????????? ??? ???? ??? ???? ????????? ??? ??? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????. ??? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ???? ???? ???? ????????? ????????? ?? ?????? ATSC ????? ?????? ?????? 8VSB ???????? ???? ?? ???? ????? ?????? COFDM ???????? ????????? ?? ???? ???? ?????? ?????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??????. ????????? ?? ?????? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????????? ??????? ?? ???????? ???????? ???? ?? ATSC ??? ???????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? (?? ?? ???? ?? ??????? ??? ?? ????? ???? ???????) ??? ATSC-M / H ???????? DVB-T ?? ISDB T- ???? ??? ?? ??? DVB- H ?? 1SEG. ? ??????? ??????? ???????? ???? ??????? ??? ??? ?????????? ???????? ??????? ????? ???? ???? ??????? ???? ????????? ????????? ???? ????? ??? ?????? 2009? ???????? ? ??? ?? ???? ????? ?? ????? ?????? 2010. [ ????? ]???? ????

???? ????????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????? ????? ??????? ??????????? ??????? ??? ????? ??????. ?????? ???? ????????? DVB-T ATSC ????? [ ????? ]???????

^ ≪DVB - ?? ??????? ?????? - ???????≫. ?? ??????? ??????. ^ ≪???? ?????? ???? ????? ????????? ?????? ?????????≫ (????). ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????.. ??????? 2007-05-17. ^ ≪??????? ?????? ??? CRTC 2007-53≫. ???????? 50 ??? 80. ?????? ????? ?????????? ?????????? ??????? ?????????? ??????.. ??????? 2007-05-17. [ ????? ]????? ??????

TVRadioWorld ?????? TV ????? W9WI.com (???? ??????? ?????????? ?????? TV) ????? ??????? ???????????? ?????? ????????

??????? [ ??? ]

^ "FCC regulations CFR 47 Part 74 Subpart L: FM Broadcast Translator Stations and FM Broadcast Booster Stations" . Edocket.access.gpo.gov. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-02-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-04 .
^ "The Color Revolution: Television In The Sixties" . TVObscurities. 15 ?????? 2005. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-04 .
^ "CEA Study Says Seven Percent of TV Households Use Antennas" , '"TVTechnology , 30 July 2013 ???? ?????? 14 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .
^ "?????? 61 ?????? ??? ??????? ????" . ???? ????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-07-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-09-30 .

?? ????? ??? ?????? ??: ?? ?????? ????

[1] "FCC regulations CFR 47 Part 74 Subpart L: FM Broadcast Translator Stations and FM Broadcast Booster Stations" . Edocket.access.gpo.gov. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2012-02-08 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-04 .

[2] "The Color Revolution: Television In The Sixties" . TVObscurities. 15 ?????? 2005. ????? ?? ????? ?? 2018-06-24 . ???? ???? ?????? 2017-09-04 .

[3] "CEA Study Says Seven Percent of TV Households Use Antennas" , '"TVTechnology , 30 July 2013 ???? ?????? 14 ????? 2015 ??? ???? ??? ??? ???? .

[4] "?????? 61 ?????? ??? ??????? ????" . ???? ????? . ????? ?? ????? ?? 2019-07-28 . ???? ???? ?????? 2018-09-30 .

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]